Chemistry:Carbide iodide

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Short description: Class of chemical compounds

Carbide iodides are mixed anion compounds containing iodide and carbide anions. Many carbide iodides are cluster compounds, containing one, two or more carbon atoms in a core, surrounded by a layer of metal atoms, and encased in a shell of iodide ions. These ions may be shared between clusters to form chains, double chains or layers.

The metal in carbide iodides is most often a rare earth element. Similar formulas tend to have similar structures. Where R is a rare earth element: R12C6I17 contains chains of R6 octahedra with a C26− core and a shell of iodide. R4I5C contains similar chains, but with a single C4− carbide atom. Double chain structures with single carbon atom cores include R6I7C2 and R3I3C. Layers of joined octahedra include R2I2C2 with an ethanide C24− core; R2I2C and R2IC with one carbide per octahedron.[1]

Related compounds include carbide chlorides, and carbide bromides. Carbon may be substituted by hydrogen, boron or nitrogen in the core of cluster compounds.

This list does not include cyanides, carbonyls, cyanamides or carbido borates, where carbon has bonds to other non-metals. However, there are carbide iodides that also contain nitride, oxide or other halides.

List

Do not confuse Cl for chlorine, and CI for carbon and iodine.

formula system space group unit cell volume density comment reference
Sc2I3C triclinic P1 a=10.793, b=10.803, c=13.959, α=87.8, β=73.04, γ=60.8 4,76 black [2]
Sc4C2I6 triclinic P1 a=10.803 b=13.959 c=10.793 α=106.96° β=119.20° γ=87.80° Z=4 linear chains [3]
Sc6C2I11 triclinic P1 a=10.046 b=14.152 c=9.030 α=104.36° β=110.45° γ=89.27° Z=2 4.83 black [3]
Sc7CI12 trigonal R3 a=14.717 c=9.847 Z=3 4.99 dark purple; dissolves in N,N-dimethylacetamide [4][5]
Sc24C10I30 trigonal Pa3 a=25.5182, c=25.5182 4.00 black; supertetrahedron of C10 [6]
Y2C2I2 monoclinic C12/m1 a=7174, b=3.866, c=10.412 β=92.98, 5.25 bronze; superconductor Tc=9.97K [2][7]
Y2I2C trigonal P3m1 a=3.922 c=10.404 5.32 olive green [2]
Y4I5C monoclinc C2/m a=18.479 b=3.947 c=8.472 β=103.22° 5.53 dark red; chains [8]
Y5C2I9 monoclinic C12/c1 a=18.479, b=3947, c=8472, β=103.22° 4.97 black [2]
Y6C2I7 monoclinc C2/m a=21.557 b=3.909 c=12.374 β=123.55° 5.53 black; twin chain [8][9]
Y10C2I13 monoclinc C2/m a=21.317 b=3.95 c=19.889 β=97.40° Z=2 black [9]
Y19C6I34 triclinic P1 a=9.3683,b=10.341, c=22.173, α=79.104, β=88.175, γ=69.277 Z=1 1970.8 5.12 black [2]
Y10C2I13 monoclinic C12/m1 a=21.317, b=3.957, c19.899, β=97.4° 5.11 black [2]
Y19C6I34 triclinic P1 a=93683, b=10.341, c=22.173, α=79.104°, β=88.175°, γ=69.277° 5.12 black [2]
Y16B4C8I19 triclinic P1 a=12.311, b=13.996, c=19.695, α=74.96, β=89.51, γ=67.03 4.40 blue [10]
Y21B7C14I18 triclinic P1 a=10.66, b=15.546, c=18.416, α=82.49, β=85.01, γ=82.92 Z=2 2995 4.87 [10][11]
Y6C2I9N hexagonal P6 a=20.275, c=13.025 4.91 brown [12]
Y7C2I12N triclinic P1 a=9.7124, b=10.3038, c=16.7358, α=101.366, β=92.758, γ=112.799 4.84 olive green [12]
Y7C3I6O orthorhombic Pmma a=22.494, b=3.837, c=10.791 5.12 bronze [12]
[Y9C4O]I8 orthorhombic Pmmn a = 29.127, b = 3.8417, c = 10.80.29, Z = 2 5.16 black [13][14]
Y16C7I14O2 monoclinic C2/m a=51.6, b=3.84, c=10.8, β=93 5.15 [12]
YCI0.75l0.25C monoclinic C2/m a=7.127, b=3.839, c=10.441, β=93.84 4.78 [15]
YI0.75CBr0.25 monoclinic C2/m a=7.131, b=3.847, c=10.358, β=93.73 5.06 [16]
Zr6CI12 trigonal R3 a=14.508, c=10.007 5.69 [2]
Zr6CI14 orthorhombic Cmce a=15.69, b=14.218, c=12.808 5.43 [2]
K0.58Zr6CI14 orthorhombic Cmca a=15.727, b=14.278, c=12798 5.54 [12]
RbZr6I14C orthorhombic Cmca a=15.768, b=14.296, c=12.849 5.55 [12]
CsY10C4I18 triclinic P1 a=11.138, b=11.201, c=11.325, α=66.92, β=87.26, γ=60.87 Z=1 1117.2 4.99 black [17]
Cs2Zr7I18C trigonal R3c a=10.744, c=29.409 5.42 [18]
CsZr6I14C orthorhombic Cmca a=15.803, b=14.305, c=12.934 5.61 [18]
Cs2Zr7I18C trigonal R3 a = 10.744, c = 29.409 Z=3 4.99 black [19]
LaIC monoclinic C12/m1 a=7.619, b=4.1252, c=10.7513, β=93.143 5.47 bronze [20]
LaIC monoclinic C12/m1 a=7.6132, b=4.1324, c=10.859, β=100.835 5.50 bronze [20]
La3I5C triclinic P1 a=7.955, b=9.687, c=9.728, α=107.81, β=97.34, γ=105.56 5.28 violet [2]
La3C2I3 orthorhombic C2221 a=12.026 b=17.739 c=17.735 5.77 black [2]
La4C1.5I5 monoclinic C2/m a = 19.849, b = 4.1410, c = 8.956, β = 103.86° 5.62 metallic grey [21]
La4C2I5 orthorhombic Immm a = 19.907, b = 4.1482, c = 8.963, β = 104.36° [21]
La5C2I9 orthorhombic Pbca a = 8.025, b = 16.887, c = 35.886 Z=8 4863 5.08 >850° metallic green [22]
La5C2I9 triclinic P1 a = 8.006, b = 10.088, c = 14.383, α = 79.34°, β = 80.75° and γ = 85.07° Z=2 1124.9 5.494 <800 °C; dark red; air sensitive [22][23]
La6I10(C2) triclinic P1 a = 9.687, b = 9.728, c = 7.955, α = 97.34°, β = 105.56° and γ = 107.81° Z=1 699.33 5.276 violet; air sensitive [23]
La7C3I10 triclinic P1 a=9.761, b=11.79, c=14.055, α=79.6, β=71.49, γ=65.79 5.42 greenish black [2]
La10C4I15 triclinic P1 a=9.747, b=10.655, c=11.736, α=93.68, β=114.44, γ=109.28 5.45 dark red [20]
La10I15(C2)2 triclinic P1 a = 9.747, b = 10.655, c = 11.736, α = 93.68°, β = 114.44° and γ = 109.28° Z=1 1018.39 5.447 dark red; air sensitive [23]
La12I17(C2)3 monoclinic C12/c1 a= 19.927, b= 12.636, c = 19.399, β = 90.24(1)°, Ζ = 4 4884.6 5.30 black [24]
La14(C2)3I20 triclinic P1 a = 9.761, b = 11.790, c = 14.055, α = 79.60°, β = 71.49°, γ = 65.79° greenish black [25]
La4B2I5C monoclinic a=23.303, b=4.299, c=18.991, β=126.22 5.30 black [26]
La9B3C6I5 orthorhombic a=3.9481, b=33.857, c=8.218 6.01 [10]
La4I6CN tetragonal a=13.953 c=9.811 4.67 olive green [27]
LaCI0.75l0.25C monoclinic C2/m a=7.5764, b=4.0758, c=10.7266, β=93.384 5.12 bronze [15]
LaI0.75CBr0.25 monoclinic C2/m a=75857, b=4.0981, c=10.6782, β=93.272 5.33 bronze [16]
Ce3I5C triclinic P1 a=7.875, b=9.588, c=9.648, α=107.69, β=97.24, γ=105.32 5.43 violet [28]
Ce5C2I9 orthorhombic Pbca a = 7.9284, b = 16.714, c = 35.530 5.27 red [22]
Ce6I10C2 triclinic P1 a=9.588 b=9.648 c=7.875 α = 97.24°, β = 105.32° and γ = 107.69 Z=1 652.3 5.432 violet [23]
Ce7C3I10 triclinic P1 a=9.688, b=11.67, c=13.932, α=80.16, β=71.81, γ=65.88 5.57 greenish black [28]
Ce12C6I17 monoclinic C12/c1 a=19.731, b=12.495, c=19.182, β=90.36 5.49 black; chains [28]
Ce14(C2)3I20 triclinic P1 a = 9.688, b = 11.670, c = 13.932, α = 80.16°, β = 71.81°, γ = 65.88° greenish back; semiconductor [25]
Ce4B2I5C monoclinic a=23.194, b=4.29, c=18.822, β=126.5 5.42 black [26]
Ce8I6(C2)(N)2
Ce4I6CN tetragonal P42/mnm a = 13.877, c = 9.665 Z=4 1861.3 4.810 brown [29]
Ce6I9C2N hexagonal P6/m a = 41.774, c = 13.719 Z=32 20734 5.179 black; moisture sensitive [29]
Ce6I9C2N hexagonal P6/m a = 20.958, c = 13.793 Z=8 5246 5.117 black [29]
Pr{Pr6C}I12 black [30]
Pr7C3I10 triclinic P1 a=9663, b=11.619, c=13.866, α=80.31, β=71.79, γ=65.9 5.64 black [2]
Pr12(C2)3I17 monoclinic C2/c a=19.610, b=12.406, c=19.062, β=90.45° 5.62 metallic grey [2][31]
Nd2C2I2 monoclinic C2/m layered [32]
Nd12(C2)3I17 monoclinic C2/c a=19.574, b=112.393, c=19.003(5) Å, β=90.41° 5.71 black [2][31]
Rb{Pr6C2}I12 triclinic P1 a = 9.601, b = 9.570, c = 10.034, α = 71.74, β = 70.69, γ = 72.38°, Z = 1 805.6 5.11 black [33]
Cs2[Pr6(C2)]I12 triclinic P1 a=9.481, b=9.536, c=10.052; α=71.01; β=84,68, γ=89.37°; Z=1 515.3 5.16 black [34]
Cs4[Pr6(C2)]I13 tetragonal I41/amd a = 18.049; c = 12.595 4.94 blue-black with brassy lustre [35]
Gd2IC hexagonal P63/mmc a=3.801, c=14.792 8.14 [36]
Gd3I3C monoclinic P121/m1 a=8.658, b=3.926, c=11.735, β=92.26 7.20 bronze; twin chains [36]
Gd4I5C monoclinic C2/m a=18.587 b=3.978 c=8.561 β=103.3 chains [37]
Gd6C2I7 monoclinic C2/m a=21.767 b=3.947 c=12.459 β=123.6 twin chains [37]
Gd7I12C trigonal R3 a=15.288 c=10.291 [37]
Gd10C4I16 triclinic P1 a=10.463 b=16.945 c=11.220 α=99.16 β=92.68 γ=88.06 6.18 black [38]
Gd12(C2)3I17 monoclinic C2/c a = 19.297, b = 12.201, c = 18.635, β = 90.37° 6.13 black; Gd6 octahedra containing C2 [39]
Gd4I6CN tetragonal a=13.578 c=9.313 5.48 brown red; air sensitive [27]
Gd4I6CN hexagonal a=40.806 c=9.232 5.65 brown red [27]
Gd19(C2)3I34 triclinic P1 a = 9.4172, b = 10.339, c = 22.371, α = 79.00°, β = 88.32°, γ = 69.25° Z=1 2007.6 6.10 black; air sensitive [40]
[Gd4(C2)](Cl, I)6 tetragonal P4/mbm a = 13.475, c = 12.125, Z = 2 black [41]
Gd6C3I4.56Cl4.44 tetragonal P4/mbm a=13.475, c=12.125 5.18 black [15]
Tb2IC hexagonal P63/mmc a=3.7707, c=14.66 8.40 [2]
Tb2C2I2 monoclinic C2/m layered [42]
Dy2I3C orthorhombic Pnnm a=13.622, b=14.335, c=8.396 5.82 [43]
Dy5C2I9 monoclinic P121/c1 a=10.47, b=17.152, c=13.983, β=121.14 6.12 black [43]
Dy7C2I12 trigonal R3 a=15.233, c=10.649 6.25 black [43]
Dy12(C2)3I17 monoclinic C2/c a=19.149, b=12.069, c=18.595, β=90.54 6.46 black [43][31]
{(C2)2O2Dy12}I18 hexagonal P6/m a = 20.2418, c = 12.9921, Z = 8 4610.1 6.22 black [44]
{(C2)2O2Dy14}I24 triclinic P1 a = 9.730, b = 10.330, c = 16.770, α = 101.42°, β = 92.72°, γ = 112.75°, Z = 2 1509.3 5.94 black [44]
Ho7C2I12N triclinic P1 a=9.688, b=10.287, c=16.678, α=101.31, β=92.78, γ=112.8 6.06 brown red [45]
[Ho9C4O]I8 orthorhombic Pmmn a=3.8157, b=28.867, c=10.748 7.19 [45][14]
Er4I5C monoclinic C2m a=18.521 b=4.015 c=8.478 β=103.07 [37]
Er6C2I7 monoclinic C2/m a=21.375 b=3.869 c=12.319 β=123.50 twin chains [37]
[Er9C4O]I8 orthorhombic Pmmn a=3.8037, b=28.818, c=10.7381 7.29 [46][14]
Cs[Er6C]I12 trigonal R3 a=11.120 c=20.638 Z=3 443.71 6.02 black [47]
[Er14(C2)2(N)2]l24 triclinic P1 a = 9.663, b = 10.276, c = 16.634, α =101.374°, β = 92.85°, γ = 112.83°, Z =2 1477.8 6.14 red brown [48]
CsEr10(C2)2I18 triclinic P1 a=11.052 b=11.120 c=11.229 α=66.01° β=87.14° γ=60.80° Z=1 656.6 6.29 black [47]
[Lu9C4O]I8 orthorhombic Pmmn a=3.7575, b=28.333, c=10.6377 7.78 [12][14]

References

  1. ↑ Simon, Arndt (December 1987). "Borderline of cluster chemistry with lanthanides". Inorganica Chimica Acta 140: 57–58. doi:10.1016/s0020-1693(00)81050-6. 
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 Villars, Pierre; Cenzual, Karin; Gladyshevskii, Roman (2014-12-17) (in en). Handbook of Inorganic Substances 2015. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. pp. 363. ISBN 978-3-11-031174-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=DSp1BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA363. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Dudis, Douglas S.; Corbett, John D. (June 1987). "Two scandium iodide carbides containing dicarbon units within scandium clusters: Sc6I11C2 and Sc4I6C2. Synthesis, structure, and the bonding of dicarbon" (in en). Inorganic Chemistry 26 (12): 1933–1940. doi:10.1021/ic00259a025. ISSN 0020-1669. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ic00259a025. 
  4. ↑ Dudis, Douglas S.; Corbett, John D.; Hwu, Shiou Jyh (September 1986). "Synthesis, characterization, and crystal structures of two scandium cluster carbides and a boride, Sc7X12C (X = I, Br) and Sc7I12B" (in en). Inorganic Chemistry 25 (19): 3434–3438. doi:10.1021/ic00239a023. ISSN 0020-1669. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ic00239a023. 
  5. ↑ Demir, Selvan; Tyrra, Wieland; Schmitz, Simon; Klein, Axel; Meyer, Gerd H. (2022). "Pursuing the excision of carbon-centred hexanuclear scandium clusters {CSc6} from solid {CSc6}I12Sc†" (in en). Australian Journal of Chemistry. doi:10.1071/CH21267. ISSN 0004-9425. http://www.publish.csiro.au/?paper=CH21267. 
  6. ↑ Jongen, Liesbet; Mudring, Anja-Verena; Meyer, Gerd (2006-03-13). "The Molecular Solid Sc24C10I30: A Truncated, Hollow T4 Supertetrahedron of Iodine Filled with a T3 Supertetrahedron of Scandium That Encapsulates the Adamantoid Cluster Sc4C10" (in en). Angewandte Chemie International Edition 45 (12): 1886–1889. doi:10.1002/anie.200503914. ISSN 1433-7851. PMID 16485307. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/anie.200503914. 
  7. ↑ Henn, R. W.; Schnelle, W.; Kremer, R. K.; Simon, A. (1996-07-08). "Bulk Superconductivity at 10 K in the Layered Compounds Y 2 C 2 I 2 and Y 2 C 2 Br 2" (in en). Physical Review Letters 77 (2): 374–377. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.374. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 10062435. https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.374. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Kauzlarich, Susan M.; Hughbanks, Timothy; Corbett, John D.; Klavins, Peter; Shelton, Robert N. (May 1988). "Two extended metal chain compounds, yttrium iodide carbides (Y4I5C and Y6I7C2). Synthesis, structure, properties, and bonding" (in en). Inorganic Chemistry 27 (10): 1791–1797. doi:10.1021/ic00283a024. ISSN 0020-1669. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ic00283a024. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Kauzlarich, Susan M.; Payne, Martin W.; Corbett, John D. (September 1990). "Y10I13C2: a novel compound with chains of both carbon-centered and empty clusters" (in en). Inorganic Chemistry 29 (19): 3777–3781. doi:10.1021/ic00344a025. ISSN 0020-1669. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ic00344a025. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Villars, Pierre; Cenzual, Karin; Gladyshevskii, Roman (2014-12-17) (in en). Handbook of Inorganic Substances 2015. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 844. ISBN 978-3-11-031174-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=DSp1BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA844. 
  11. ↑ Oeckler, Oliver; Duppel, Viola; Mattausch, Hansjürgen; Simon, Arndt (1999-04-01). "Y 21 I 18 C 14 B 7 : Synthesis, Average Structure, and Structural Misfit" (in en). Inorganic Chemistry 38 (8): 1767–1771. doi:10.1021/ic981377x. ISSN 0020-1669. PMID 11670945. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic981377x. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 Villars, Pierre; Cenzual, Karin; Gladyshevskii, Roman (2014-12-17) (in en). Handbook of Inorganic Substances 2015. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 948. ISBN 978-3-11-031174-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=DSp1BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA948. 
  13. ↑ Meyer, H.-Jürgen (August 1993). "Zur elektronischen Struktur von [Y9C4OI8"] (in de). Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 619 (8): 1389–1392. doi:10.1002/zaac.19936190812. ISSN 0044-2313. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.19936190812. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 Mattfeld, Heiner; Krämer, Karl; Meyer, Gerd (August 1993). "[M9C4OI8 (M = Y, Ho, Er, Lu), reduzierte Selten-Erd-Iodide mit gewellten Metall-Doppelschichten und zwei verschiedenen interstitiellen Atomen"] (in de). Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 619 (8): 1384–1388. doi:10.1002/zaac.19936190811. ISSN 0044-2313. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.19936190811. 
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Villars, Pierre; Cenzual, Karin; Gladyshevskii, Roman (2014-12-17) (in en). Handbook of Inorganic Substances 2015. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 934. ISBN 978-3-11-031174-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=DSp1BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA934. 
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Villars, Pierre; Cenzual, Karin; Gladyshevskii, Roman (2014-12-17) (in en). Handbook of Inorganic Substances 2015. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 924. ISBN 978-3-11-031174-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=DSp1BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA924. 
  17. ↑ Hinz, D. J.; Meyer, G. (1995-12-01). Hinz, D. J.; Meyer, G.. eds. "Crystal structure of caesium yttrium carbide iodide (1-10-4-18), Cs[Y 10 (C 2 ) 2 I 18"] (in en). Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials 210 (12): 958. doi:10.1524/zkri.1995.210.12.958. ISSN 2194-4946. Bibcode: 1995ZK....210..958H. https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1524/zkri.1995.210.12.958/html. 
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Villars, Pierre; Cenzual, Karin; Gladyshevskii, Roman (2014-12-17) (in en). Handbook of Inorganic Substances 2015. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 937. ISBN 978-3-11-031174-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=DSp1BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA937. 
  19. ↑ Payne, Martin W.; Corbett, John D. (February 1993). "The Synthesis and Structure of a New Zirconium Iodide Carbide Cluster Phase, Cs2Zr7I18C" (in en). Journal of Solid State Chemistry 102 (2): 553–556. doi:10.1006/jssc.1993.1066. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0022459683710662. 
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 Villars, Pierre; Cenzual, Karin; Gladyshevskii, Roman (2014-12-17) (in en). Handbook of Inorganic Substances 2015. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 362. ISBN 978-3-11-031174-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=DSp1BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA362. 
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 Mattausch, Hansjürgen; Schaloske, Manuel C.; Hoch, Constantin; Zheng, Chong; Simon, Arndt (March 2008). "Seltenerdhalogenide Ln4X5Z. Teil 1: C und/oder C2 in Ln4X5Z" (in de). Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 634 (3): 491–497. doi:10.1002/zaac.200700500. 
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 Mattausch, Hansjürgen; Hoch, Constantin; Simon, Arndt (April 2008). "Das Lanthaniodidethanido-La5I9(C2) – Die orthorhombische Hochtemperaturmodifikation" (in de). Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 634 (4): 641–645. doi:10.1002/zaac.200700477. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.200700477. 
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.3 Mattausch, Hansjürgen; Hoch, Constantin; Simon, Arndt (June 2005). "Drei neue Ethanidiodide des Lanthans: La5I9(C2), La6I10(C2) und La10I15(C2)2" (in de). Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 631 (8): 1423–1429. doi:10.1002/zaac.200500022. ISSN 0044-2313. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.200500022. 
  24. ↑ Mattausch, Hj.; Simon, A. (April 2005). "Crystal structure of dodecalanthanum heptadecaiodide triethanide, La12I17(C2)3". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures 220 (1–4): 319–320. doi:10.1524/ncrs.2005.220.14.319. ISSN 2197-4578. 
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 Mattausch, Hansjürgen; Simon, Arndt; Kienle, Lorenz; Hoch, Constantin; Zheng, Chong; Kremer, Reinhard K. (August 2006). "EYPHKAMEN: Ln-Oktaedertripel in Ln14(C2)3I20 mit Ln = La, Ce" (in de). Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 632 (10–11): 1661–1670. doi:10.1002/zaac.200500493. ISSN 0044-2313. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.200500493. 
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 Villars, Pierre; Cenzual, Karin; Gladyshevskii, Roman (2014-12-17) (in en). Handbook of Inorganic Substances 2015. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 843. ISBN 978-3-11-031174-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=DSp1BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA843. 
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 Mattausch, Hansjürgen; Borrmann, Horst; Eger, Roland; Kremer, R. K.; Simon, Arndt (November 1994). "Gd4I6CN: Ein Carbidnitrid mit Ketten aus Gd6(C2)-Oktaedern und Gd6N2-Tetraederdoppeln" (in de). Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 620 (11): 1889–1897. doi:10.1002/zaac.19946201109. ISSN 0044-2313. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.19946201109. 
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 28.2 Villars, Pierre; Cenzual, Karin; Gladyshevskii, Roman (2014-12-17) (in en). Handbook of Inorganic Substances 2015. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 352. ISBN 978-3-11-031174-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=DSp1BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA352. 
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 29.2 Schaloske, Manuel C.; Kienle, Lorenz; Mattausch, Hansjürgen; Duppel, Viola; Simon, Arndt (September 2011). "Disorder in Rare Earth Metal Halide Carbide Nitrides" (in en). European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 2011 (26): 4049–4056. doi:10.1002/ejic.201100201. ISSN 1434-1948. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ejic.201100201. 
  30. ↑ Meyer, Gerd (February 2008). "Reduced rare-earth iodides without and with carbon" (in en). Journal of Alloys and Compounds 451 (1–2): 666–668. doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.04.083. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S092583880700895X. 
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 Ryazanov, Mikhail; Mattausch, Hansjürgen; Simon, Arndt (April 2007). "The extended chain compounds Ln12(C2)3I17 (Ln=Pr, Nd, Gd, Dy): Synthesis, structure and physical properties" (in en). Journal of Solid State Chemistry 180 (4): 1372–1380. doi:10.1016/j.jssc.2007.01.029. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S002245960700062X. 
  32. ↑ Ahn, K.; Gibson, B.J.; Kremer, R.K.; Simon, A. (2002-12-01). "Magnetic ordering within the layered neodymium carbide iodides, Nd 2 C 2 I 2". Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing 74: s920–s922. doi:10.1007/s003390101164. ISSN 0947-8396. http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s003390101164. 
  33. ↑ Wiglusz, Rafał; Pantenburg, Ingo; Meyer, Gerd (August 2007). "Rb{Pr 6 C 2 }I 12 , an Iodide with a 13-Electron Isolated Octahedral {Pr 6 C 2 } Cluster" (in en). Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 633 (9): 1317–1319. doi:10.1002/zaac.200700081. ISSN 0044-2313. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.200700081. 
  34. ↑ Artelt, Holger M.; Meyer, Gerd (January 1993). "Cs2[Pr6(C2)I12 - das erste quaternäre reduzierte Halogenid mit isolierten [M6(C2)]-Clustern"] (in de). Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 619 (1): 1–6. doi:10.1002/zaac.19936190103. ISSN 0044-2313. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.19936190103. 
  35. ↑ Artelt, Holger M.; Schleid, Thomas; Meyer, Gerd (September 1994). "Cs4[Sc6CCl13 und Cs4[Pr6(C2)]I13 ? zwei Beispiele für das fehlende Bindeglied bei der Verknüpfung der Baueinheiten [M6Z]X12iX6a"] (in de). Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 620 (9): 1521–1526. doi:10.1002/zaac.19946200905. ISSN 0044-2313. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.19946200905. 
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 Villars, Pierre; Cenzual, Karin; Gladyshevskii, Roman (2014-12-17) (in en). Handbook of Inorganic Substances 2015. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 360. ISBN 978-3-11-031174-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=DSp1BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA360. 
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 37.2 37.3 37.4 Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths volume 15. Elsevier. 1991. pp. 195. ISBN 9780444889669. 
  38. ↑ Simon, Arndt (March 1985). "Empty, filled, and condensed metal clusters" (in en). Journal of Solid State Chemistry 57 (1): 2–16. doi:10.1016/S0022-4596(85)80055-4. Bibcode: 1985JSSCh..57....2S. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0022459685800554. 
  39. ↑ Simon, A.; Warkentin, E. (February 1983). "Gd 12 C 6 I 17 - eine Verbindung mit kondensierten, C 2 -gefüllten Gd 6 I 12 -Clustern" (in en). Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 497 (2): 79–92. doi:10.1002/zaac.19834970208. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.19834970208. 
  40. ↑ Schaloske, Manuel C.; Kienle, Lorenz; Duppel, Viola; Mattausch, Hansjürgen; Simon, Arndt (January 2010). "SE 19 (C 2 ) 3 I 34 ( SE = Y, Gd): Verbindungen mit diskreten SE 6 I 12 -Clustern und isolierten SE -Atomen" (in en). Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 636 (1): 188–195. doi:10.1002/zaac.200900483. 
  41. ↑ Ließ, Henning; Meyer, H.-Jürgen; Meyer, Gerd (March 1996). "[Gd4(C2)(Cl, I)6, an Interstitially Stabilized Heteroleptic Gadolinium Sesquihalide"] (in de). Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 622 (3): 494–500. doi:10.1002/zaac.19966220318. ISSN 0044-2313. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.19966220318. 
  42. ↑ Ahn, K; Gibson, B.J; Kremer, R.K; Mattausch, Hj; Keller, L; Simon, A (July 2001). "Magnetic ordering within the layered terbium carbide iodide, Tb2C2I2" (in en). Journal of Alloys and Compounds 323-324: 400–403. doi:10.1016/S0925-8388(01)01096-9. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0925838801010969. 
  43. ↑ 43.0 43.1 43.2 43.3 Villars, Pierre; Cenzual, Karin; Gladyshevskii, Roman (2014-12-17) (in en). Handbook of Inorganic Substances 2015. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 357. ISBN 978-3-11-031174-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=DSp1BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA357. 
  44. ↑ 44.0 44.1 Daub, Kathrin; Meyer, Gerd (September 2010). "Isolated and Edge-Connected Tetramers {(C2)2O2Dy14} in the Crystal Structures of {(C2)2O2Dy14}I24 and {(C2)2O2Dy12}I18" (in en). Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 636 (9–10): 1716–1719. doi:10.1002/zaac.201000128. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.201000128. 
  45. ↑ 45.0 45.1 Villars, Pierre; Cenzual, Karin; Gladyshevskii, Roman (2014-12-17) (in en). Handbook of Inorganic Substances 2015. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 947. ISBN 978-3-11-031174-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=DSp1BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA947. 
  46. ↑ Villars, Pierre; Cenzual, Karin; Gladyshevskii, Roman (2014-12-17) (in en). Handbook of Inorganic Substances 2015. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 938. ISBN 978-3-11-031174-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=DSp1BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA938. 
  47. ↑ 47.0 47.1 Artelt, Holger M.; Meyer, Gerd (1992). "Synthesis and crystal structures of two new reduced iodides of erbium with isolated monomeric and dimeric clusters, Cs[Er6CI12 and Cs[Er10(C2)2]I18"] (in en). Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications (18): 1320–1321. doi:10.1039/c39920001320. ISSN 0022-4936. http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=c39920001320. 
  48. ↑ Steffen, Frank; Meyer, Gerd (1995-10-01). "[Er 14 (C 2 ) 2 (N) 2 ]l 24 – ein Iodid mit einem oligomeren, heterointerstitiellen Cluster / [Er 14 (C 2 ) 2 (N) 2 ]l 24 – an Iodide with an Oligomeric, Heterointerstitial Cluster" (in en). Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 50 (10): 1570–1574. doi:10.1515/znb-1995-1024. ISSN 1865-7117. 
HI He
LiI BeI2 BI3 CI4 NI3 I2O4,
I2O5,
I4O9 		IF,
IF3,
IF5,
IF7 		Ne
NaI MgI2 AlI3 SiI4 PI3,
P2I4 		S ICl,
ICl3 		Ar
KI CaI2 Sc TiI4 VI3 CrI3 MnI2 FeI2 CoI2 NiI2 CuI ZnI2 Ga2I6 GeI2,
GeI4 		AsI3 Se IBr Kr
RbI SrI2 YI3 ZrI4 NbI5 Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd AgI CdI2 InI3 SnI4,
SnI2 		SbI3 TeI4 I Xe
CsI BaI2   HfI4 TaI5 W Re Os Ir Pt AuI Hg2I2,
HgI2 		TlI PbI2 BiI3 Po AtI Rn
Fr RaI2   Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
↓
La Ce Pr Nd Pm SmI2 Eu Gd TbI3 Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
Ac ThI4 Pa UI3,
UI4 		Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf EsI3 Fm Md No Lr



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