Chemistry:Rubidium iodide
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| Names | |
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| IUPAC name
Rubidium iodide
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Other names
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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PubChem CID
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| Properties | |
| RbI | |
| Molar mass | 212.3723 g/mol |
| Appearance | white solid |
| Density | 3.110 g/cm 3 |
| Melting point | 646.85 °C (1,196.33 °F; 920.00 K) |
| Boiling point | 1,304 °C (2,379 °F; 1,577 K) |
| 152 g/100 mL | |
| −72.2·10−6 cm3/mol | |
Refractive index (nD)
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1.6474[1] |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | External MSDS |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose)
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4708 mg/kg (oral, rat) |
| Thermochemistry[2] | |
Std molar
entropy (S |
118.11 J·K−1·mol−1 |
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−328.7 kJ·mol−1 |
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG˚)
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−325.7 kJ·mol−1 |
| Related compounds | |
Other anions
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Rubidium fluoride Rubidium chloride Rubidium bromide Rubidium astatide |
Other cations
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Lithium iodide Sodium iodide Potassium iodide Caesium iodide Francium iodide |
Related compounds
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
 verify (what is   ?)
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| Infobox references | |
Rubidium iodide, more specifically rubidium monoiodide, is a salt of rubidium and iodine, with the chemical formula RbI. It is a white solid with a melting point of 646.85 °C.
Properties
Rubidium iodide forms colorless crystals, and has a red-violet flame color.
It is easily soluble in water, liquid ammonia, sulfuric acid, RbI·6NH3 and RbI·3SO2. Rubidium iodide is soluble only in the following solvents:
| Solvent | 0 °C | 25 °C |
|---|---|---|
| Acetonitrile | 1.478 | 1.350 |
| Propionitrile | 0.274 | 0.305 |
| Nitromethane | 0.567 | 0.518 |
| Acetone | 0.960 | 0.674 |
| Furfural | 4,930 |
Structure
Rubidium iodide has a sodium chloride structure; its lattice constant is a = 7.326 Å, and the Rb–I bond length is 3.66 Å.[4]
Preparation
Rubidium iodide can be synthesized in several ways. One is to use a mixed reaction of rubidium hydroxide and hydriodic acid/hydrogen iodide:[5]
- RbOH + HI → RbI + H
2O
Another method is to neutralize rubidium carbonate with hydriodic acid:[5]
- Rb
2CO
3 + 2HI → 2RbI + H
2O + CO
2
Another method is to use rubidium metal to react directly with iodine, but because rubidium metal is very expensive, it is the least commonly used method. In addition, rubidium reacts violently with halogens and burns:[5]
- 2Rb + I
2 → 2RbI
Applications
Rubidium iodide is used as a component of eye drops, in which it is sold in Romania under the name Rubjovit (containing 8 mg/ml RbI).[6] Another product is Polijodurato. However, there are studies that show that rubidium iodide has allergy-triggering[7] and inflammation-causing[8] side effects. Homeopathic products containing rubidium iodide are available under the name Rubidium iodatum. In the past, towards the end of the 19th century, it was used to treat syphilis.[9]
Rubidium iodide has isolated uses in organic synthesis, for example for the targeted saponification of a polymethylated phosphate.[10]
Reactions
Rubidium iodide reacts with halogens to form polyhalides: RbI3, RbICl2, RbICl4.[4]
References
- ↑ Ans, Jan d'; Ans, Jan d' (1998). Elemente, anorganische Verbindungen und Materialien. Taschenbuch für Chemiker und Physiker / D'Ans (4., neubearb. u. rev. Aufl ed.). Location not known: Publisher not known. ISBN 978-3-540-60035-0.
- ↑ Dickerson, Richard E., ed (1988). Prinzipien der Chemie (2., bearb. und erw. Aufl ed.). Berlin: de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-009969-0.
- ↑ Aterton Seidell (1940). Solubilities Of Organic Compounds Vol - I. Carnegie-Mellon University Hunt Library, N.Sathyanarayanan. D.Van Nostrand Co.. http://archive.org/details/solubilitiesofor023311mbp.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 『化学大辞典』 共立出版、1993年
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "WebElements". http://www.webelements.com/webelements/compounds/text/Rb/F1Rb1-13446747.html. Retrieved 23 February 2006.
- ↑ Jurja, Sanda, et al. "Correlation between effectiveness and antioxidant activity of some anti cataract eye drops." Rev Chim (Bucharest) 67 (2016): 1004-1007.
- ↑ "Allergen Rubidium Allergie enthalten Allergologie". http://www.alles-zur-allergologie.de/Allergologie/Artikel/4251/Rubidium/enthalten.html.
- ↑ Cameli, N.; Bardazzi, F.; Morelli, R.; Tosti, A. (Nov 1990). "Contact dermatitis from rubidium iodide in eyedrops" (in en). Contact Dermatitis 23 (5): 377–378. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1990.tb05182.x. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1990.tb05182.x.
- ↑ Paschalis, C.; Jenner, F. A.; Lee, C. R. (May 1978). "Effects of rubidium chloride on the course of manic-depressive illness". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 71 (5): 343–352. doi:10.1177/014107687807100507. ISSN 0141-0768. PMID 349155.
- ↑ Turhanen, Petri A. (2014-07-03). "Synthesis of Triple-Bond-Containing 1-Hydroxy-1,1-bisphosphonic Acid Derivatives To Be Used as Precursors in "Click" Chemistry: Two Examples" (in en). The Journal of Organic Chemistry 79 (13): 6330–6335. doi:10.1021/jo500831r. ISSN 0022-3263. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo500831r.
Bibliography
- CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 77th edition
| HI | He | ||||||||||||||||
| LiI | BeI2 | BI3 | CI4 | NI3 | I2O4, I2O5, I4O9 |
IF, IF3, IF5, IF7 |
Ne | ||||||||||
| NaI | MgI2 | AlI3 | SiI4 | PI3, P2I4 |
S | ICl, ICl3 |
Ar | ||||||||||
| KI | CaI2 | Sc | TiI4 | VI3 | CrI3 | MnI2 | FeI2 | CoI2 | NiI2 | CuI | ZnI2 | Ga2I6 | GeI2, GeI4 |
AsI3 | Se | IBr | Kr |
| RbI | SrI2 | YI3 | ZrI4 | NbI5 | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | AgI | CdI2 | InI3 | SnI4, SnI2 |
SbI3 | TeI4 | I | Xe |
| CsI | BaI2 | HfI4 | TaI5 | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | AuI | Hg2I2, HgI2 |
TlI | PbI2 | BiI3 | Po | AtI | Rn | |
| Fr | RaI2 | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og | |
| ↓ | |||||||||||||||||
| La | Ce | Pr | Nd | Pm | SmI2 | Eu | Gd | TbI3 | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | |||
| Ac | ThI4 | Pa | UI3, UI4 |
Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | EsI3 | Fm | Md | No | Lr | |||
 |  |
