Chemistry:Zirconium(III) iodide
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| Names | |
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| IUPAC name
Zirconium triiodide
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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PubChem CID
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| Properties | |
| I3Zr | |
| Molar mass | 471.937 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | dark blue crystals[1] |
| Melting point | 727 °C (1,341 °F; 1,000 K) |
| Structure | |
| Orthorhombic | |
| Pmmn, No. 59 | |
a = 12.594 Å, b = 6.679 Å, c = 7.292 Å
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| Related compounds | |
Other anions
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Zirconium(III) chloride Zirconium(III) bromide |
Other cations
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Titanium(III) iodide Hafnium(III) iodide |
Related compounds
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Zirconium(IV) iodide |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Zirconium(III) iodide is an inorganic compound with the formula ZrI3.
Preparation
Like other group 4 trihalides, zirconium(III) iodide can be prepared from zirconium(IV) iodide by high-temperature reduction with zirconium metal, although incomplete reaction and contamination of the product with excess metal often occurs.[2]
- 3 ZrI4 + Zr → 4 ZrI3
An alternative is to crystallise zirconium(III) iodide from a solution of zirconium(III) in aluminium triiodide. The solution is prepared by reducing a eutectic solution of ZrI4 in liquid AlI3 at a temperature of 280–300 °C with metallic zirconium or aluminium.[3][4]
Structure and bonding
Zirconium(III) iodide has a lower magnetic moment than is expected for the d1 metal ion Zr3+, indicating non-negligible Zr–Zr bonding.[2]
The crystal structure of zirconium(III) iodide is based on hexagonal close packing of iodide ions with one third of the octahedral interstices occupied by Zr3+ ions.[2] The structure consists of parallel chains of face-sharing {ZrI6} octahedra[5] with unequally spaced metal atoms. The Zr–Zr separation alternates between 3.17 Å and 3.51 Å.[6]
ZrCl3, ZrBr3 and ZrI3 adopt structures very similar to the β-TiCl3 structure.[2] In all three ZrX3 there is some elongation of the octahedra along the metal-metal axis, partly due to metal-metal repulsion,[4] but the elongation is most pronounced in the chloride, moderate in the bromide and negligible in the iodide.[4]
References
- ↑ William M. Haynes, ed (2013). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (94th ed.). CRC Press. p. 4-101. ISBN 978-1466571143.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 965. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
- ↑ Larsen, E. M.; Moyer, James W.; Gil-Arnao, Francisco; Camp, Michael J. (1974). "Synthesis of crystalline zirconium trihalides by reduction of tetrahalides in molten aluminum halides. Nonreduction of hafnium". Inorg. Chem. 13 (3): 574–581. doi:10.1021/ic50133a015.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Larsen, Edwin M.; Wrazel, Julie S.; Hoard, Laurence G. (1982). "Single-crystal structures of ZrX3 (X = Cl−, Br−, I−) and ZrI3.40 synthesized in low-temperature aluminum halide melts". Inorg. Chem. 21 (7): 2619–2624. doi:10.1021/ic00137a018.
- ↑ Wells, A. F. (1984). Structural Inorganic Chemistry (5th ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 418–419. ISBN 978-0-19-965763-6.
- ↑ Lachgar, Abdessadek; Dudis, Douglas S.; Corbett, John D. (1990). "Revision of the structure of zirconium triiodide. The presence of metal dimers". Inorg. Chem. 29 (12): 2242–2246. doi:10.1021/ic00337a013.
| HI | He | ||||||||||||||||
| LiI | BeI2 | BI3 | CI4 | NI3 | I2O4, I2O5, I4O9 |
IF, IF3, IF5, IF7 |
Ne | ||||||||||
| NaI | MgI2 | AlI3 | SiI4 | PI3, P2I4 |
S | ICl, ICl3 |
Ar | ||||||||||
| KI | CaI2 | Sc | TiI4 | VI3 | CrI3 | MnI2 | FeI2 | CoI2 | NiI2 | CuI | ZnI2 | Ga2I6 | GeI2, GeI4 |
AsI3 | Se | IBr | Kr |
| RbI | SrI2 | YI3 | ZrI4 | NbI5 | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | AgI | CdI2 | InI3 | SnI4, SnI2 |
SbI3 | TeI4 | I | Xe |
| CsI | BaI2 | HfI4 | TaI5 | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | AuI | Hg2I2, HgI2 |
TlI | PbI2 | BiI3 | Po | AtI | Rn | |
| Fr | RaI2 | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og | |
| ↓ | |||||||||||||||||
| La | Ce | Pr | Nd | Pm | SmI2 | Eu | Gd | TbI3 | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | |||
| Ac | ThI4 | Pa | UI3, UI4 |
Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | EsI3 | Fm | Md | No | Lr | |||
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