Biology:miR-218 microRNA precursor family
| mir-218 microRNA precursor family | |
|---|---|
 Predicted secondary structure and sequence conservation of mir-218 | |
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | mir-218 |
| Rfam | RF00255 |
| miRBase | MI0000294 |
| miRBase family | MIPF0000026 |
| Other data | |
| RNA type | Gene; miRNA |
| Domain(s) | Eukaryota |
| GO | 0035195 0035068 |
| SO | 0001244 |
| PDB structures | PDBe |
miR-218 microRNA precursor is a small non-coding RNA that regulates gene expression by antisense binding.
miR-218 appears to be a vertebrate specific microRNA and has now been predicted and experimentally confirmed in a wide range of vertebrate species.[1] The extents of the hairpin precursors are not known. In this case the mature sequence in excised from the 5'arm of the hairpin.
miR-218 is specifically expressed by mammalian motor neurons during embryonic development into adulthood, and motor neurons lacking expression of miR-218 exhibit hyperexcitability, neuromuscular junction failure, and neurodegeneration, as demonstrated by knockout mouse models.[2]
The involvement of miR-218 in cancer has also been investigated. miR-218, along with miR-585, has been found to be silenced by DNA methylation in oral squamous cell carcinoma.[3] It is also downregulated in Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, with artificially-induced expression serving to slow tumour growth.[4] miR-218 has also been found to have tumour suppressing qualities in bladder cancer cells.[5] miR-218 expression was associated with overall survival in breast cancer datasets.[6]
References
- ↑ "miRNA gene family: mir-218". mirBASE. The University of Manchester. http://microrna.sanger.ac.uk/cgi-bin/sequences/mirna_summary.pl?fam=MIPF0000026.
- ↑ "Loss of motoneuron-specific microRNA-218 causes systemic neuromuscular failure". Science 350 (6267): 1525–9. December 2015. doi:10.1126/science.aad2509. PMID 26680198. Bibcode: 2015Sci...350.1525A.
- ↑ "The tumor suppressive microRNA miR-218 targets the mTOR component Rictor and inhibits AKT phosphorylation in oral cancer". Cancer Research 71 (17): 5765–78. September 2011. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-0368. PMID 21795477.
- ↑ "MiR-218 suppresses nasopharyngeal cancer progression through downregulation of survivin and the SLIT2-ROBO1 pathway". Cancer Research 71 (6): 2381–91. March 2011. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-2754. PMID 21385904.
- ↑ "miR-218 on the genomic loss region of chromosome 4p15.31 functions as a tumor suppressor in bladder cancer". International Journal of Oncology 39 (1): 13–21. July 2011. doi:10.3892/ijo.2011.1012. PMID 21519788.
- ↑ "miRpower: a web-tool to validate survival-associated miRNAs utilizing expression data from 2178 breast cancer patients". Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 160 (3): 439–446. December 2016. doi:10.1007/s10549-016-4013-7. PMID 27744485.
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