Biology:mir-221 microRNA

From HandWiki
mir-221
Conserved secondary structure of mir-221
Identifiers
Symbolmir-221
RfamRF00651
miRBase familyMIPF0000051
HGNC31601
OMIM300568
Other data
RNA typemicroRNA
Domain(s)Eukaryota; Vertebrata;
PDB structuresPDBe

In molecular biology, mir-221 microRNA (and its paralogue, mir-222) is a short RNA molecule. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms.

mir-221 is an oncogenic microRNA.[1] It targets CD117, which then prevents cell migration and proliferation in endothelial cells.[2][3] miR-221 is known as an anti angiogenic miRNA.[4][5] Recent important studies have reported that miR-221 is also involved in induction of angiogenesis.[6][7][8] RNA induced Silencing Complex (RISC) proteins SND1 and AEG-1 induces miR-221 expression in Liver cancer.[9] In liver cancer miR-221 induces the tumor angiogenesis.[6] miR-221 detection in human faeces can be a non-invasive screening marker for colorectal cancer.[10]

miR-221 has been identified as playing a role in androgenetic alopecia.[11]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Pang, Y; Young, CY; Yuan, H (15 June 2010). "MicroRNAs and prostate cancer.". Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 42 (6): 363–369. doi:10.1093/abbs/gmq038. PMID 20539944. 
  2. ↑ Urbich, C; Kuehbacher, A; Dimmeler, S (1 September 2008). "Role of microRNAs in vascular diseases, inflammation, and angiogenesis". Cardiovascular Research 79 (4): 581–588. doi:10.1093/cvr/cvn156. PMID 18550634. 
  3. ↑ Vasilatou, D; Papageorgiou, S; Pappa, V; Papageorgiou, E; Dervenoulas, J (1 January 2010). "The role of microRNAs in normal and malignant hematopoiesis". European Journal of Haematology 84 (1): 1–16. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0609.2009.01348.x. PMID 19744129. 
  4. ↑ "Targeting microRNA expression to regulate angiogenesis". Trends Pharmacol Sci 29 (1): 12–15. 2008. doi:10.1016/j.tips.2007.10.014. PMID 18068232. 
  5. ↑ "Role of microRNAs in vascular diseases, inflammation, and angiogenesis". Cardiovasc Res 79 (4): 581–588. 2008. doi:10.1093/cvr/cvn156. PMID 18550634. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Multifunction protein staphylococcal nuclease domain containing 1 (SND1) promotes tumor angiogenesis in human hepatocellular carcinoma through novel pathway that involves nuclear factor κB and miR-221". J Biol Chem 287 (17): 13952–13958. 2012. doi:10.1074/jbc.M111.321646. PMID 22396537. 
  7. ↑ "miR-221 is required for endothelial tip cell behaviors during vascular development". Dev Cell 22 (2): 418–429. 2012. doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2012.01.008. PMID 22340502. 
  8. ↑ Le Bot, Nathalie (2 April 2012). "MicroRNAs in angiogenesis". Nat. Cell Biol. 14 (4): 342. doi:10.1038/ncb2484. 
  9. ↑ "Increased RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) activity contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma". Hepatology 53 (5): 1538–1548. 2011. doi:10.1002/hep.24216. PMID 21520169. 
  10. ↑ Yau, T. O.; Wu, C. W.; Dong, Y.; Tang, C.-M.; Ng, S. S. M.; Chan, F. K. L.; Sung, J. J. Y.; Yu, J. (2014-10-28). "microRNA-221 and microRNA-18a identification in stool as potential biomarkers for the non-invasive diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma". British Journal of Cancer 111 (9): 1765–1771. doi:10.1038/bjc.2014.484. ISSN 0007-0920. PMID 25233396. 
  11. ↑ Li K, Sun Y, Liu S, Zhou Y, Qu Q, Wang G, Wang J, Chen R, Fan Z, Liu B, Li Y, Mao X, Hu Z, Miao Y. The AR/miR-221/IGF-1 pathway mediates the pathogenesis of androgenetic alopecia. Int J Biol Sci. 2023 Jun 26;19(11):3307-3323. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.80481. PMID: 37496996; PMCID: PMC10367565.

Further reading



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