Chemistry:Osmium iodides
Osmium iodide refers to compounds of osmium with the formula OsIn. Several have been mentioned in the literature, but only the triiodide has been verified by X-ray crystallography.[1][2]
Osmium(I) iodide
Osmium(I) iodide is the iodide of osmium with the formula OsI. It is a metallic grey solid produced by the reaction of osmium tetroxide and hydroiodic acid heated in a water bath for 48 hours in a carbon dioxide atmosphere. This compound is amorphous.[2]
Osmium(II) iodide
2•2HI
Osmium(II) iodide is the iodide of osmium with the formula OsI2. It is a black solid[3] produced by the reaction of osmium tetroxide and hydroiodic acid at 250 °C in nitrogen:[2]
- OsO4 + HI → OsI2 + H2O
This compound decomposes in contact with water.[3]
When a solution of osmium tetroxide in hydrochloric acid is reduced with potassium iodide, so-called osmium hydroiodide (OsI
2•2HI) is formed,[4][5] which possesses a strong green color. It reacts with oxidizers such as hypoiodites to yield osmates.
- OsO
4 + 10HCl + 10KI → OsI
2•2HI + 4H
2O + 10KCl + 3I
2
- OsO
Osmium(III) iodide
Osmium(III) iodide is the iodide of osmium with the formula OsI3. This black solid is produced by heating hexaiodoosmic acid(H2OsI6).[2] This compound is insoluble in water.[3]
Osmium(IV) iodide
What was claimed to be osmium(IV) iodide was produced by the reaction of osmic acid (OsO2•2H2O) and hydroiodic acid.[6] However on attempted reproduction, this substance was found to be dihydroxonium hexaiodoosmate ((H3O+)2OsI62–). When heated this did not form a tetraiodo compound, and instead formed mono, di, and tri-iodo osmium compounds.[2]
References
- ↑ Köhler, J. (2014). "Halides: Solid-State Chemistry". Encyclopedia of Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry. pp. 1–22. doi:10.1002/9781119951438.eibc0078.pub2. ISBN 9781119951438.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Fergusson, J. E.; Robinson, B. H.; Roper, W. R. (1962). "405. Iodides of osmium and rhenium". Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed): 2113. doi:10.1039/JR9620002113.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 George K. Schweitzer; Lester L. Pesterfield (2009) (in en) (Ebook). The Aqueous Chemistry of the Elements. Oxford University Press. p. 321. ISBN 9780199742196. https://books.google.com/books?id=-TNhhlGcCzwC. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
- ↑ J. Newton Friend (1920). "Osmium and its compounds". A textbook of inorganic chemistry, vol.IX Part I Cobalt, Nickel, and The Elements of The Platinum Group. London: Charles Griffin and Company, Limited. pp. 218. https://dn790003.ca.archive.org/0/items/textbookinorgani00libg_516/textbookinorgani00libg_516.pdf. Retrieved 17 June 2025.
- ↑ Prakash Satya (2013). "Platinum Metals-IV:Osmium". Advanced Chemistry of Rare Elements, 5th Ed.. India: S Chand and Company Limited. pp. 610. https://books.google.com/books?id=WB_4DwAAQBAJ&dq=osmium+tetrasulfide+OsS4&pg=PA610#v=onepage&q&f=false. Retrieved 24 July 2025.
- ↑ "The Chemistry of Osmium". the Sciences (Scientific American) 35 (904supp): pp. 14453–14454. 1893. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican04291893-14453supp.
| HI | He | ||||||||||||||||
| LiI | BeI2 | BI3 | CI4 | NI3 | I2O4, I2O5, I4O9 |
IF, IF3, IF5, IF7 |
Ne | ||||||||||
| NaI | MgI2 | AlI3 | SiI4 | PI3, P2I4 |
S | ICl, ICl3 |
Ar | ||||||||||
| KI | CaI2 | Sc | TiI4 | VI3 | CrI3 | MnI2 | FeI2 | CoI2 | NiI2 | CuI | ZnI2 | Ga2I6 | GeI2, GeI4 |
AsI3 | Se | IBr | Kr |
| RbI | SrI2 | YI3 | ZrI4 | NbI5 | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | AgI | CdI2 | InI3 | SnI4, SnI2 |
SbI3 | TeI4 | I | Xe |
| CsI | BaI2 | HfI4 | TaI5 | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | AuI | Hg2I2, HgI2 |
TlI | PbI2 | BiI3 | Po | AtI | Rn | |
| Fr | RaI2 | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og | |
| ↓ | |||||||||||||||||
| La | Ce | Pr | Nd | Pm | SmI2 | Eu | Gd | TbI3 | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | |||
| Ac | ThI4 | Pa | UI3, UI4 |
Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | EsI3 | Fm | Md | No | Lr | |||
 |  |
