Help:IPA/Sardinian
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Short description: Wikipedia key to pronunciation
 | This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Sardinian on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Sardinian in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or its value without establishing consensus on the talk page first. |
The charts below show how the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Sardinian language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see {{IPA-sc}} and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
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Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Phonemic /b/, /d/, /ɡ/ between vowels are usually realized as [β], [ð], [ɣ], and sometimes even omitted. Omission does not normally occur when those are the realizations for phonemic /p/, /t/, /θ/, /k/.
- ↑ After a vowel it is a double voiced retroflex stop, represented by [ɖɖ] or [ɖː].
- ↑ Usually, /k/ is written down following either the Italian style (by using ⟨ch⟩ before e and i: e.g. anchilla, chelu, chena, chi, etc.), the Byzantine style (by using ⟨k⟩: e.g. ankilla, kelu, kena, ki, etc.) or (now rare) the Spanish style (by using ⟨qu⟩ before e and i: e.g. anquilla, quelu, quena, qui, etc.)
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Nasal consonants always assimilate their place of articulation to that of the following consonant. Thus, the n in /nɡ/~/nk/ is velar [ŋ], but before /v/ or /f/, it is labiodental [ɱ]. It is [m] only before /p/, /b/ or /m/ and [ɳ] before /ɖ/.
- ↑ Glottal stops usually occur for intervocalic /k/ in some dialects of Barbagia, and for intervocalic /l/ and /n/ in some dialects of Sarrabus.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 [ɛ] and [ɔ] occur in stressed position if the following syllable does not contain /i/ (unless it is a development of /e/), /u/, or a palatal.
- ↑ One of the cases in which the grapheme ⟨j⟩ does not represent the sound [ʒ].
- ↑ A rare case, using the grapheme ⟨i⟩, normally representing a full vowel /i/.
- ↑ Phonetically transcribed as [saɾˈdinja], as opposed to Sardigna in Logudorese, transcribed as [saɾˈdiɲɲa]. In Campidanese this semivowel is more usual.
Further reading
- Wagner, Max Leopold (1989) (in Italian). Dizionario Etimologico Sardo. Trois.
- Blasco Ferrer, Eduardo (1994) (in Italian). ELLO ELLUS, grammatica della lingua sarda. Nuoro (Sardinia): Poliedro Edizioni.
- Blasco Ferrer, Eduardo (2007). Sardo e italiano a confronto. CUEC.
- Mura, Riccardo; Virdis, Maurizio (2015) (in Italian). Caratteri e strutture fonetiche, fonologiche e prosodiche della lingua sarda. Il sintetizzatore vocale SINTESA. Condaghes.
- Puddu, Mario (2015) (in Sardinian). Ditzionàriu de sa limba e de sa cultura sarda. Condaghes.
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