Short description: Wikipedia key to pronunciation
 | This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Navajo on Wikipedia.It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Navajo in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or its value without establishing consensus on the talk page first. | |
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Navajo language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see {{IPA-nv}} and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
See Navajo phonology for a more thorough discussion of the sounds of Navajo.
Consonants
| IPA |
Orthography |
English approximation
|
| ʔ
|
’
|
the catch in uh-oh
|
| p
|
b
|
spill[1]
|
| tʃʰ
|
ch
|
child
|
| tʃʼ
|
ch'
|
a glottalized version of ch
|
| t
|
d
|
stay[2]
|
| tɬ
|
dl
|
somewhat like atlas
|
| ts
|
dz
|
cats
|
| k
|
g
|
skate[3]
|
| ɰ
|
gh
|
no English equivalent
|
| h
|
h
|
he[4]
|
| hʷ
|
hw
|
blowing out a candle, or as in which
|
| tʃ
|
j
|
teacher
|
| kʰ
|
k
|
king
|
| kʼ
|
k'
|
somewhat like bike, with glottalization
|
| kʷʼ
|
kw'
|
liquid with glottalization
|
| l
|
l
|
lake
|
| ɬ
|
ł
|
no English equivalent
|
| m
|
m
|
man
|
| n
|
n
|
nice
|
| s
|
s
|
sad
|
| ʃ
|
sh
|
shell
|
| tʰ
|
t
|
"t" in tie
|
| tʼ
|
t'
|
somewhat like right with glottalization
|
| tɬʰ
|
tł
|
no English equivalent
|
| tɬʼ
|
tł'
|
no English equivalent
|
| tsʰ
|
ts
|
cats with aspiration
|
| tsʼ
|
ts'
|
somewhat like cats with glottalization
|
| w
|
w
|
was
|
| j
|
y
|
yellow
|
| z
|
z
|
was
|
| ʒ
|
zh
|
garage, pleasure
|
|
Oral vowels
| IPA |
Orthography |
English approximation
|
| a˩
|
a
|
somewhat like bra with low tone
|
| a˥
|
á
|
somewhat like bra with high tone
|
| aː˩
|
aa
|
long "a" in bra with low tone
|
| aː˥
|
áá
|
long "a" in bra with high tone
|
| e˩
|
e
|
met with low tone
|
| e˥
|
é
|
met with high tone
|
| eː˩
|
ee
|
long "e" in met with low tone
|
| eː˥
|
éé
|
long "e" in met with high tone
|
| i˩
|
i[5]
|
see with low tone
|
| i˥
|
í
|
see with high tone
|
| iː˩
|
ii
|
long "ee" in see with low tone
|
| iː˥
|
íí
|
long "ee" in seet with high tone
|
| o˩
|
o
|
somewhat like go[6] with low tone
|
| o˥
|
ó
|
somewhat like go with high tone
|
| oː˩
|
oo
|
long "o" with low tone
|
| oː˥
|
óó
|
long "o" with high tone
|
|
Nasal vowels
| IPA |
Orthography |
English approximation
|
| ã˩
|
ą
|
nasal "a" for bra with low tone
|
| ã˥
|
ą́
|
nasal "a" for bra with high tone
|
| ãː˩
|
ąą
|
long nasal "a" for bra with low tone
|
| ãː˥
|
ą́ą́
|
long nasal "a" for bra with high tone
|
| ẽ˩
|
ę
|
nasal "e" for met with low tone
|
| ẽ˥
|
ę́
|
nasal "e" for met with high tone
|
| ẽː˩
|
ęę
|
long nasal "e" for met with low tone
|
| ẽː˥
|
ę́ę́
|
long nasal "e" for met with high tone
|
| ĩ˩
|
į
|
nasal "ee" for see with low tone
|
| ĩ˥
|
į́
|
nasal "ee" for see with high tone
|
| ĩː˩
|
įį
|
long nasal "ee" for see with low tone
|
| ĩː˥
|
į́į́
|
long nasal "ee" for see with high tone
|
| õ˩
|
ǫ
|
nasal "oa" for coat with low tone
|
| õ˥
|
ǫ́
|
nasal "oa" for coat with high tone
|
| õː˩
|
ǫǫ
|
long nasal "oa" for coat with low tone
|
| õː˥
|
ǫ́ǫ́
|
long nasal "oa" for coat with high tone
|
|
Notes
- ↑ "Native Languages" website
- ↑ "Native Languages" website
- ↑ "Native Languages" website
- ↑ "Native Languages" says it can be realized also as the raspy x, somewhat like the "h" in he.
- ↑ "Native Languages" says it can be realized also as the "i" in sit (ɪ.
- ↑ The Navajo /o/ is identical to no English vowel, but the nearest equivalents are the vowel of coat (for most English dialects) and the vowel of saw.
References
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| Comparisons | |
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| Introductory guides | |
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 | Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navajo. Read more |
