Help:IPA/Sanskrit

Short description: Wikipedia key to pronunciation

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Vedic and Classical Sanskrit pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see {{IPA-sa}} and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

See shiksha for a more thorough discussion of the sounds of Sanskrit.

Key

Consonants IPA Nagari IAST English approximation b ब b about bʱ भ bh abhor ɕ श ś sheep d द d roughly like do dʱ ध dh roughly like old house ɖ ड ḍ roughly like North American board ɖʱ ढ ḍh roughly like North American birdhouse ɡ ग g again ɡʱ घ gh doghouse ɦ ह h ahead j य y yak dʑ ज j roughly like juice dʑʱ झ jh roughly like hedgehog ɟɲ ज्ञ jñ roughly like argue k क k skin kʰ ख kh kin l ल l leaf m म m much n न n tenth ɲ ञ ñ canyon ɳ ण ṇ roughly like burnt ŋ ङ ṅ bank p प p span pʰ फ ph pan r र r Indian roti s स s soup ʂ ष ṣ Somewhat like North American worship t त t Somewhat like stable tʰ थ th Somewhat like table ʈ ट ṭ stable ʈʰ ठ ṭh table tɕ च c Somewhat like chew tɕʰ छ ch chew ʋ व v between wine and vine

Vowels IPA Nagari IAST English approximation ɐ अ, प a comma aː आ, पा ā bra ɪ इ, पि i sit iː ई, पी ī feet ʊ उ, पु u look uː ऊ, पू ū loot eː ए, पे e wait aːi̯ ऐ, पै ai hi oː ओ, पो o old aːu̯ औ, पौ au h'ow Syllabic Consonants r̩ ऋ, पृ ṛ bird r̩ː ॠ, पॄ ṝ longer ṛ l̩ː ऌ, पॢ ḷ bottle Vowel Diacritics ◌̃ ँ ◌̃/m̐ nasal vowel [ɐ̃], [ãː], [õː], etc.) h ः ḥ head Suprasegmentals IPA Nagari IAST English equivalent ˈ◌ stress (placed before stressed syllable)

See also

• IPA chart (vowels and consonants) - 2015. (pdf file)

References

• Zieba, Maciej; Stiehl, Ulrich (June 9, 2002). "The Original Pronunciation of Sanskrit". Ulrich Stiehl. http://www.sanskritweb.net/deutsch/ipa_sans.pdf. Retrieved 27 September 2011.