Help:IPA/Neapolitan

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Short description: Wikipedia key to pronunciation

The charts below show how the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Neapolitan language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see {{IPA-nap}} and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

Consonants[1]
IPA Examples English approximation
b banca, campagna, abbrile[2][3] bike
d dint’â casa, verde[3] done
dz pensiero, canzone, cazetta[3][4][5] dads
maggìa, Francia[2][3] jab
f fatto, fernuto fast
ɡ[6] gatto, negro, manco[3] gas
ɡj[6] ɟ[7] agghiaià, banchiero[3] ague
ʝ famiglia, guaglione[2] roughly like yes, but stronger, or ague
k puorco, quanno scar
kj c[7] chiesa, muschià masculine
l auciello, luglio lip or feel
m maggìa, ammore[8] mother
ɱ infierno[8] symphony
n monte, pensiero[8] nest
ŋ songo, cinco[8] singing
ɲ cugnato, ogne[2] roughly like canyon
p primmo, coppia spin
r grotta, sciore, camorra trilled r
s sano, presenza, stato[5] sorry
ʃ rascia, pesce, scarparo[2][5] ship
t tanto, rete, fatto star
ts zùccaro, miezzo, pazienza[4] cats
auciello, cerasa, faccia somewhat between watch and wash[9]
v vufero, spavetto, vraccio vent
z snodo, sdignata[5] zipper
ʒ sbagliato, sveglia[5] vision
Semivowels[10]
IPA Examples English approximation
j iennaro/jennaro, auciello, cchiù, paisano you
w fuoco, guaglione, caulo wine
Vowels
IPA Examples English approximation
Short vowels
a æ[7] sciaurato, campagna manner
e viento, pecché roughly like pay, but shorter
ɛ spavetto, dente[11] bed
ə nùmmero, coppia, pecché[12] again
i primmo, insieme see, but shorter
o compongo, coppia law (RP), but shorter
ɔ còmmodo, Maronna[11] off
u urdemo, nùmmero, Napule tool, but shorter
Long vowels[13]
ɑː ɐː
æː
[7]
sciaurato, Napule father or bad
ej
ɛj
æɨ
[7]
insieme, peso late
ɛː scena, vero bear (RP) or late
tipo, zie see
ow
ɔw
əʉ
[7]
ammore, dint’ô sciore law (RP) or low
ɔː soje, cose dog or low
ajute, fernuto tool
Other vowels
ɨ[7] [examples needed] roses
Suprasegmentals
IPA Examples Explanation
ˈ cozze [ˈkɔttsə] primary stress
ˌ lievemente [ˌljevəˈmɛndə] secondary stress
. diamante [di.aˈmandə] syllable break

Notes

  1. If a consonant is doubled after a vowel, it is geminated; all consonants can be geminated except for /z/ and /ʒ/. In IPA, gemination can be represented either by doubling the consonant (fatto [ˈfattə], miezzo [ˈmjettsə]) or by the length marker Template:IPAalink. Neapolitan, like standard Italian, also has a sandhi phenomenon called syntactic gemination, usually represented graphically: e.g. è ssoje [ˌɛ sˈsɔːjə].
  2. Jump up to: 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 /b/, /dʒ/, /ʝ/, /ɲ/ and /ʃ/ are always geminated after a vowel.
  3. Jump up to: 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 After a nasal, /c/, /p/, /t/, /tʃ/, /k/ and /ts/ are replaced by their voiced counterparts [ɟ], [b], [d], [dʒ], [ɡ], [dz].
  4. Jump up to: 4.0 4.1 When not preceded by ⟨n⟩, ⟨z⟩ can represent either /dz/ or /ts/, according to the cases.
  5. Jump up to: 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 ⟨s⟩ is pronounced:
    • /s/ when geminated or when not preceded by ⟨n⟩ and followed by ⟨t⟩, a vowel or a semivowel;
    • /ʃ/ when followed by any voiceless consonant except ⟨t⟩;
    • /z/ when followed by ⟨n⟩, ⟨d⟩, ⟨r⟩ or ⟨l⟩;
    • /ʒ/ when followed by any voiced consonant except ⟨n⟩, ⟨d⟩, ⟨r⟩ or ⟨l⟩;
    • /dz/ when preceded by ⟨n⟩.
  6. Jump up to: 6.0 6.1 If the two characters ⟨ɡ⟩ and ⟨6px⟩ do not match and if the first looks like a ⟨γ⟩, then you have an issue with your default font. See Help:IPA § Rendering issues.
  7. Jump up to: 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 Chiefly occurring in Apulian dialects.
  8. Jump up to: 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Nasals always assimilate their place of articulation to that of the following consonant. Thus, the n in /nɡ/ is a velar [ŋ] and the one in /nf/~/nv/ is a labiodental [ɱ]. A nasal before /b/ and /m/ is always the labial [m].
  9. When not geminated nor following another consonant, /tʃ/ tends to be pronounced [ʃ].
  10. Two diphthongs, uo /wo(ː)/ and ie /je(ː)/, are always stressed, unless they are at the very end of a word.
  11. Jump up to: 11.0 11.1 Open-mid vowels /ɛ ɔ/ can only appear when the syllable is stressed.
  12. After the stressed syllable, /a e o/ change to [ə]. This sound is sometimes also found before the stressed syllable and spelled ⟨e⟩, as is fernì [fərˈni].
  13. Vowels are long when stressed in non-final open syllables: casa [ˈkɑːsə] ~ cassa [ˈkassə], or when compounds of preposition a and an article: a + ’o = ô.