Help:IPA/Khmer

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Short description: Wikipedia key to pronunciation

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Khmer language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see {{IPA-km}} and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

Consonants

Full Subscript Initial Value Final Value[1] Series[2]
ក ្ក k k, ʔ 1
ខ ្ខ kʰ k 1
គ ្គ k k, ʔ 2
ឃ ្ឃ kʰ k 2
ង ្ង ŋ ŋ 2[3]
ច ្ច c c 1
ឆ ្ឆ cʰ none [4] 1
ជ ្ជ c c 2
ឈ ្ឈ cʰ none [4] 2
ញ ្ញ ɲ ɲ 2[3]
ដ ្ដ ɗ t̪ 1
ឋ ្ឋ t̪ʰ t̪ 1
ឌ ្ឌ ɗ t̪ 2
ឍ ្ឍ t̪ʰ t̪ 2
ណ ្ណ n̪ n̪ 1
ត ្ត t̪, ɗ[5] t̪ 1
ថ ្ថ t̪ʰ t̪ 1
ទ ្ទ t̪ t̪ 2
ធ ្ធ t̪ʰ t̪ 2
ន ្ន n̪ n̪ 2[3]
ប ្ប ɓ, p[6] p 1
ផ ្ផ pʰ p 1
ព ្ព p p 2
ភ ្ភ pʰ p 2
ម ្ម m m 2[3]
យ ្យ j j 2[3]
រ ្រ r - , r[7] 2[3]
ល ្ល l̪ l̪ 2[3]
វ ្វ ʋ /ʋ/, /w/ 2[3]
ស ្ស s h 1
ហ ្ហ h none [4] 1
ឡ - l̪ none [4] 1
អ ្អ ʔ none [4] 1


Dependent Vowels

Vowel 1st Series Value 2nd Series Value[2]
ឣ ɑː ɔː
ឤ aː iə
ឣិ eʔ, e, ə iʔ, i, ɨ
ឣី əj iː
ឣឹ ə ɨ
ឣឺ əɨ ɨː
ឣុ o u
ឣូ ou uː
ឣួ uə
ឣូវ əw ɨw
ឣើ aə əː
ឣឿ ɨə
ឣៀ iə
ឣេ ei, ə[8] eː, ɨ[8]
ឣែ ae ɛː
ឣៃ aj ɨj
ឣោ ao oː
អៅ aw ɨw
ឣុំ om um
ឣំ ɑm um
ឣាំ am oə̯m
ឣះ ah eah
ឣិះ eh ih
ឣុះ oh uh
ឣេះ eh ih
ឣោះ ɑh uəh


Independent Vowels

Vowel IPA
ឥ e; i; əi
ឦ ʔəj
ឧ oʔ; uʔ
ឨ (obsolete)
ឩ ʔuː
ឪ ʔɨw
ឫ ʔrɨʔ
ឬ ʔrɨː
ឭ ʔlɨʔ
ឮ ʔlɨː
ឯ ʔae; ʔɛː,ʔeː
ឰ ʔaj
ឱ, ឲ ʔaːo
ឳ ʔaw

Notes

  1. ↑ The stops /p, t, c, k/ have no audible release when occurring as syllable finals, as in Cantonese
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Khmer consonants belong to two classes that dictate the value of dependent vowels.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 Can be changed to 1st series by stacking a ហ above the subscript form. See here for further details.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 never occurs at the end of words
  5. ↑ ត is used by orthographic convention to represent ɗ in disyllabic words whose underlying form is spelled with ត or ថ as opposed to derivatives of bases spelled with ដ, which keep the original ដ for ɗ.
  6. ↑ in certain words of Pali or Sanskrit origin
  7. ↑ final រ is silent (not transcribed) in central dialects of Cambodia and Vietnam, represents a trill in Northern Khmer dialects of Thailand
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 before palatals