Help:IPA/Basque
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Short description: Wikipedia key to pronunciation
 | This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Basque on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Basque in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or its value without establishing consensus on the talk page first. |
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Basque language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see {{IPA-eu}} and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
See Basque dialects for a more thorough discussion of regional variation.
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Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Lenition of /b d g/ occurs in regular speech in most Southern Basque dialects. Hualde (1991:99-100).
- ↑ Silent in Southern Basque dialects.
- ↑ /x/ is frequently heard because of its prevalence in Gipuzkoan, but the realisation of the grapheme j varies depending on dialect and can be [j, ʝ, ɟ, dʒ, ʒ, ʃ, χ]. The last, which resembles Scottish English loch, is typical of Gipuzkoan, and it has extended to eastern varieties of Biscayan and the Sakana variety of the Upper Navarrese. The standard pronunciation ruled by Euskaltzaindia is /j/.
- ↑ The double rr is pronounced as an alveolar trill [r] in Southern Basque dialects but as a guttural [ʁ] in Northern Basque dialects.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Basque contrasts two consonants that sound similar to the /s/ of Englishː /s̺/, which is apical, and /s̻/, which is laminal. /ts̺/ and /ts̻/ are contrasted the same way.
- ↑ The Basque /e/ is different from any English vowel, but it is usually articulated between the vowel of play (for most English dialects) and the vowel of bed.
- ↑ The Basque /o/ is different from any English vowel, but it is usually articulated between the vowel of coat (for most English dialects) and the vowel of raw.
References
- Trask, Larry (1997), The History of Basque, Routledge, ISBN 0-415-13116-2
- Hualde, José Ignacio (1991), Basque Phonology, Routledge, ISBN 0-415-05655-1
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