Engineering:Cessna 404 Titan
| Cessna 404 Titan | |
|---|---|
.jpg) | |
| General information | |
| National origin | United States |
| Manufacturer | Cessna |
| Number built | 396 |
| History | |
| Manufactured | 1976–1982 |
| Introduction date | 1976 |
| First flight | February 26, 1975 |
| Developed from | Cessna 402 |
| Developed into | Reims-Cessna F406 Caravan II Cessna 441 Conquest II |
The Cessna 404 Titan is an American twin-engined, light aircraft built by Cessna Aircraft. It was the company's largest twin piston-engined aircraft at the time of its development in the 1970s. Its US military designation is C-28, and Swedish Air Force designation Tp 87.[1]
Design and development
The Cessna 404 was a development of the Cessna 402 with an enlarged vertical tail and other changes. The prototype first flew on February 26, 1975. It is powered by two 375 hp/280 kW turbocharged Continental Motors GTSIO-520 piston engines. Two versions were offered originally; the Titan Ambassador passenger aircraft for ten passengers, and the Titan Courier utility aircraft for passengers or cargo. By early 1982 seven different variants were available, including a pure cargo version, the Titan Freighter. The Freighter was fitted with a strengthened floor, cargo doors, and its interior walls and ceiling were made from impact-resistant polycarbonate materials to minimize damage in the event of cargo breaking free in-flight.
Variants
- Titan Ambassador – Basic 10-seat passenger aircraft.
- Titan Ambassador II – Ambassador with factory fitted avionics.
- Titan Ambassador III – Ambassador with factory fitted avionics.
- Titan Courier – Convertible passenger/cargo version.
- Titan Courier II – Courier with factory fitted avionics.
- Titan Freighter – Cargo version.
- Titan Freighter II – Freighter with factory fitted avionics.
- C-28A Titan – Designation given to two aircraft purchased by the United States Navy.[2]
Operators
Civilian operators
Australia
- Hinterland Aviation
- Aero Logistics
- East Coast Airlines
- Par Avion
Comoros
- Int'Air Îles
Tanzania
- ZanAir
United States
- Coastal Air
- Flint Air Service
United Kingdom
- Air UK
Military operators
Bahamas
- Royal Bahamas Defence Force[3]
Bolivia
- Bolivian Air Force
Colombia
- Colombian Air Force - 2 used by SATENA.[4]
Dominican Republic
- Dominican Republic Air Force[5]
- File:Flag of Hong Kong 1959.svg Hong Kong
- Royal Hong Kong Auxiliary Air Force – 1 acquired 1979.[6]
Jamaica
- Jamaica Defence Force[7]
Mexico
- Mexican Navy
Nicaragua
Sweden
- Swedish Air Force
- Tanzania
- Tanzania People's Defence Force[10]
- United States
- United States Navy (as the C-28A)
Accidents and incidents
- On July 21, 1980 a Cessna 404 departing the Grand Canyon Airport for Phoenix, Arizona experienced an engine failure on take-off due to foreign material, improper maintenance, and improper procedures. All eight persons aboard (seven passengers and one crew member) were killed.[11]
- On June 27, 1989, a Cessna 404 Titan of Formosa Airlines on its way to Wang-an, Penghu crashed into nearby Cianjhen District streets shortly after takeoff. All 12 people on board were killed; there were no ground casualties.[12]
- On January 22, 1992, a Cessna 404 left the runway and hit a hangar killing the sole occupant. At least 4 aircraft were destroyed.[13]
- On May 10, 1996, a Cessna 404 Titan (registred C-FPVB) on an Aerodat charter flight from Pucallpa to Cuzco dissapeared. All three passengers were Canadians on an oil exploration trip. No traces of the aircraft were found.[14]
- On September 3, 1999, Edinburgh Air Charter Flight 3W had an engine failure shortly after takeoff, tried to return to Glasgow but crashed short of the runway. 8 of the 11 people on board died. The plane was carrying Airtours employees. [15][16]
- On December 26, 2002, a Boeing 737 of TAAG Angola Airlines as Flight 572 collided with a Cessna 404 which took off from Windhoek Eros Airport. The people on board the 737 and the sole pilot of the Cessna survived unharmed.[17]
Specifications (Ambassador I)
Data from Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1980–81[18]
General characteristics
- Crew: 2
- Capacity: 6–8 passengers
- Length: 39 ft 6 1⁄4 in (12.046 m)
- Wingspan: 46 ft 8 1⁄4 in (14.230 m)
- Height: 13 ft 3 in (4.04 m)
- Wing area: 242.0 sq ft (22.48 m2)
- Aspect ratio: 9.0:1
- Empty weight: 4,816 lb (2,185 kg)
- Max takeoff weight: 8,400 lb (3,810 kg)
- Fuel capacity: 340 US gal (280 imp gal; 1,300 L)
Performance
- Maximum speed: 267 mph (430 km/h, 232 kn) at 16,000 ft (4,900 m)
- Cruise speed: 188 mph (302 km/h, 163 kn) (econ cruise) at 20,000 ft (6,100 m)
- Stall speed: 81 mph (130 km/h, 70 kn) flaps down, power off
- Never exceed speed: 274 mph (441 km/h, 238 kn) (Calibrated airspeed)
- Range: 2,120 mi (3,410 km, 1,840 nmi)
- Service ceiling: 26,000 ft (7,900 m)
- Rate of climb: 1,575 ft/min (8.00 m/s)
- Take-off run to 50 ft (15 m): 2,367 ft (721 m)
- Landing run from 50 ft (15 m): 2,130 ft (650 m)
See also
_Cessna_404_Titan_III_and_(VH-ECF)_Cessna_421B_Golden_Eagle_at_Wagga_Wagga_Airport.jpg)
Related development
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era
- Aero Commander 500
- Beechcraft Queen Air
- Britten-Norman BN-2 Islander
- Piper PA-31 Navajo
References
- ↑ Urban Fredriksson (4 October 2006). "Swedish Military Aircraft Designations". https://www.designation-systems.net/non-us/sweden.html.
- ↑ Johnson 2013, p. 375
- ↑ Hagedorn 1993, p. 140
- ↑ Gaines Flight International 6 November 1982, p. 1386
- ↑ Hagedorn 1993, p. 111
- ↑ Air International April 1986, p. 170
- ↑ Hagedorn 1993, p. 138
- ↑ ANUARIO LATINOAMERICANO DE DEFENSA 2020. Grupo Edefa. 2020. p. 176.
- ↑ "FDRA - Fuerza Aérea: Fuerzas Aéreas: Fuerza Aérea - Ejército de Nicaragua". December 2015. https://fdra-aereo.blogspot.com/2015/12/fuerzas-aereas-fuerza-aerea-ejercito-de.html.
- ↑ Gaines Flight International 6 November 1982, p. 1374
- ↑ Summary of NTSB report into the crash of Cessna 404 N2683S retrieved 22 January 2009.
- ↑ Formosa Airlines . Baaa-acro.com.
- ↑ Ranter, Harro. "Accident Cessna 404 Titan D-ICRH, Friday 22 January 1982". https://aviation-safety.net/wikibase/wiki.php?id=156511.
- ↑ "Peru | Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives". https://www.baaa-acro.com/country/peru?page=4.
- ↑ "Eight die in plane crash". BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/scotland/437520.stm. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
- ↑ "Horror of plane crash scene". Herald Scotland. http://www.heraldscotland.com/sport/spl/aberdeen/horror-of-plane-crash-scene-police-officer-tells-fatal-accident-inquiry-of-finding-the-bodies-1.168913. Retrieved 6 February 2015.
- ↑ Incident description for D2-TBD at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 23 June 2011.
- ↑ Taylor 1980, pp. 326–327
- "Always Ready: Hong Kong's Auxiliaries". Air International 30 (4): 168–171, 174. April 1986.
- Hagedorn, Daniel P. (1993). Central American and Caribbean Air Forces. Tonbridge, Kent, UK: Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd. ISBN 0-85130-210-6.
- Gaines, Mike (6 November 1982). "World's Air Forces 1982". Flight International 122 (3835): 1327–1388. https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1982/1982%20-%202495.html.
- The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft (Part Work 1982–1985). Orbis Publishing.
- Johnson, E.R. (2013). American Military Transport Aircraft Since 1925. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. ISBN 978-0786462698.
- Simpson, R.W. (1991). Airlife's General Aviation. Shrewsbury, England: Airlife Publishing. ISBN 1-85310-194-X.
- Taylor, John W. R., ed (1980). Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1980–81. London: Jane's Publishing Company. ISBN 0-7106-0705-9.
External links
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|- | ... | — | — | — | — | — | — |-Old Norse pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Salish pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Basque pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]{{{1}}}data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center; " class="table-na" | UnreleasedNorwegian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}] (aged {{{4}}})Hungarian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Quechua pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Arabic pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Punjabi pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Afrikaans pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Romanian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Hebrew pronunciation: [{{{1}}}][INVALID OR MISSING PARAMETER IN TEMPLATE Cessna 404 Titan]Uto-Aztecan pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Tamil pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Hindustani pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Swedish pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Kazakh pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Lao pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Tibetan pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Khmer pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]data-sort-value="" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center" class="table-na" | —{{{1}}}Welsh pronunciation: [{{{1}}}] Partially doneAthabaskan pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Māori pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]IPA: [{{{1}}}]Bulgarian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Korean pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Icelandic pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Sanskrit pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Bengali pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Indonesian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Serbo-Croatian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]CROSBI {{{1}}} 3 Unconfirmed | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|- | ... | — | — | — | — | — | — |-Old Norse pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Salish pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Basque pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]{{{1}}}data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center; " class="table-na" | UnreleasedNorwegian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}] (aged {{{4}}})Hungarian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Quechua pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Arabic pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Punjabi pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Afrikaans pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Romanian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Hebrew pronunciation: [{{{1}}}][INVALID OR MISSING PARAMETER IN TEMPLATE Cessna 404 Titan]Uto-Aztecan pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Tamil pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Hindustani pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Swedish pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Kazakh pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Lao pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Tibetan pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Khmer pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]data-sort-value="" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center" class="table-na" | —{{{1}}}Welsh pronunciation: [{{{1}}}] Partially doneAthabaskan pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Māori pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]IPA: [{{{1}}}]Bulgarian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Korean pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Icelandic pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Sanskrit pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Bengali pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Indonesian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Serbo-Croatian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]CROSBI {{{1}}} 1 Assigned to multiple types
! rowspan="3" colspan="2" width="14%" style="border-bottom:2px solid grey;" | Date/Time (UTC) ! Configuration ! Serial number ! Launch site ! Outcome |- |style="text-align:center;background-color:#e3e9e9;" | Payload |style="text-align:center;background-color:#e3e9e9;" | Separation orbit |style="text-align:center;background-color:#e3e9e9;" | Operator |style="text-align:center;background-color:#e3e9e9;" | Function |- | colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#e4dfdf;border-bottom:2px solid grey;" | Remarks |- Parameter 1=time required!
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|- | ... | — | — | — | — | — | — |-Old Norse pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Salish pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Basque pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]{{{1}}}data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center; " class="table-na" | UnreleasedNorwegian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}] (aged {{{4}}})Hungarian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Quechua pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Arabic pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Punjabi pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Afrikaans pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Romanian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Hebrew pronunciation: [{{{1}}}][INVALID OR MISSING PARAMETER IN TEMPLATE Cessna 404 Titan]Uto-Aztecan pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Tamil pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Hindustani pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Swedish pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Kazakh pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Lao pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Tibetan pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Khmer pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]data-sort-value="" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center" class="table-na" | —{{{1}}}Welsh pronunciation: [{{{1}}}] Partially doneAthabaskan pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Māori pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]IPA: [{{{1}}}]Bulgarian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Korean pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Icelandic pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Sanskrit pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Bengali pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Indonesian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Serbo-Croatian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]CROSBI {{{1}}} 2 Not unified with main sequence | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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