Biology:MYLK

Short description: Gene of the immunoglobulin superfamily

Generic protein structure example

Myosin light chain kinase, smooth muscle also known as kinase-related protein (KRP) or telokin is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MYLK gene.

Function

This gene, a muscle member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, encodes a myosin light-chain kinase, which is a calcium-/calmodulin-dependent enzyme. This kinase phosphorylates myosin regulatory light chains to facilitate myosin interaction with actin filaments to produce contractile activity. This gene encodes both smooth muscle and nonmuscle isoforms. In addition, using a separate promoter in an intron in the 3' region, it encodes telokin, a small protein identical in sequence to the C-terminus of myosin light chain kinase, that is independently expressed in smooth muscle and functions to stabilize unphosphorylated myosin filaments. A pseudogene is located on the p arm of chromosome 3. Four transcript variants that produce four isoforms of the calcium/calmodulin dependent enzyme have been identified as well as two transcripts that produce two isoforms of telokin. Additional variants have been identified but lack full length transcripts.

See also

• Myosin light-chain kinase

Further reading

• "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. 2003. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...9916899M. 
• "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. 2004. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMID 15489334. 
• "A Differentiation-dependent Splice Variant of Myosin Light Chain Kinase, MLCK1, Regulates Epithelial Tight Junction Permeability". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (53): 55506–13. 2005. doi:10.1074/jbc.M408822200. PMID 15507455. 
• "Interferon-γ and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Synergize to Induce Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction by Up-Regulating Myosin Light Chain Kinase Expression". Am. J. Pathol. 166 (2): 409–19. 2005. doi:10.1016/S0002-9440(10)62264-X. PMID 15681825. 
• "Distinct Temporal-Spatial Roles for Rho Kinase and Myosin Light Chain Kinase in Epithelial Purse-String Wound Closure". Gastroenterology 128 (4): 987–1001. 2005. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2005.01.004. PMID 15825080. 
• "Ca2+–calmodulin-dependent myosin light chain kinase is essential for activation of TRPC5 channels expressed in HEK293 cells". J. Physiol. 570 (Pt 2): 219–35. 2006. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2005.097998. PMID 16284075. 
• "Involvement of calmodulin and myosin light chain kinase in activation of mTRPC5 expressed in HEK cells". Am. J. Physiol., Cell Physiol. 290 (4): C1031–40. 2006. doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00602.2004. PMID 16306123. 
• "Diversification of transcriptional modulation: Large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes". Genome Res. 16 (1): 55–65. 2006. doi:10.1101/gr.4039406. PMID 16344560. 
• "Myosin light chain kinase plays a role in the regulation of epithelial cell survival". J. Cell Sci. 119 (Pt 11): 2269–81. 2007. doi:10.1242/jcs.02926. PMID 16723733. 
• "A cardiac myosin light chain kinase regulates sarcomere assembly in the vertebrate heart". J. Clin. Invest. 117 (10): 2812–24. 2007. doi:10.1172/JCI30804. PMID 17885681. 

External links

• MYLK+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.