Biology:MYLK2
 Generic protein structure example |
Myosin light chain kinase 2 also known as MYLK2 is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the MYLK2 gene.[1]
Function
This gene encodes a myosin light chain kinase, a calcium / calmodulin dependent enzyme, that is exclusively expressed in adult skeletal muscle.[2] The MYLK2 gene expresses skMLCK more prevalently in fast twitch muscle fibers as compared to slow twitch muscle fibers. Calmodulin is composed of two terminal domains (N,C) each containing two E-F hand motifs that bind to Ca2+. Upon saturation of Ca2+, Calmodulin undergoes a conformation change allowing it to bind with a target protein such as skMLCK. An image depicting a similar complex (sdCen/skMLCK2) is shown under myosin light chain kinase. This binding to skMLCK increases the affinity of Ca2+ and ultimately leads to a sustained muscle action.[3]
Clinical significance
Mutations in the MYLK2 gene have been linked to midventricular hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "The overall pattern of cardiac contraction depends on a spatial gradient of myosin regulatory light chain phosphorylation". Cell 107 (5): 631–41. November 2001. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00586-4. PMID 11733062.
- ↑ "Entrez Gene: MYLK2 myosin light chain kinase 2, skeletal muscle". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=85366.
- ↑ "Myosin light chain kinase and the role of myosin light chain phosphorylation in skeletal muscle". Arch Biochem Biophys 510 (2): 120–8. February 2011. doi:10.1016/j.abb.2011.01.017. PMID 21284933.
Further reading
- "Systematic analysis of the protein interaction network for the human transcription machinery reveals the identity of the 7SK capping enzyme.". Mol. Cell 27 (2): 262–74. 2007. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2007.06.027. PMID 17643375.
- "Single-molecule force spectroscopy distinguishes target binding modes of calmodulin.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106 (34): 14361–6. 2009. doi:10.1073/pnas.0904654106. PMID 19667195. Bibcode: 2009PNAS..10614361J.
- "Isolation of the cDNA encoding rat skeletal muscle myosin light chain kinase. Sequence and tissue distribution.". J. Biol. Chem. 263 (21): 10510–6. 1988. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)81545-4. PMID 2839493.
- "Variation in the myosin light chain kinase gene is associated with development of acute lung injury after major trauma.". Crit. Care Med. 36 (10): 2794–800. 2008. doi:10.1097/CCM.0b013e318186b843. PMID 18828194.
- "A single human myosin light chain kinase gene (MLCK; MYLK).". Genomics 57 (2): 256–67. 1999. doi:10.1006/geno.1999.5774. PMID 10198165.
- "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. 2004. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMID 15489334.
- "The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20.". Nature 414 (6866): 865–71. 2001. doi:10.1038/414865a. PMID 11780052. Bibcode: 2001Natur.414..865D.}
- "Mutational analysis of the kinase domain of MYLK2 gene in common human cancers.". Pathol. Res. Pract. 202 (3): 137–40. 2006. doi:10.1016/j.prp.2005.12.003. PMID 16448786.
- "Myosin light chain kinases.". J. Muscle Res. Cell. Motil. 18 (1): 1–16. 1997. doi:10.1023/A:1018616814417. PMID 9147985.
- "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. 2002. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...9916899M.
- "Identification of 4370 expressed sequence tags from a 3'-end-specific cDNA library of human skeletal muscle by DNA sequencing and filter hybridization.". Genome Res. 6 (1): 35–42. 1996. doi:10.1101/gr.6.1.35. PMID 8681137.
- "P2X1-mediated ERK2 activation amplifies the collagen-induced platelet secretion by enhancing myosin light chain kinase activation.". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (47): 46661–7. 2003. doi:10.1074/jbc.M308452200. PMID 14500714.
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.
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