Medicine:Pegaspargase
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| Pronunciation | /pəˈɡæspərɡeɪz/ |
| Trade names | Oncaspar |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a695031 |
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| Routes of administration | Intramuscular, intravenous |
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| Formula | C1377H2208N382O442S17 |
| Molar mass | 31732.06 g·mol−1 |
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Pegaspargase, sold under the brand name Oncaspar, is a medication used in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).[3] Often it is used together with anthracycline, vincristine, and corticosteroids (for example prednisone and dexamethasone).[4] Pegaspargase can be administered either via an intravenous infusion or a intramuscular injection.[4]
Known side effects include allergic reactions, coagulopathy, high blood sugar, affecting liver function, pancreas inflammation, and blood clots in the brain.[4] There is no data regarding the usage of pegaspargase during pregnancy.[5] Therefore, caution should be observed and pegaspargase should only be used during pregnancy when the benefits outweigh the possible risks.
Pegaspargase is a modified version of the enzyme asparaginase which has undergone PEGylation.[6][4] It works by breaking down the amino acid asparagine that are circulating in the bloodstream.[4] The circulating asparagine is essential for the cancer cells to enable growth since they can't produce their own, in contrast to normal cells.[7] The normal cells are therefore less affected by pegaspargase.
Pegaspargase was approved for medical use in the United States in 1994.[4] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[8] It is made by Sigma-Tau.[4]
References
- ↑ "Prescription medicines: registration of new chemical entities in Australia, 2017". 21 June 2022. https://www.tga.gov.au/resources/publication/publications/prescription-medicines-registration-new-chemical-entities-australia-2017.
- ↑ "Oncaspar EPAR". https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/oncaspar.
- ↑ Graham ML (2003). "Pegaspargase: a review of clinical studies". Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 55 (10): 1293–302. doi:10.1016/S0169-409X(03)00110-8. PMID 14499708.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 "Pegaspargase Monograph for Professionals". https://www.drugs.com/monograph/pegaspargase.html.
- ↑ "Pegaspargase (Oncaspar) Use During Pregnancy". https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/pegaspargase.html.
- ↑ "UNM Cancer Center". http://cancer.unm.edu/drug_dictionary.aspx?id=818.
- ↑ "DailyMed - oncaspar- pegaspargase injection, solution for intramuscular and intravenous use". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=d046ec54-9ac8-4c9f-87a7-69e9900d8016.
- ↑ World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2019. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
External links
- "Pegaspargase". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/name/pegaspargase.
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