Biology:Monocarboxylate transporter 4
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Monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) also known as solute carrier family 16 member 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC16A3 gene.[1][2]
Northern and western blotting and EST database analyses showed MCT4 to be widely expressed and especially so in glycolytic tissues such as white skeletal muscle fibers, astrocytes, white blood cells, chondrocytes, and some mammalian cell lines. Because of this, it has been proposed that the properties of MCT4 might be especially appropriate for export of lactate derived from glycolysis. MCT4 exhibits a lower affinity for most substrates and inhibitors than MCT1, with Km and Ki values some 5–10-fold higher. The high Km for pyruvate may be especially significant as this avoids loss of pyruvate from the cell which, were it to occur, would prevent removal of the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) produced in glycolysis by reduction of pyruvate to lactate.
MCT4 can be upregulated by HIF-1α and AMPK.[3]
See also
References
- ↑ "Cloning and sequencing of four new mammalian monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) homologues confirms the existence of a transporter family with an ancient past". The Biochemical Journal 329 (2): 321–8. Jan 1998. doi:10.1042/bj3290321. PMID 9425115.
- ↑ "Entrez Gene: SLC16A3 solute carrier family 16, member 3 (monocarboxylic acid transporter 4)". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=9123.
- ↑ "Monocarboxylate Transporters (SLC16): Function, Regulation, and Role in Health and Disease". Pharmacological Reviews 72 (2): 466–485. 2020. doi:10.1124/pr.119.018762. PMID 32144120.
Further reading
- "The proton-linked monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) family: structure, function and regulation". The Biochemical Journal 343 (2): 281–99. Oct 1999. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3430281. PMID 10510291.
- "The SLC16 gene family-from monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) to aromatic amino acid transporters and beyond". Pflügers Archiv: European Journal of Physiology 447 (5): 619–28. Feb 2004. doi:10.1007/s00424-003-1067-2. PMID 12739169.
- "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene 138 (1–2): 171–4. Jan 1994. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
- "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene 200 (1–2): 149–56. Oct 1997. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
- "CD147 is tightly associated with lactate transporters MCT1 and MCT4 and facilitates their cell surface expression". The EMBO Journal 19 (15): 3896–904. Aug 2000. doi:10.1093/emboj/19.15.3896. PMID 10921872.
- "Polarized expression of monocarboxylate transporters in human retinal pigment epithelium and ARPE-19 cells". Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 44 (4): 1716–21. Apr 2003. doi:10.1167/iovs.02-0287. PMID 12657613.
- "Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks". Cell 127 (3): 635–48. Nov 2006. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026. PMID 17081983.
- "The role of monocarboxylate transporter 2 and 4 in the transport of gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid in mammalian cells". Drug Metabolism and Disposition 35 (8): 1393–9. Aug 2007. doi:10.1124/dmd.107.014852. PMID 17502341.
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