Biology:Monocarboxylate transporter 2
 Generic protein structure example |
Monocarboxylate transporter 2 (MCT2) also known as solute carrier family 16 member 7 (SLC16A7) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC16A7 gene.[1] MCT2 is a proton-coupled monocarboxylate transporter. It catalyzes the rapid transport across the plasma membrane of many monocarboxylates such as lactic acid, branched-chain oxo acids derived from leucine, [[valine, and isoleucine, and the ketone bodies acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate. It also functions as high-affinity pyruvate transporter.
Both Northern blot analysis and inspection of the human expressed sequence tag (EST) database suggest relatively little expression of MCT2 in human tissues. As well, the sequence of MCT2 is far less conserved across species than that of MCT1 or MCT4 and there also appear to be considerable species differences in the tissue expression profile of this isoform.
Of the four known mammalian lactate transporters (MCTs 1-4), MCT2 harbors the highest affinity for lactate.[2] In parallel, MCT2 gene transcription has been demonstrated to respond with high-sensitivity to hypoxia, intracellular pH, and, to lactate.[3]
See also
References
- ↑ "Molecular characterization of a membrane transporter for lactate, pyruvate, and other monocarboxylates: implications for the Cori cycle". Cell 76 (5): 865–73. Apr 1994. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(94)90361-1. PMID 8124722.
- ↑ Halestrap AP (Jan 2012). "The monocarboxylate transporter family--Structure and functional characterization". IUBMB Life 64 (1): 1–9. doi:10.1002/iub.573. PMID 22131303.
- ↑ "pH, Lactate, and Hypoxia: Reciprocity in Regulating High-Affinity Monocarboxylate Transporter Expression in Glioblastoma". Neoplasia 19 (2): 121–134. Feb 2017. doi:10.1016/j.neo.2016.12.011. PMID 28092823.
Further reading
- "Monocarboxylate transporter 2 (MCT2) as putative biomarker in prostate cancer". Prostate 73 (7): 763–9. 2013. doi:10.1002/pros.22620. PMID 23192371.
- "Inhibition of monocarboxylate transporter 2 induces senescence-associated mitochondrial dysfunction and suppresses progression of colorectal malignancies in vivo". Mol. Cancer Ther. 11 (11): 2342–51. 2012. doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-12-0488. PMID 22964484.
- "Alterations of monocarboxylate transporter densities during hypoxia in brain and breast tumour cells". Cell Oncol (Dordr) 35 (3): 217–27. 2012. doi:10.1007/s13402-012-0081-9. PMID 22700320.
- "Redistribution of monocarboxylate transporter 2 on the surface of astrocytes in the human epileptogenic hippocampus". Glia 60 (7): 1172–81. 2012. doi:10.1002/glia.22344. PMID 22535546.
- "The monocarboxylate transporter family--Structure and functional characterization". IUBMB Life 64 (1): 1–9. 2012. doi:10.1002/iub.573. PMID 22131303.
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