Biology:RHCG

Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Generic protein structure example

Rh family, C glycoprotein, also known as RHCG, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RHCG gene.

Function

RHCG plays a critical role in ammonium handling and pH homeostasis in the kidney. The structure of the RHCG protein indicates that it has a hydrophobic ammonia-conducting channel and shows that it shares a common fold with the ammonia transporters, thus making it an ammonia transporter.

Further reading

• "The challenge of understanding ammonium homeostasis and the role of the Rh glycoproteins.". Transfusion Clinique et Biologique 13 (1–2): 139–46. 2006. doi:10.1016/j.tracli.2006.02.008. PMID 16564724. 
• "Ammonium transport properties of HEK293 cells expressing RhCG mutants: preliminary analysis of structure/function by site-directed mutagenesis.". Transfusion Clinique et Biologique 13 (1–2): 128–31. 2006. doi:10.1016/j.tracli.2006.02.025. PMID 16580862. 
• "Isolation of cDNA clones for a 50 kDa glycoprotein of the human erythrocyte membrane associated with Rh (rhesus) blood-group antigen expression.". Biochem. J. 287 (1): 223–8. 1992. doi:10.1042/bj2870223. PMID 1417776. 
• "Characterization of human RhCG and mouse Rhcg as novel nonerythroid Rh glycoprotein homologues predominantly expressed in kidney and testis.". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (33): 25641–51. 2000. doi:10.1074/jbc.M003353200. PMID 10852913. 
• "The human Rhesus-associated RhAG protein and a kidney homologue promote ammonium transport in yeast.". Nat. Genet. 26 (3): 341–4. 2000. doi:10.1038/81656. PMID 11062476. 
• "RhCG is downregulated in oesophageal squamous cell carcinomas, but expressed in multiple squamous epithelia.". Eur. J. Cancer 38 (14): 1927–36. 2002. doi:10.1016/S0959-8049(02)00190-9. PMID 12204676. 
• "Localization of the ammonium transporter proteins RhBG and RhCG in mouse kidney.". Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 284 (2): F323–37. 2003. doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00050.2002. PMID 12388412. 
• "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. 2003. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...9916899M. 
• "Rh-RhAG/ankyrin-R, a new interaction site between the membrane bilayer and the red cell skeleton, is impaired by Rh(null)-associated mutation.". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (28): 25526–33. 2003. doi:10.1074/jbc.M302816200. PMID 12719424. 
• "The Rh complex exports ammonium from human red blood cells.". Br. J. Haematol. 122 (2): 333–40. 2003. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2141.2003.04425.x. PMID 12846905. 
• "NH₃ is involved in the NH₄⁺ transport induced by the functional expression of the human Rh C glycoprotein.". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (16): 15975–83. 2004. doi:10.1074/jbc.M308528200. PMID 14761968. 
• "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. 2004. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMID 15489334. 
• "Human Rhesus B and Rhesus C glycoproteins: properties of facilitated ammonium transport in recombinant kidney cells.". Biochem. J. 391 (Pt 1): 33–40. 2006. doi:10.1042/BJ20050657. PMID 15929723. 
• "Evolutionary conservation and diversification of Rh family genes and proteins.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102 (43): 15512–7. 2005. doi:10.1073/pnas.0507886102. PMID 16227429. Bibcode: 2005PNAS..10215512H. 
• "Structural involvement in substrate recognition of an essential aspartate residue conserved in Mep/Amt and Rh-type ammonium transporters.". Curr. Genet. 49 (6): 364–74. 2006. doi:10.1007/s00294-006-0062-5. PMID 16477434.