Engineering:KAI T-50 Golden Eagle

From HandWiki
Short description: Family of South Korean jet aircraft
T-50 Golden Eagle
KAI FA-50 Fighting Eagle of ROK AirForce (cropped).jpg
A Republic of Korea Air Force FA-50 carrying a captive training missile on its wingtip
Role T-50: Advanced jet trainer
TA-50: Lead-in fighter trainer
FA-50: Light combat aircraft
National origin South Korea
Manufacturer Korea Aerospace Industries
Lockheed Martin
First flight 20 August 2002[1]
Introduction 22 February 2005[2]
Status In service
Primary users Republic of Korea Air Force
Iraqi Air Force
Indonesian Air Force
Philippine Air Force
Produced 2001–present
Number built 200 (all models)[3]

The KAI T-50 Golden Eagle (Korean: 골든이글) is a family of South Korea n supersonic advanced jet trainers and light combat aircraft, developed by Korea Aerospace Industries (KAI) with Lockheed Martin.[1] The T-50 is South Korea's first indigenous supersonic aircraft and one of the world's few supersonic trainers.[4] Development began in the late 1990s, and its maiden flight occurred in 2002. The aircraft entered active service with the Republic of Korea Air Force (ROKAF) in 2005.

The T-50 has been further developed into aerobatic and combat variants, namely T-50B, TA-50, and FA-50. An F-50 single-seat multirole fighter variant was considered before being cancelled. The T-50B serves with the South Korean air force's aerobatics team.

The T-50 has been in service with a number of countries. Iraq ordered 24 training variants called the T-50IQ in 2013, and received them in 2016. The TA-50 light attack variant have also been ordered by Indonesia in 2011, with 16 planes entering service by 2014; an additional 6 planes were ordered in 2021. The Philippines ordered 12 units of the FA-50 light fighter variant in 2014, delivered over the next few years with the country considering to order another batch of 12 planes. Thailand ordered 12 units of the T-50 advanced trainer variant (T-50TH) starting in 2015. In 2022, Poland ordered 48 FA-50 aircraft, followed by Malaysia in 2023 that ordered 18 of the latest Block 20 variant.

Development

Origins

The T-50 program was originally intended to develop an indigenous trainer aircraft capable of supersonic flight, to train and prepare pilots for the KF-16 and F-15K, replacing trainers such as T-38 and A-37 that were then in service with the ROKAF.[5] Prior South Korean aircraft programs include the turboprop KT-1 basic trainer produced by Daewoo Aerospace (now part of KAI), and license-manufactured KF-16.[1] In general, the T-50 series of aircraft, specifically the FA-50, closely resembles the KF-16 in configuration.[6][5]

File:(K-weapon source) KAI T-50 Golden Eagle - Republic of Korea MND.webm The mother program, code-named KTX-2, began in 1992,[7] but the Ministry of Finance and Economy suspended KTX-2 in 1995 due to financial constraints.[8] The basic design of the aircraft was set by 1999.[1] The development of the aircraft was funded 70% by the South Korean government, 17% by KAI, and 13% by Lockheed Martin.[1]

The aircraft was formally designated as the T-50 Golden Eagle in February 2000.[1] The T-50A designation was reserved by the U.S. military to prevent it from being inadvertently assigned to another aircraft model.[9][10] Final assembly of the first T-50 took place between 15 January and 14 September 2001.[1] The first flight of the T-50 took place in August 2002, with initial operational assessment from 28 July to 14 August 2003.[1]

KAI and Lockheed Martin were pursuing a joint marketing program for the T-50 internationally. The ROKAF placed a production contract for 25 T-50s in December 2003, with aircraft scheduled to be delivered between 2005 and 2009.[11][unreliable source?] Original T-50 aircraft are equipped with the AN/APG-67(v)4 radar from Lockheed Martin.[12] The T-50 is equipped with a GE F404 engine with Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC) built under license by Samsung Techwin.[13] Under the terms of the T-50/F404-102 co-production agreement, GE provides engine kits directly to Samsung Techwin, which produces designated parts and performs final engine assembly and testing.[14]

Improved variants

The program has expanded beyond a trainer concept to include the TA-50 light attack aircraft and the FA-50 light combat aircraft.[15] The TA-50 variant is a more heavily armed version of the T-50 trainer, intended for lead-in fighter training and light attack roles. It is equipped with the Elta EL/M-2032 fire control radar.[16] The TA-50 is designed to operate as a full-fledged combat platform for precision-guided weapons, air-to-air missiles,[17] and air-to-ground missiles.[18] The TA-50 can mount additional utility pods for reconnaissance, targeting assistance, and electronic warfare. Reconnaissance and electronic warfare variants are also being developed, designated RA-50 and EA-50, respectively.[19]

File:(K-weapon source) KAI FA-50 Fighting Eagle - Republic of Korea MND.webm The FA-50 is the most advanced version of the T-50, possessing more internal fuel capacity, enhanced avionics, a longer radome, and a tactical datalink.[20] It is equipped with a modified Israeli EL/M-2032 pulse-Doppler radar with Korean-specific modifications by LIG Nex1.[21] The engine could be either Eurojet EJ200 or General Electric F414 with thrust of 89 to 98 kN (20,000 to 22,000 lbf), roughly 12–25% higher than the F404's thrust;[22][23] and are offered to prospective customers for the T-50. The radar of the FA-50 has a range two-thirds greater than the TA-50's radar.[24] The EL/M-2032 was initially chosen over Lockheed Martin's preferred AN/APG-67(V)4 and SELEX Vixen 500E active electronically scanned array (AESA) radars. Other AESA radars such as Raytheon's AN/APG-79 and Northrop Grumman's AN/APG-83 are options for future production,[25][26] and may be shared with the radar chosen for USAF and ROKAF F-16 fighters.[27] Samsung Thales is also independently developing a domestic multi-mode AESA radar for the FA-50.[28]

In December 2008, South Korea awarded a contract to KAI to convert four T-50s to FA-50 standard by 2012. In 2012, the ROKAF ordered 20 FA-50 fighters to be delivered by the end of 2014.[27] The maiden flight of the FA-50 took place in 2011.[29] 60 FA-50 aircraft are to be produced for the ROKAF from 2013 to 2016.[30] KAI received a Template:KRWConvert order for FA-50 fighter aircraft in May 2013.[31]

In December 2015, KAI announced and revealed the new KAI-LM T-50 T-X upgrade intended to compete in the U.S. T-X program that will start testing in 2016. This variant features a dorsal hump for extra internal fuel and an aerial refuelling receptacle, large area display (LAD), and embedded ground training systems.[32][33][34]

In October ADEX 2017, KAI unveiled the T-50A as a new variant based on the FA-50 multirole combat aircraft, including fifth generation cockpit, an aerial refuelling receptacle, cockpit multifunction display, dorsal hump for extra internal fuel, and an embedded training suite.[35]

In January 2019, KAI has begun development on an improved FA-50 known as block 10 and block 20 upgrades. Block 10 is a software upgrade so it can use the Lockheed Martin AN/AAQ-33 sniper targeting pod, while the block 20 is improvement capability to conduct beyond-visual-range air-to-air missions, carrying munitions such as the AIM-120 AMRAAM.[36]

On 15 May 2023, KAI chose PhantomStrike among two candidates, Raytheon PhantomStrike and Northrop Grumman AN/APG-83, which were being considered as the AESA radar for FA-50 Block 20. The PhantomStrike, which will be used in the Block 2 version, weighs 68 kg (150 lb), which is lighter than the existing FA-50 radar, and is an air-cooled compact AESA radar with digital beam forming and steering, multi-mode functionality and interleaved ground and air targeting capabilities. Raytheon expects PhantomStrike to be delivered to KAI in 2025.[37][38]

Design

Overview

The T-50 Golden Eagle resembles the F-16 Fighting Falcon, though it is only 80% of the size. The aerospace engineering units of Samsung, Hyundai, and Daewoo were merged to form KAI, and Lockheed Martin designed the avionics including providing the fly-by-wire system.[7][39]

The trainer has seating for two pilots in a tandem arrangement. The high-mounted canopy developed by Hankuk Fiber is applied with stretched acrylic, providing the pilots good visibility. The trainer has been tested to offer the canopy with ballistic protection against 4 lb objects impacting at 400 knots.[40] The altitude limit is 14,600 m (48,000 ft), and airframe is designed to last 8,000 hours of service.[41] The seven internal fuel tanks have a capacity of 2,655 L (701 US gal), five in the fuselage and two in the wings. An additional 1,710 L (452 US gal) of fuel can be carried in the three external fuel tanks.[11] T-50 trainer variants have a paint scheme of white and red, and aerobatic variants white, black, and yellow.[42]

The T-50 uses a single General Electric F404-102 turbofan engine license-produced by Samsung Techwin,[43] upgraded with a FADEC system jointly developed by General Electric and KAI.[44] The engine consists of three-staged fans, a seven-axial-stage arrangement, and an afterburner.[11] The aircraft has a maximum speed of Mach 1.5.[45] Its engine produces a maximum of 78.7 kN (17,700 lbf) of thrust with afterburner.[11] The more powerful GE F414 and Eurojet EJ200 engines have been suggested as the new engine for the T-50 family.[22]

Avionics

Rear cockpit

The T-50's central processing unit and its operating system are developed by MDS Technology.[46] The T-50's NEOS avionics operating system is the first and only real-time operating system to be developed by an Asian company, and holds both DO-178B and IEEE POSIX certification.[46][47][48][49] Samsung Thales and LIG Nex1 are the main avionics and Electronic warfare equipment developers for T-50 and its variants.[50][51] Other South Korean companies and defense institutes such as DoDAAM Systems, Aeromaster, Intellics, and Korea Institute of Defense Analysis are responsible for the aircraft's secondary avionics and embedded systems, including store management computers,[52] avionics testing equipment,[53] flight data recorders,[54] portable maintenance aids,[55] data analysis software,[56] post-flight data processing system,[57] aircraft structure and engine management software,[58][59] and mission planning and support systems.[60] The TA-50 version is equipped with an Elta EL/M-2032 fire control radar.[61]

The T-50 is equipped with a Honeywell H-764G embedded global positioning/inertial navigation system and HG9550 radar altimeter.[11] The aircraft is the first trainer to feature triple-redundant digital fly-by-wire controls.[41] The cockpit panels, switches, and joysticks are produced by South Korea's FirsTec and Sungjin Techwin, head-up display by DoDaaM Systems, and multi-function display by Samsung Thales.[60][62][63][64] Other South Korean subcontractors such as Elemech, Dawin Friction, and Withus cooperate in T-50 components production.[65] Hanwha supplies the mechanical parts for the flight control system,[66] and WIA supplies the undercarriage.[67]

Armament and equipment

The TA-50 version has a three-barrel cannon version of the M61 Vulcan mounted internally behind the cockpit, which fires linkless 20 mm ammunition.[11] Wingtip rails can accommodate the AIM-9 Sidewinder missile, and a variety of additional weapons can be mounted on underwing hardpoints.[11] Compatible air-to-surface weapons include the AGM-65 Maverick missile, Hydra 70 and LOGIR rocket launchers, CBU-58 and Mk-20 cluster bombs, and Mk-82, −83, and −84 general-purpose bombs.[1]

The FA-50 can be externally fitted with Rafael's Sky Shield or LIG Nex1's ALQ-200K ECM pods, Sniper or LITENING targeting pods, and Condor 2 reconnaissance pods to further improve the fighter's electronic warfare, reconnaissance, and targeting capabilities.[68][69] Other improved weapon systems include SPICE multifunctional guidance kits,[70] Textron CBU-97/105 Sensor Fuzed Weapon with WCMD tail kits, JDAM, JDAM-ER for more comprehensive air-to-ground operations, and AIM-120 missiles for BVR air-to-air operations.[71] FA-50 has provisions for, but does not yet integrate, Python and Derby missiles, also produced by Rafael, and other anti-ship missiles, stand-off weapons, and sensors to be domestically developed by Korea.[72][73][74] The South Korean military is reviewing whether to arm the FA-50 with a smaller version of the Taurus KEPD 350 missile to give it a stand-off engagement capability of 400 km (250 mi).[75]

In February 2018, European missile maker MBDA, in Singapore air show showcased an offer of its Meteor and ASRAAM medium and short-range air-to-air missiles available for integration for the KAI platforms FA-50 and future KF-X fighter jets.[76]

Operational history

Republic of Korea

File:(K-weapon source) KAI T-50B Black Eagles - Republic of Korea MND.webm

In 2011, the first squadron with the TA-50, the T-50's light attack variant, became operational with the ROKAF.[77] The ROKAF's Black Eagles aerobatic team operates the T-50B version. In 2014, the FA-50 was officially deployed by the ROKAF with President Park Geun-hye officially leading a ceremony during which a flight demonstration was held showing its capabilities. 20 FA-50s was assigned its own Air Force wing. 60 FA-50s were ordered by ROKAF.[78] On 9 October 2014, an FA-50 successfully test fired an AGM-65 Maverick at a stationary target, a retired ship.[79]

Indonesia

T-50i Indonesian Air Force version

Indonesia had been considering the T-50, along with four other aircraft to replace its BAE Systems Hawk Mk 53 trainer and OV-10 Bronco attack aircraft.[80] In August 2010, Indonesia announced that T-50, Yak-130 and L-159 were the remaining candidates for its requirement for 16 advanced jet trainers.[81]

In May 2011, Indonesia signed a contract to order 16 T-50 trainer aircraft for US$400 million.[82] The aircraft is to feature weapons pylons and gun modules, enabling light attack capabilities.[83][84] The Golden Eagles are to replace the Hawk Mk 53 in Indonesian Air Force service.[85] Indonesia's version has been designated T-50i. Deliveries began in September 2013.[86] The last pair of T-50i aircraft were delivered in January 2014.[87]

In July 2021, KAI has confirmed that it has been awarded a contract to supply another batch of T-50s to Indonesia. The contract is said to be worth US$240 million and includes 6 T-50s along with a support and logistics package for aircraft operations.[88]

Iraq

Iraq was negotiating the acquisition of T-50 trainer jets, having first publicly expressed official interest during the Korea–Iraq summit in Seoul on 24 February 2009.[89] In April 2010, Iraq reopened the jet lead-in fighter-trainer competition for 24 aircraft, in which TA-50 competed.[90] In December 2013, it was announced that Iraq signed a contract for 24 aircraft of the FA-50 variant designated T-50IQ, plus additional equipment and pilot training over the next 20 years.[91][92] Deliveries were to begin in April 2016, with all aircraft to be delivered over the next 12 months. The first batch of aircraft was delivered in March 2017 with the second batch arriving in May 2018.[93][94] [needs update][95] However, the aircraft were not flown until June 2022, following the negotiation of a maintenance, logistics and training contract with KAI in November 2021.[96]

Philippines

Philippine Air Force FA-50PHs escorting the plane carrying President Aquino

The Philippine Air Force (PAF) chose 12 KAI TA-50 aircraft to fulfill its requirement for a light attack and lead-in fighter trainer aircraft. The Department of National Defense (DND) announced the selection of the type in August 2012.[61] Funding for 12 aircraft was approved by Congress in September 2012.[97]

In late January 2013, state media reported that the FA-50 variant, not the TA-50 variant as previously reported, was selected for the procurement.[98] In October 2013, President Benigno Aquino III said that the DND was close to finalizing the FA-50 deal.[99] On 19 October 2013, President Aquino and President Park Geun-hye of South Korea signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with provisions for acquisitions.[100]

On 13 February 2014, President Aquino approved the payment scheme for purchasing 12 lead-in fighter trainers with P18.9 billion ($415.7 million) budgeted.[101] On 28 March 2014, the DND signed a contract for 12 FA-50 fighter aircraft worth P18.9 billion (US$421.12 million).[102][103]

Deliveries began in November 2015[104] and all 12 aircraft were delivered by 31 May 2017.[105][106] Plans were laid for 3 or 4 FA-50s to be fitted with capability for beyond visual range (BVR) intercept.[107] In March 2015, Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) reported that the Philippines plans to order additional FA-50s,[108][109] which is supported by the PAF Flight Plan 2028 that lists another 12 FA-50s planned for the future.[110][111]

On 26 January 2017, two PAF FA-50PHs conducted a nighttime attack on terrorist hideouts in Butig, Lanao del Sur in Mindanao, the first combat sorties flown by these aircraft.[112][113] In June 2017, FA-50s were deployed to conduct airstrikes against Maute terrorists entrenched in the city of Marawi starting in May 2017.[114][115] On 12 July 2017, an FA-50 was involved in a friendly fire incident during the battle of Marawi, when a bomb landed approximately 250 meters off target, killing two Philippine soldiers and injuring 11 more.[116] Investigation resulted in clearing the aircrew and aircraft of fault and the type was allowed to return to active service in August.[117]

In June 2018, it was discussed that the PAF is reviewing the possibility of acquiring 12 more aircraft.[118][119] PAF Chief Lt. Gen Connor Anthony Canlas Sr. reiterated this possibility in a media interview in June 2022.[120][110]

On 2 February 2019, two PAF FA-50s dropped eight 250-pound bombs on a base of the ISIS-linked Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters (BIFF) in response to a bomb attack on the Our Lady of Mount Carmel Cathedral in Barangay Walled City, Jolo, Sulu.[121]

On 25 June 2020, in relation to its 73rd founding anniversary, the PAF conducted a live fire exercise off the coast of Palawan. The exercise was the first live-firing of an AGM-65G2 Maverick air-to-ground missile fired from a PAF FA-50PH aircraft against a floating target, to demonstrate its anti-ship capabilities.[122]

On 25 December 2020 one day before the 52nd anniversary of the Communist Party of the Philippines, a PAF FA-50 dropped six bombs, including a GPS-guided bomb, that resulted in the deaths of three New People's Army rebels at their base camp in Daguma Mountain Range in Sultan Kudarat province.[123]

On 26 April 2023, as part of the 2023 BALIKATAN Exercises, a PAF FA-50PH took part in the sinking of target ship ex-BRP Pangasinan as part of SINKEX (Sinking Exercise) under BALIKATAN Exercises, firing a single AGM-65G2 Maverick air-to-ground missile.[124]

Thailand

In September 2015, the Thai government chose a KAI T-50 variant, called the T-50TH, for its air force over the Chinese Hongdu L-15 to replace its aging L-39 Albatros trainers. The 4 T-50TH aircraft were scheduled to be delivered by March 2018.[125][126][127][128] In July 2017, Thailand's government approved the procurement of 8 more aircraft[129] with a contract signing expected later in the month.[130] Deliveries began in January 2018.[131]

Poland

On 22 July 2022, Poland's Defense Minister Mariusz Blaszczak said in a media interview that the country is buying 48 FA-50 fighters.[132] On 28 July, KAI officially signed the deal for 12 FA-50 Block 10 and 36 FA-50PL Block 20 with the Polish government.[133] FA-50 deliveries are to start in 2023.[134] Blaszczak said KAI's ability to deliver the aircraft quickly was the decisive factor in it being chosen. As a result of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Polish Air Force desired urgently to replace their remaining MiG-29 fighter and Su-22 attack aircraft and the U.S. was unable to supply additional F-16s in such a short timeframe. Along with the fighter deal, KAI is expected to help establish a servicing center for them in Poland in cooperation with Polish defense industries by 2026.[135]

Malaysia

On 24 February 2023, KAI announced the signing of a $920 million deal with the Malaysian Ministry of Defence for the purchase of 18 FA-50 Block 20 for the Royal Malaysian Air Force's light combat aircraft (LCA) and fighter in-lead trainer (FLIT) tender,[136] which is intended to replace the Aermacchi MB-339 and Hawk Mk 108/208 currently in service.[137] The FA-50 was in competition with the Indian HAL Tejas, Italian Alenia Aermacchi M-346 Master, Turkish TAI Hürjet, Chinese Hongdu L-15, Russian Mikoyan MiG-35, and Sino-Pakistani JF-17 Thunder.[138] On 23 May 2023, Malaysia signed a $920 million final contract with KAI to purchase 18 FA-50 Block 20s.[139] KAI officials said Malaysia is willing to order 18 more FA-50s later.[140]

Possible sales

  • Azerbaijan: Azerbaijani Air Forces has expressed interest in purchasing T-50 trainers.[141]
  • Bolivia: the T-50 has been offered to the Bolivian Air Force as their new light jet fighter.[142]
  • Botswana: The FA-50 was offered to Bostwana.[143]
  • Brunei: Royal Brunei Air Force has expressed interest in the FA-50.[144]
  • Colombia: On 29 April 2022 it was rumored that the Colombian Air Force had chosen 20 TA-50 and FA-50 Golden Eagles as its next jet trainer and fighter.[145] but it was later denied by the Colombian Air Force[146]
  • Croatia: The FA-50 is also being offered to Croatia, which is deciding on a replacement for its aging fleet of MiG-21BIS aircraft.[147] However, in October 2017, KAI did not bid[148] as the FA-50 could not satisfy the Croatian fighter requirements.[citation needed] The Croatian Air Force then selected the French Rafale.[citation needed] Croatia needs to purchase lead in-trainer aircraft that KAI could bid on. Program is yet to be announced by Croatian Government.[citation needed]
  • Pakistan: Pakistan Air Force is considering purchase of the South Korean KAI T-50 Lead in Fighter Trainer (LIFT) to revamp its air force training program.[149]
  • Peru: The FA-50 is being offered to Peru.[150]
  • Senegal: Senegal announced that they will acquire the FA-50 on January 29, 2024.[151]
  • Spain: Spanish Air Force was interested in a cooperation agreement with South Korea for use of training aircraft, including the T-50.[152] In November 2018, Spain was in talks with South Korea to swap 50 basic T-50 jet trainers for 4 to 5 Airbus A400M airlifters.[153][154][155]
  • Slovakia: On October 3, 2021 Yonhap News Agency reported that Korea Aerospace Industries (KAI) was seeking to export the FA-50 to the Slovak Air Force.[156] A Memorandum of understanding (MOU) was reportedly signed between KAI and LOTN, a Slovakian State-owned enterprise to facilitate industrial offset negotiations.
  • United Arab Emirates: United Arab Emirates Air Force is seeking 35–40 fighter-trainers. In February 2009, the UAE selected the M-346 over the T-50.[157] In January 2010, the UAE reopened the trainer contest.[158] In 2011, it was confirmed that the T-50 was still competing for the UAE purchase.[159]
  • United States: The TF-50A a variant FA-50 is one of the contenders for the United States Air Force 's Advanced Tactical Trainer program, with an opportunity to export 100 to 400 aircraft.[160][161] The TF-50B a variant FA-50 is one of the contenders for the U.S. Navy's Tactical Surrogate Aircraft program, with an opportunity to export 64 aircraft.[162][163]
  • Vietnam: Government of Vietnam looks to purchase FA-50 light fighters from U.S. and South Korea.[164]

Failed bids

  • Argentina: Argentine Air Force evaluated the FA-50 as a potential new platform in 2016.[165] The Argentine government is seeking to buy the FA-50 through repatriation in Korea. MSN reported the Argentine defense minister said that when the financial aid is secured a contract for the FA-50 with KAI can be signed by December 2017.[166] As of July 2019, the Argentine Air Force, is set to buy FA-50s as an interim replacement for the retired Mirage 3, 5, and Dagger force. It is also to help replace the retiring A-4AR Fightinghawk fleet, as those aircraft are aging and becoming difficult to repair and maintain. If the deal is approved it will be a first step in modernizing and revitalizing the country's fighter fleet.[167][168] KAI later notified the Argentine government that a sale would not be possible due the UK blocking it on the grounds of an arms embargo — the aircraft features various British components, including Martin-Baker ejection seats.[169]
  • Israel: Israeli Air Force evaluated the T-50 as a possible replacement for its McDonnell Douglas A-4N Skyhawk II trainers since 2003.[170] On 16 February 2012, Israel announced its decision to procure 30 Alenia Aermacchi M-346 Masters instead.[171][172]
  • Singapore: Republic of Singapore Air Force evaluated the T-50 against the Italian Alenia Aermacchi M-346 and the BAE Systems Hawk for a $500 million trainer acquisition program contract for 12–16 aircraft.[173] The Singapore Ministry of Defense eventually selected the M-346 aircraft ahead of T-50 and BAE Hawk in July 2010.[174]
  • Taiwan: Republic of China Air Force is looking to replace its current fleet of AT-3 jet trainers and F-5 LIFT planes with 66 advanced trainers, the ROC Air Force released a request for information (RFI) and two companies have responded including Lockheed Martin for the T-50 and Alenia Aermacchi's M-346 responded to the request. The planes are expected to be license produced in Taiwan with a local partner firm, and the overall estimated contract value is 69 billion New Taiwan dollars (US$2.2 billion).[175] However, Taiwan decided to build 66 AIDC T-5 Brave Eagle supersonic trainers based on Taiwan's existing AIDC F-CK-1 Ching-kuo fighters for NT$68.6 billion instead of selecting the T-50 or M-346.[176]
  • United States: The T-50A was one of the contenders for the United States Air Force 's T-X program, with an opportunity to export 300 to 1,000 aircraft.[22][177] In September 2018 the U.S. Air Force selected Boeing's T-7 trainer.[178][179][22] In January 2020, the U.S. Air Force posted a notice stating that it would lease four to eight T-50A trainers from Hillwood Aviation due to delays in manufacturing the T-7A.[180] In August 2020 the acquisition was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic; in October it was announced that the plan had been further delayed .[181]
  • Uzbekistan: In October 2015, the U.S. refused to approve the sale of the KAI T-50 advance trainer to Uzbekistan.[182][183] The T-50 uses a US-made engine, the F404, which requires a US export license to re-export to another country along the T-50. However, due to political considerations related to Uzbekistan, the US refused to approve this.[184]

Variants

TA-50 group display at ROKAF air base

T-50

Advanced trainer version.[185]

T-50B

Aerobatic-specialized T-50 version.[185] Currently used by ROKAF's aerobatic display team, the Black Eagles.

TA-50

Lead-in fighter trainer and light attack version.[185]

FA-50

Light fighter/attack version, originally named A-50. A prototype from a converted T-50 first flew in 2011.[185][186][187]

FA-50 Block 10

Software upgrades to enable integration of Lockheed Martin AN/AAQ-33 Sniper targeting pod [188]

FA-50 Block 20

Integration of telescopic probe solution from Cobham Mission Systems for inflight refueling capability,[189] conformal 300 gallon fuel tank for better range, integration of mid-range air-to-surface missiles and beyond-visual-range air-to-air missiles (BVRAAMs), avionics upgrade and possible AESA radar[190]

F-50

The F-50 was a proposed single–seat multirole fighter variant that was cancelled in favor of the KAI KF-21.[191]

Country-specific versions

 Indonesia
 Iraq
 Philippines
 Poland
  • FA-50GF: Version of the FA-50 Block 10 for the Polish Air Force [193]
  • FA-50PL: Version of the FA-50 Block 20 for the Polish Air Force[193]
 Malaysia
 Thailand
 United States
  • T-50A: Failed candidate for the US Air Force T-X program, based on the FA-50.[198]
  • TF-50A: candidate for the US Air Force Advanced Tactical Trainer program, based on the FA-50[160][161]
  • TF-50B: candidate for the US Navy Tactical Surrogate Aircraft program, based on the FA-50[162][163]

Operators

Map with T-50 operators in blue
 Indonesia
  • Indonesian Air Force – 16 T-50i trainer aircraft were delivered by January 2014. These were fitted with EL/M-2032 radars and cannons in 2018.[199][200] 14 aircraft are in service as of August 2020.[201] In July 2021, Indonesia signed a contract for a further six planes at a cost of US$240 million with delivery by October 2024.[202][203]
 Iraq
 Malaysia
 Philippines
 Poland
 South Korea
 Thailand

Accidents and incidents

  • On 15 November 2012, a South Korean air force pilot from the service's Black Eagles aerobatic display team was killed when his KAI T-50B trainer crashed in a mountainside in the area of Hoengsong, about 48 nm (90 km) east of Seoul,[208] due to human error during a maintenance operation.[209]
  • On 20 December 2015, an Indonesian Air Force T-50i Golden Eagle crashed while performing a flight demonstration during an airshow at Adisutjipto Air base in Yogyakarta, killing its two pilots[210][211] possibly caused by pilot error.[212]
  • On 6 February 2018, a South Korean aerobatic team's plane flipped over after the pilot did not align the nose wheel properly, and turned off NWS prematurely at Changi Airport.[213] It was taking off in preparation for a display at the Singapore Airshow.[214]
  • On August 10, 2020, a 38-year-old Indonesian Air Force T-50i pilot died from injuries sustained during a training accident at the Iswahyudi Air Force Base.[215]
  • On July 19, 2022, an Indonesian Air Force T-50i crashed in Central Java during a nighttime training mission, killing its pilot.[216]

Specifications

FA-50 Fighting Eagle
FA-50 landing for ROKAF's first delivery
TA-50 Lead in Fighter Trainer at KAI
T-50 Golden Eagles lining up

Data from Korea Aerospace,[45][217] Lockheed Martin[218]

General characteristics

  • Crew: 2
  • Length: 13.144 m (43 ft 1 in)
  • Wingspan: 9.45 m (31 ft 0 in) with wingtip missiles
  • Height: 4.94 m (16 ft 2 in)
  • Wing area: 23.69 m2 (255.0 sq ft)
  • Empty weight: 6,470 kg (14,264 lb)
  • Max takeoff weight: 12,300 kg (27,117 lb)
  • Fuel capacity: 2,655 litres (701 US gal) internal
  • Payload: 4.8 t (4.7 long tons; 5.3 short tons) external[219]
  • Powerplant: 1 × General Electric F404-GE-102 afterburning turbofan engine (built under license by Samsung Techwin[14]), 53.07 kN (11,930 lbf) thrust dry, 78.7 kN (17,700 lbf) with afterburner

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 1,837.5 km/h (1,141.8 mph, 992.2 kn) at 9,144 m (30,000 ft)
  • Maximum speed: Mach 1.5[220][221][45][218]
  • Range: 1,851 km (1,150 mi, 999 nmi)
  • Service ceiling: 14,630 m (48,000 ft)
  • g limits: +8 −3[45]
  • Rate of climb: 198 m/s (39,000 ft/min)
  • Thrust/weight: 0.96
Note: armament for TA-50 and FA-50 only.

Armament

  • Guns: 1× General Dynamics M197 20mm (0.787 in) 3-barrel rotary electric cannon, 205 rounds[11][222][223]
  • Hardpoints: Total of 7 with 4 underwing 2 wingtip and one under fuselage; holding up to 5,400 kg (12,000 lb) of payload[229]
  • Rockets:
    • Hydra 70
    • LOGIR
  • Missiles:
    • Air-to-air missiles:
    • Air-to-ground missiles:
      • AGM-65 Maverick[217]
      • MBDA Brimstone (planned)
      • SPEAR 3 (planned)
      • KEPD 350K-2 (planned for FA-50)[227][228]
    • Anti-ship missiles:
  • Bombs:
    • CBU-97/105 Sensor Fuzed Weapon
    • GBU-12 (block 10 improvement)[224]
    • Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) bombs[217]
    • KGGB[225]
    • Mark 82 bomb
    • Mark 83 bomb
    • Spice-equipped bombs
    • SUU-20 Dispenser[217]
    • Wind Corrected Munitions Dispenser (WCMD)
  • Others:

Avionics

  • Lockheed Martin AN/APG-67 (T-50IQ)
  • Elta EL/M-2032 (TA-50 and FA-50 Block 10)
  • Raytheon PhantomStrike air-cooled AESA radar (FA-50 Block 20)[37][38]
  • LIG Nex1 ESR-500A air-cooled AESA radar (Option for FA-50 Block 20)[230]

See also

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 "Korean Aerospace T-50 Golden Eagle". Flug Revue, 8 July 2004. copy archived 11 June 2008.
  2. ↑ First T-50 Golden Eagles Delivered to Korean Air Force; Only Supersonic Trainer in Production Today . Lockheed Martin, 22 February 2006.
  3. ↑ The Political Economy of Change and Continuity in Korea: Twenty Years after the Crisis, Springer (2018), P. 115
  4. ↑ "Domestic Light Attack Jets Due in 2013" . The Korea Times, 30 December 2008.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Korea's T-50 Family Spreads Its Wings" . Defenseindustrydaily.com, 21 August 2013. Retrieved 8 September 2013.
  6. ↑ "FA-50 Light Combat Aircraft". https://www.airforce-technology.com/projects/fa-50-light-combat-aircraft-south-korea/. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Korean Aerospace Industries T-50 Golden Eagle . Aeroflight
  8. ↑ "KTX-2 Indigenous Trainer" . GlobalSecurity.org
  9. ↑ DOD 4120.15-L – Addendum, MDS Designators , Designation-Systems.net.
  10. ↑ Parsch, Andreas. ""Missing" USAF/DOD Aircraft Designations". http://www.designation-systems.net/usmilav/missing-mds.html. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 11.7 T-50 Golden Eagle Jet Trainer and Light Attack Aircraft, South Korea . Air Force Technology.
  12. ↑ "Korean T-50 displays fast-jet credentials" . AIN Online, 11 December 2006.
  13. ↑ "Black Eagles aerobatic display team". http://www.bainesplanes.co.uk/photography/black-eagles-aerobatic-display-team.html. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "Republic of Korea orders 57 F404 Engine Kits for T-50 Trainers". http://www.geaviation.com/press/military/military_20070124b.html. 
  15. ↑ "FA-50 Light Combat Aircraft – Airforce Technology". http://www.airforce-technology.com/projects/-fa-50-light-combat-aircraft-south-korea/. 
  16. ↑ "PICTURES: KAI rolls out first production T/A-50". 26 January 2011. http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/pictures-kai-rolls-out-first-production-ta-50-352346/. 
  17. ↑ "[사진 국산 초음속 경공격기 "발사""]. 9 January 2007. http://article.joinsmsn.com/news/article/article.asp?Total_ID=2561555. 
  18. ↑ "A-50 Successful AGM-65 Launch". http://kookbang.dema.mil.kr/kdd/GisaView.jsp?menuCd=3004&menuSeq=2&menuCnt=30911&writeDate=20060125&kindSeq=2&writeDateChk=20060125. 
  19. ↑ "A-50 Growth Capability". http://bemil.chosun.com/nbrd/files/BEMIL066/upload/2006/11/A-50-1.jpg. 
  20. ↑ T/A-50 makers plan Israeli pitch . Flightglobal.com. Retrieved 5 June 2011.
  21. ↑ International, Forecast. (28 July 2009) South Korea and Israel to Jointly Develop Radar . Defencetalk.com. Retrieved 5 June 2011.
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 Trimble, Stephen (24 May 2011). "Lockheed ponders T-50 re-engining for T-X programme". Flightglobal. http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2011/05/24/357148/lockheed-ponders-t-50-re-engining-for-t-x-programme.html. 
  23. ↑ "Eurojet offers Korea chance to join consortium". 14 October 2011. http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/biz/2011/10/123_96650.html. 
  24. ↑ "'국산 공격기' FA-50 시범 비행 최초 공개". http://news.kbs.co.kr/tvnews/news9/2011/06/06/2303163.html. 
  25. ↑ South Korea orders KAI F/A-50 light attack fighter prototypes . Flightglobal.com. Retrieved 5 June 2011.
  26. ↑ "KAI bids to spread wings with Golden Eagle". 14 October 2011. http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/kai-bids-to-spread-wings-with-golden-eagle-362567/. 
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 "Seoul places $600m order for 20 FA-50s". 4 January 2012. http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/seoul-places-600m-order-for-20-fa-50s-366500/. 
  28. ↑ Archived copy Samsung Thales: Multi-Mode Active Phase Array Radar (FA50)
  29. ↑ FA-50 prototype
  30. ↑ "S. Korea to mass-produce armed version of trainer jet starting in 2013". http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/national/2011/11/04/53/0301000000AEN20111104008100315F.HTML. 
  31. ↑ Waldron2013-05-07T06:36:00+01:00, Greg. "KAI wins W1.1tn contract for FA-50 fighters". Archived from the original on 7 June 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130607001705/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/kai-wins-w11tn-contract-for-fa-50-fighters-385524/. 
  32. ↑ "Testing Of KAI-LM T-50 T-X Upgrade To Start In 2016". http://aviationweek.com/awindefense/testing-kai-lm-t-50-t-x-upgrade-start-2016. 
  33. ↑ "PICTURES: KAI, Lockheed rollout T-X prototype". 17 December 2015. https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/pictures-kai-lockheed-rollout-t-x-prototype-420149/. 
  34. ↑ Lockheed proposes KAI T-50A for T-X over Skunk Works design – Flightglobal.com, 11 February 2016
  35. ↑ "ADEX 2017: KAI unveils T-50A variant". https://www.shephardmedia.com/news/training-simulation/adex-2017-kai-unveils-t-50a-variant/. 
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 "KAI Developing Smarter FA-50 Golden Eagle | Defense News: Aviation International News". https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/defense/2019-01-22/kai-developing-smarter-fa-50-golden-eagle. 
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 "Raytheon Technologies upgrading Korea Aerospace Industries' FA-50 aircraft with PhantomStrike™ radar". Raytheon Technologies. 15 May 2023. Archived from the original on 25 May 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230525202555/https://www.rtx.com/news/news-center/2023/05/15/raytheon-technologies-upgrading-korea-aerospace-industries-fa-50-aircraft-with-p. Retrieved 25 May 2023. 
  38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 "FA-50, 레이시온 '팬텀 스트라이크' 탑재…AESA레이더 기종 확정". The guru. 16 May 2023. Archived from the original on 26 May 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230526093031/https://www.theguru.co.kr/news/article.html?no=53869. Retrieved 26 May 2023. 
  39. ↑ "KF-16 Korea Fighter Program KFP". http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/rok/kf-16.htm. 
  40. ↑ "Hankuk Fiber T-50 Canopy". http://www.hfiber.com/hfg_web/prod/prod_sp_air_02.asp. 
  41. ↑ 41.0 41.1 T-50 Golden Eagle . GlobalSecurity.org, updated 31 August 2005.
  42. ↑ "서울신문 – 맛있는 정보! 신선한 뉴스!". http://mnm.seoul.co.kr/news/newsView.php?id=20101203040003. 
  43. ↑ Repair & overhaul services for USFK helicopter engines , 2009
  44. ↑ GE – Aviation: F404 . Geae.com (25 May 2011). Retrieved 5 June 2011.
  45. ↑ 45.0 45.1 45.2 45.3 "KAI KOREA AEROSPACE INDUSTRIES, LTD." (in ko, en). Seoul. http://www.koreaaero.com/english/product/fixedwing_t-50.asp. 
  46. ↑ 46.0 46.1 "MDS Technology NEOS RTOS". http://www.mdstec.com/main/eng/?no=297. 
  47. ↑ "MDS Technology relies on VectorCAST for DO-178B Level A certification testing" (PDF). vectorcast.com. Retrieved 5 June 2011.
  48. ↑ "MDS Technology NEOS Version 3.0 RTOS IEEE POSIX certification". http://postfiles10.naver.net/20110424_265/cutysio_1303608845530XGWge_JPEG/mds%C5%D7%C5%A9_2011%C1%F6%BD%C4%B0%E6%C1%A6RD%BC%BA%B0%FA%C0%FC%BD%C3%C8%B84.JPG?type=w2. 
  49. ↑ "Software Accomplishments Summary for the NEOS-178S Operating System". http://postfiles15.naver.net/20110424_254/cutysio_1303608845767M2e0x_JPEG/mds%C5%D7%C5%A9_2011%C1%F6%BD%C4%B0%E6%C1%A6RD%BC%BA%B0%FA%C0%FC%BD%C3%C8%B85.JPG?type=w2. 
  50. ↑ "Samsung Thales Avionics/Electronic Warfare Systems". http://www.samsungthales.com/eng/product/product.asp?idx=54. 
  51. ↑ "LIG Nex1 Avionics". http://www.lignex1.com:8001/eng/business/business02_05_02.jsp. 
  52. ↑ "DoDAAM Systems SMC". http://www.dodaam.com/eng/sub_0203_1_3.php. 
  53. ↑ "DoDAAM Systems ATE". http://www.dodaam.com/eng/sub_0203_2_1.php. 
  54. ↑ "DoDAAM Systems DPS". http://www.dodaam.com/eng/sub_0203_2_5.php. 
  55. ↑ "DoDAAM Systems PMA". http://www.dodaam.com/eng/sub_0203_2_4.php. 
  56. ↑ "DoDAAM Systems MDAS". http://www.dodaam.com/eng/sub_0203_2_6.php. 
  57. ↑ 인크루트(주). "도담시스템스 채용은 인크루트 – 인크루트 기업 홈 : 취업포털 인크루트". http://job.incruit.com/jobdb_info/recruiterinfo.asp?mem=MDAwMDg4NzEwNA. 
  58. ↑ "DoDAAM Systems IEMMS". http://www.dodaam.com/eng/sub_0203_2_8.php. 
  59. ↑ "Aeromaster ASIP/ENSIP". http://amc21.co.kr/eng/sub.html?w=01_05&style=01. 
  60. ↑ 60.0 60.1 "T-50 Avionics Embedded Software Development Using Java". https://www.scribd.com/doc/64052084/T-50-Avionics-Embedded-Software-Development-Using-Java. 
  61. ↑ 61.0 61.1 Cohen, Michael. "Philippines confirms T/A-50 purchase"(Subscription content?). Janes Defence Weekly, Vol 49, Issue 32, 8 August 2012.
  62. ↑ "FirsTec T-50 Cockpit Panel". http://www.firsteccom.co.kr/english/defense/New_de3-1.html. 
  63. ↑ "F-35전투기 조종간 만드는 한국 벤처". 25 March 2010. http://news.donga.com/Economy/New/3/01/20100325/27109902/1&top=1. 
  64. ↑ "T-50 Components Exhibition". http://postfiles8.naver.net/20110424_279/cutysio_1303608844621PBpzB_JPEG/mds%C5%D7%C5%A9_2011%C1%F6%BD%C4%B0%E6%C1%A6RD%BC%BA%B0%FA%C0%FC%BD%C3%C8%B810.JPG?type=w2. 
  65. ↑ "T-50 Industrial Participants". http://postfiles6.naver.net/20110424_165/cutysio_1303608844304Ye8fl_JPEG/mds%C5%D7%C5%A9_2011%C1%F6%BD%C4%B0%E6%C1%A6RD%BC%BA%B0%FA%C0%FC%BD%C3%C8%B81.JPG?type=w2. 
  66. ↑ "Hanwha T-50 flight control system". http://english.hanwhacorp.co.kr/BusinessArea/Explosives/MachineryAerospace/Aerospace/Aerospace.jsp?menucode=5. 
  67. ↑ "WIA T-50 undercarriage". http://en.wia.co.kr/product/special_aviation.asp. 
  68. ↑ "Sniper Targeting Pod for FA-50". http://bemil.chosun.com/nbrd/files/BEMIL105/upload/2005/10/A-50%20%B9%AB%C0%E5%20%284%29_1.jpg. 
  69. ↑ "Condor 2 Reconnaissance Pod for FA-50". http://bemil.chosun.com/nbrd/files/BEMIL105/upload/2005/10/A-50%20%B9%AB%C0%E5%20%287%29_1.jpg. 
  70. ↑ "Rafael SPICE 1000 Guided Bomb". http://bemil.chosun.com/nbrd/files/BEMIL105/upload/2005/10/A-50%20%B9%AB%C0%E5%20%281%29_1.jpg. 
  71. ↑ FA-50 Expanded Weapons and Avionics . bemil.chosun.com. Retrieved 5 June 2011.
  72. ↑ "AMRAAM and Derby for FA-50". http://bemil.chosun.com/nbrd/files/BEMIL105/upload/2005/10/A-50%20%B9%AB%C0%E5%20%286%29_1.jpg. 
  73. ↑ "Python 5 and New Weapons Developed by Korea for FA-50". http://bemil.chosun.com/nbrd/files/BEMIL105/upload/2005/10/A-50%20%B9%AB%C0%E5%20%2814%29.jpg. 
  74. ↑ "IN FOCUS: South Korea outlines strategy for indigenous fighter". Flight Global. 27 October 2011. http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/in-focus-south-korea-outlines-strategy-for-indigenous-fighter-363847/. 
  75. ↑ South Korea plans to arm its FA-50 light combat fighters with new variant of the Taurus missile – Airrecognition.com, 23 October 2015
  76. ↑ "MBDA To Show New Munitions in Singapore". https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/defense/2018-02-03/mbda-show-new-munitions-singapore. 
  77. ↑ "Air Force to deploy 20 TA-50 light attack aircraft by next year". http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/national/2011/06/02/29/0301000000AEN20110602003300315F.HTML. 
  78. ↑ "The Chosun Ilbo (English Edition): Daily News from Korea – Korea Deploys Home-Grown FA-50 Fighter Jets". http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2014/10/31/2014103101236.html. 
  79. ↑ "South Korean KAI FA-50 successfully test-fired an AGM-65 Maverick guided missile". http://www.airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/2014-global-news-worldwide-world-international-air-force-aviation/october-2014-global-news-worldwide-world-international-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-defence-military-industry-/1220-south-korean-kai-fa-50-successfully-test-fired-an-agm-65-maverick-guided-missile.html. 
  80. ↑ "Indonesian air force seeks to revive light attack, trainer procurements" . Flightglobal.com, 14 January 2010. Retrieved 26 July 2013.
  81. ↑ "Indonesia shortlists T-50 for trainer jet requirement" . Koreatimes.co.kr, 9 August 2010. Retrieved 26 July 2013.
  82. ↑ 82.0 82.1 "Export T-50 advanced trainer to Indonesia" (Press release). Korea Aerospace Industries, LTD. (KAI). 25 May 2011. Archived from the original on 26 January 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
  83. ↑ "Indonesia Orders 16 T-50s From Korea" . Aviation Week
  84. ↑ Sung-Ki, Jung. "Indonesia To Buy 16 S. Korean T-50 Trainers". Defense News, 26 May 2011. Retrieved 26 July 2013.
  85. ↑ T-50 "Perkuat TNI AU" . AntaraNews.com, 9 April 2011. Retrieved 5 June 2011.
  86. ↑ 86.0 86.1 Waldron. "Indonesia receives first pair of T-50i advanced jet trainers" . Flight International, 13 September 2013. Retrieved 30 September 2013.
  87. ↑ TNI, PUSPEN TNI, Puspen Mabes. "T-50i Golden Eagle Siap Kawal NKRI – WEBSITE TENTARA NASIONAL INDONESIA". http://www.tni.mil.id/view-58177-t-50i-golden-eagle-siap-kawal-nkri.html. 
  88. ↑ "Indonesia orders 6 more T-50i Golden Eagle lead-in fighter trainers from South Korea". 21 July 2021. https://www.asiapacificdefensejournal.com/2021/07/indonesia-orders-6-more-t-50i-golden.html. 
  89. ↑ "Iraq Asks for Korea's T-50 Trainer Jets" . Korea Times, 15 March 2009. Retrieved 30 March 2009.
  90. ↑ "Iraq's New Trainer-Fighters: FA-50 Bounces the Czech" . Defense Industry Daily, 12 December 2013.
  91. ↑ "Iraq signs $1.1 bn deal to buy S. Korean fighters". Agence France-Presse. Yahoo! News. 12 December 2013. https://news.yahoo.com/iraq-signs-1-1-bn-deal-buy-korean-085703625.html. 
  92. ↑ 92.0 92.1 "KAI has signed the contract with Iraq for exportin" (Press release). Korea Aerospace Industries, LTD. (KAI). 12 December 2013. Archived from the original on 7 April 2014. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
  93. ↑ Iraqi air force orders 24 KAI T-50s – Flightglobal.com, 12 December 2013
  94. ↑ 94.0 94.1 "S. Korea to export 24 FA-50 light attackers to Iraq"
  95. ↑ "T-50 Golden Eagles find new roost | Times Aerospace". https://www.timesaerospace.aero/features/defence/t-50-golden-eagles-find-new-roost#:~:text=The%20Iraqi%20T-50IQ%20was,air-to-ground%20weapons.. 
  96. ↑ Iddon, Paul (27 June 2022). "Korean T-50 Jets Could Enhance Iraq's Air Campaign Against ISIS" (in en). https://www.forbes.com/sites/pauliddon/2022/06/27/how-its-korean-t-50-jets-could-enhance-iraqs-air-campaign-against-isis/?sh=54a9c0f15e33. 
  97. ↑ "Philippines defence budget gets green light"(Subscription content?). Janes Defence Weekly, 21 September 2012.
  98. ↑ "PH to buy 12 S. Korean fighter jets". Agence France-Presse. 30 January 2013. http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/nation/01/30/13/ph-buy-12-s-korean-fighter-jets. 
  99. ↑ Ramos, Marlon. "PH buying SK fighter jets". http://globalnation.inquirer.net/88187/aquino-ph-close-to-finalizing-deal-on-purchase-of-korean-fighter-jets. 
  100. ↑ "Noy, Park ink pact for P19-B fighter jet acqisition [sic contract"]. http://www.tribune.net.ph/nation/noy-park-ink-pact-for-p19-b-fighter-jet-acqisition-contract. 
  101. ↑ "Palace OKs payment scheme for S. Korean fighter jets". http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2014/02/21/1292810/palace-oks-payment-scheme-s.-korean-fighter-jets. 
  102. ↑ "KAI won a contract to export 12 FA-50s to the Phil" (Press release). Korea Aerospace Industries, LTD. (KAI). 28 March 2014. Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
  103. ↑ Foundation, arirang, Arirang International Broadcasting. "Korean government to sell 12 FA-50 fighter jets to Philippines". http://www.arirang.co.kr/News/News_View.asp?nseq=159955. 
  104. ↑ "Philippines receives first two FA-50s". IHS Jane's 360. 2 December 2015. http://www.janes.com/article/56366/philippines-receives-first-two-fa-50s. 
  105. ↑ 105.0 105.1 Dominguez, Gabriel (1 June 2017). "South Korea's KAI completes deliveries of FA-50PH aircraft to Philippines". http://www.janes.com/article/71047. 
  106. ↑ Santos, Ruben (31 May 2017). "South Korea completes delivery of FA-50PH squadron". https://www.update.ph/2017/05/south-korea-completes-delivery-of-fa-50ph-squadron/17851. 
  107. ↑ "philippines eyes bvr upgrades for fa-50". http://rentaka.weebly.com/blog/philippines-eyes-bvr-upgrades-for-fa-50. 
  108. ↑ "Trends In International Arms Transfers, 2014". http://books.sipri.org/files/FS/SIPRIFS1503.pdf. 
  109. ↑ "Phl to buy 24 more combat aircraft from South Korea". http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2015/03/20/1435559/phl-buy-24-more-combat-aircraft-south-korea. 
  110. ↑ 110.0 110.1 "Additional FA-50PH for the Philippine Air Force?". 14 August 2022. https://www.pitzdefanalysis.net/2022/08/additional-fa-50ph-for-paf.html?m=1. 
  111. ↑ Nepomuceno, Priam (14 June 2022). "Air Force eyes buying more FA-50 aircraft". https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1176606. 
  112. ↑ "TV Patrol: DND, kinumpirma ang ugnayan ng ISIS at teroristang grupo sa Pilipinas". ABS-CBN News. 26 January 2017. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=aEUKMolndJk. 
  113. ↑ "Bombs drop on terror groups’ lair"
  114. ↑ "Military resumes airstrikes in Marawi". http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2017/06/03/1706208/military-resumes-airstrikes-marawi. 
  115. ↑ ABS-CBN News (9 June 2017). "New air strike vs Maute rebels as officials vow to end Marawi siege". http://news.abs-cbn.com/news/06/09/17/new-air-strike-vs-maute-rebels-as-officials-vow-to-end-marawi-siege. 
  116. ↑ Dizon, Nikko (12 July 2017). "It was FA-50 jet in 2nd friendly fire incident in Marawi – military source". http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/913385/it-was-fa-50-jet-in-2nd-friendly-fire-incident-in-marawi-military-source. 
  117. ↑ "FA-50s now fighting again in Marawi City – Update Philippines". 3 August 2017. https://www.update.ph/2017/08/fa-50s-now-fighting-again-in-marawi-city/19680. 
  118. ↑ "Philippines seeks additional FA-50 light attack aircraft from South Korea". http://www.janes.com/article/80721/philippines-seeks-additional-fa-50-light-attack-aircraft-from-south-korea. 
  119. ↑ "Duterte makes turnaround, wants more FA-50 fighters". https://malaya.com.ph/business-news/news/duterte-makes-turnaround-wants-more-fa-50-fighters. 
  120. ↑ Nepomuceno, Priam (14 June 2022). "Air Force eyes buying more FA-50 aircraft". https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1176606. 
  121. ↑ "Bombs rain on ASG lair; 8 die". Manila Standard. http://manilastandard.net/news/top-stories/286946/bombs-rain-on-asg-lair-8-die.html. 
  122. ↑ "Philippine Air Force holds missile live fire exercise". https://www.mintfo.com/news/air-force-holds-missile-live-fire-exercise/19690/. 
  123. ↑ "Bodies of 3 NPA guerrillas killed in aerial bombing in Sultan Kudarat recovered". 26 December 2020. https://www.mindanews.com/top-stories/2020/12/bodies-of-3-npa-guerrillas-killed-in-aerial-bombing-in-sultan-kudarat-recovered1/. 
  124. ↑ Nepomuceno, Priam (26 April 2023). "Balikatan live-fire drill participants sink retired WWII corvette". https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1200206. 
  125. ↑ "Gov't to export four T-50 training jets to Thailand". koreajoongangdaily.joins.com. 17 September 2015. http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3009348. 
  126. ↑ "KAI added 8 T-50s to Thailand". sedaily.com. 30 July 2017. http://www.asiatoday.co.kr/view.php?key=20170730010014765. 
  127. ↑ "KAI will export T-50s to Thailand". The Korea Times. 17 September 2015. http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2015/09/116_187047.html. 
  128. ↑ "Korea to Sell Four T50 Trainer Jets to Thailand". September 2015. http://www.aseanmildef.com/2015/09/korea-to-sell-four-t50-trainer-jets-to.html. 
  129. ↑ "KAI scores additional Thai T-50 orders for $258M". http://www.defensenews.com/articles/thailand-to-buy-additional-kai-t-50s-from-south-korea-for-258m. 
  130. ↑ Waldron, Greg. "Thailand orders eight additional T-50TH trainers" . Flight Global, 12 July 2017.
  131. ↑ "Delivery of T-50TH trainer jets to Thailand begins". Yonhap News Agency. Seoul. 8 January 2018. http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/business/2018/01/08/0502000000AEN20180108006500320.html. 
  132. ↑ "Poland to buy jets, tanks and howitzers from South Korea, says minister". 22 July 2022. https://www.reuters.com/business/poland-buy-jets-tanks-howitzers-south-korea-says-minister-2022-07-22/. 
  133. ↑ "(LEAD) KAI signs US$3 bln deal with Poland to export 48 FA-50s". Yonhap News Agency. 28 July 2022. https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20220728003151325?section=national/defense. 
  134. ↑ "Poland to Buy 1,000 MBTs. Minister Błaszczak Also Outlines a Plan To Procure Extra F-35s or F-15s [INTERVIEW"]. https://defence24.com/defence-policy/poland-to-buy-1000-mbts-minister-blaszczak-also-outlines-a-plan-to-procure-extra-f-35s-or-f-15s-interview. Retrieved 4 April 2023. 
  135. ↑ Donald, David (27 July 2022). "Poland Turns To South Korea's FA-50 Fighter/Attack Jet | AIN". https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/defense/2022-07-27/poland-turns-south-koreas-fa-50-fighter-attack-jet. 
  136. ↑ Kadidal, Akhil (24 February 2023). "KAI signs a deal with Malaysia for FA-50 aircraft". https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/kai-signs-a-deal-with-malaysia-for-fa-50-aircraft. Retrieved 4 April 2023. 
  137. ↑ 137.0 137.1 "TUDM chooses FA-50". Scramble.nl. 2023-02-24. https://www.scramble.nl/military-news/tudm-chooses-fa-50. 
  138. ↑ Waldron, Greg (24 February 2023). "FA-50 wins Malaysia's light combat aircraft competition". https://www.flightglobal.com/defence/fa-50-wins-malaysias-light-combat-aircraft-competition/152203.article. Retrieved 4 April 2023. 
  139. ↑ GASTÓN DUBOIS (23 May 2023). "Malaysia signed purchase contract for 18 Korean FA-50 light fighters". Aviacionline. Archived from the original on 26 May 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230526121558/https://www.aviacionline.com/2023/05/malaysia-signed-purchase-contract-for-18-korean-fa-50-light-fighters/. Retrieved 26 May 2023. 
  140. ↑ Akhil Kadidal (23 May 2023). "LIMA 2023: KAI says Malaysia keen to order 18 additional FA-50s". Janes Information Services. Archived from the original on 26 May 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230526121742/https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/lima-2023-kai-says-malaysia-keen-to-order-18-additional-fa-50s. Retrieved 26 May 2023. 
  141. ↑ "Azerbaijan intends to purchase weapons and military equipment from South Korea" . Armyrecognition.com, 29 August 2013
  142. ↑ "Bolivia Air Force is looking for fighter jets". 29 May 2021. https://www.airway1.com/bolivia-air-force-is-looking-for-fighter-jets/. 
  143. ↑ Binnie, Jeremy (23 August 2017). "Details of Botswana FA-50 bid emerge". http://www.janes.com/article/73297. 
  144. ↑ "ASEAN leaders show interest in Korean fighter plane :: KOREA.NET Mobile Site". http://m.korea.net/english/NewsFocus/Policies/view?articleId=123827. 
  145. ↑ "Colombia chooses South Korea's TA-50, FA-50 as next jet trainers, officials say". 29 April 2022. https://www.defensenews.com/air/2022/04/29/colombia-chooses-south-koreas-ta-50-fa-50-as-next-jet-trainers-officials-say/. 
  146. ↑ "Fuerza Aérea de Colombia niega negociación para compra de aviones coreanos". 26 April 2022. https://www.wradio.com.co/2022/04/26/fuerza-aerea-de-colombia-niega-negociacion-para-compra-de-aviones-coreanos/. 
  147. ↑ "Ratno zrakoplovstvo dobilo novu ponudu" (in HR). Večernji list. 15 May 2015. http://www.jutarnji.hr/ratno-zrakoplovstvo-dobilo--novu-ponudu-za-samo-milijardu--eura-mozemo-nabaviti-24-fa-50/1349753/. 
  148. ↑ Adamowski, Jaroslaw (4 October 2017). "4 nations bid for Croatian fighter jet deal; F-16 and Gripen under consideration". Warsaw: Defense News. https://www.defensenews.com/global/europe/2017/10/04/4-nations-bid-for-croatian-fighter-jet-deal-f-16-and-gripen-under-consideration/. 
  149. ↑ "Pakistan Eyes T-50 as Trainer Option". Defense News. 25 May 2017. http://www.defensenews.com/story/defense/training-simulation/2015/04/19/pakistan-trainer-t50-china-jf17-lift-korea/25876281/. 
  150. ↑ Seoul's vice defense chief to visit Colombia, Peru this week Yonhap News Agency
  151. ↑ https://www.military.africa/2024/01/senegal-to-acquire-fa-50-light-combat-aircraft-from-south-korea/
  152. ↑ "Account Suspended". http://www.aviaciontotal.cl/cgi-sys/suspendedpage.cgi. 
  153. ↑ Jeong, Jeff (5 November 2018). "South Korea and Spain seek deal to swap trainer jets for airlifters". Defense News. https://www.defensenews.com/air/2018/11/05/south-korea-and-spain-seek-deal-to-swap-trainer-jets-for-airlifters/. 
  154. ↑ "Korea, Spain to negotiate aircraft swap contract". 12 November 2018. http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20181112000223. 
  155. ↑ "(LEAD) S. Korea, Spain to negotiate aircraft swap contract". 12 November 2018. https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20181112002551315. 
  156. ↑ 강윤승 (2021-11-03). "S. Korea eyes exports of FA-50 fighters to Slovakia" (in en). https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20211103003100325. 
  157. ↑ UAE chooses M-346 as advanced lead-in fighter trainer . Flightglobal.com. Retrieved 5 June 2011.
  158. ↑ "UAE Reopens Talks To Buy T-50 Trainer". Defense News,
  159. ↑ "Lee's UAE trip raises hopes for first sale of T-50s". 2 March 2011. http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2011/03/116_82345.html. 
  160. ↑ 160.0 160.1 John A. Tirpak (2021-12-14). "Lockheed to Offer 'Competitive Pricing' on T-50-Derived Advanced Fighter Trainer - Air Force Magazine". Airforcemag.com. https://www.airforcemag.com/lockheed-to-offer-competitive-pricing-on-t-50-derived-advanced-fighter-trainer/. 
  161. ↑ 161.0 161.1 "T-X: The Sequel? New Tactical Trainer Solicitation Could Reignite Rivalries". 27 October 2021. https://breakingdefense.com/2021/10/t-x-the-sequel-new-tactical-trainer-solicitation-could-reignite-rivalries/. 
  162. ↑ 162.0 162.1 "Navy Follows Air Force In Wanting Another Jet Trainer Variant For Aggressor And Support Roles". Thedrive.com. 21 October 2021. https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/42839/navy-follows-air-force-in-wanting-another-jet-trainer-variant-for-aggressor-and-support-roles. 
  163. ↑ 163.0 163.1 "US Navy seeks new 'Aggressor' training aircraft". https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/us-navy-seeks-new-aggressor-training-aircraft. Retrieved 4 April 2023. 
  164. ↑ "Vietnam wants Western warplanes to counter China". http://www.businessinsider.com/r-exclusive-vietnam-eyes-western-warplanes-patrol-aircraft-to-counter-china-2015-6. 
  165. ↑ Gareth Jennings (12 September 2016). "Argentina evaluates Korean FA-50 fighter". IHS Jane's Defence Weekly. http://www.janes.com/article/63594/argentina-evaluates-korean-fa-50-fighter. 
  166. ↑ "[단독KAI, 12월 아르헨과 6천억대 FA-50 수출 계약..차환 제공 방식"]. MSN. https://www.msn.com/ko-kr/news/politics/%EB%8B%A8%EB%8F%85kai-12%EC%9B%94-%EC%95%84%EB%A5%B4%ED%97%A8%EA%B3%BC-6%EC%B2%9C%EC%96%B5%EB%8C%80-fa-50-%EC%88%98%EC%B6%9C-%EA%B3%84%EC%95%BD%EC%B0%A8%ED%99%98-%EC%A0%9C%EA%B3%B5-%EB%B0%A9%EC%8B%9D/ar-AAsyHir. 
  167. ↑ "Argentina plans to purchase FA-50 Fighting Eagle aircraft". 22 July 2019. https://www.airforce-technology.com/news/argentina-purchase-fa-50-fighting-eagle/. 
  168. ↑ David, Axe (13 August 2019). "Why Argentina Is Getting South Korea's Awesome FA-50 Fighter". https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/why-argentina-getting-south-koreas-awesome-fa-50-fighter-73321. 
  169. ↑ "Argentina denuncia el bloqueo británico para la adquisición de diez aviones KAI FA-50" (in es). infodefensa.com. 30 October 2020. https://www.infodefensa.com/latam/2020/10/30/noticia-argentina-denuncia-bloqueo-reino-unido-adquisicion-aviones.html. 
  170. ↑ "KAI steps up T-50 pitch to Israel". 6 May 2011. http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/kai-steps-up-t-50-pitch-to-israel-356303/. 
  171. ↑ Arie Egozi. "Israel selects Alenia Aermacchi M-346 for trainer deal". Flightglobal. http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/israel-selects-alenia-aermacchi-m-346-for-trainer-deal-368392/. 
  172. ↑ Katz, Yaakov (16 February 2012). "Italy wins IAF with combat trainer jet bid". The Jerusalem Post. http://www.jpost.com/Defense/Article.aspx?id=258135. 
  173. ↑ "South Korea's Black Eagles to fly KAI T-50" . Flightglobal.com, 19 March 2008.
  174. ↑ Alenia Aermacchi's M-346 wins Singapore jet trainer race. Janes.com (7 December 2010). Retrieved 5 June 2011.
  175. ↑ "空軍高級教練機轉自製 美、義爭與台廠合作拚690億商機-風傳媒". 20 July 2015. http://www.storm.mg/article/57539. 
  176. ↑ "'Blue Magpie' program to be inked today". 7 February 2017. http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/front/archives/2017/02/07/2003664491. 
  177. ↑ Jeong Yong-soo, Nam Koong-wook. "Contractor is nabbed for ripping off the military" . Korea JoongAng Daily, 16 April 2011.
  178. ↑ "Boeing Wins U.S. Air Force T-X Pilot Training Program Contract". Boeing (Press release). 27 September 2018.
  179. ↑ "Lockheed-KAI consortium fails to win US jet contract". The Korea Times. 28 September 2018. https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/nation/2018/09/205_256149.html. 
  180. ↑ "KAI to lease trainer jets to US despite losing contract to Boeing". Korea Herald. 23 March 2020. http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20200323000734&ACE_SEARCH=1. 
  181. ↑ Byung-wook, Tim (October 6, 2020). "KAI's trainer jet exports to US fumbled by coronavirus". Korea Herald. http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20201006000877. 
  182. ↑ "Negative signs involving KFX, T-50 projects: The DONG-A ILBO". http://english.donga.com/srv/service.php3?biid=2015102691288. 
  183. ↑ "US Stops Export of Korean Fighter Jets to Uzbekistan" . The Diplomat, 27 October 2015.
  184. ↑ "T-50 우즈베크 수출, 美 정부 반대 '무산 위기'". Korea Broadcasting System. 24 October 2015. http://news.kbs.co.kr/news/view.do?ncd=3170104&ref=A. 
  185. ↑ 185.0 185.1 185.2 185.3 "T-50 Family". http://www.koreaaero.com/english/product/fixedwing_t-50.asp. 
  186. ↑ "Lockheed Martin Publication" . Code One Magazine
  187. ↑ "KAI makes first delivery of its indigenous FA-50PH" . KAI Press Release, 27 November 2015.
  188. ↑ "KAI Developing Smarter FA-50 Golden Eagle". https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/defense/2019-01-22/kai-developing-smarter-fa-50-golden-eagle. 
  189. ↑ "KAI to modify FA-50 with Cobham refuelling probe". https://www.flightglobal.com/defence/kai-to-modify-fa-50-with-cobham-refuelling-probe/141412.article. 
  190. ↑ "ADEX 2021: KAI reveals more details about FA-50 upgrade plans". https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/adex-2021-kai-reveals-more-details-about-fa-50-upgrade-plans. 
  191. ↑ "KJCLUB". http://www.kjclub.com/kr/exchange/photo/read.php?uid=16553&fid=16553&thread=1000000&idx=1&page=1&tname=exc_board_53&number=12391. 
  192. ↑ "Fighter / Surface Attack Aircraft / Lead-in Fighter Trainer Acquisition Project (Phase 1) of the Philippine Air Force". December 26, 2020. https://www.phdefresource.com/2020/12/fighter-surface-attack-aircraft-lead-in.html?m=1. 
  193. ↑ 193.0 193.1 193.2 "KAI Unveils First 'Gap-Filler' Light Fighter for Poland". 11 March 2023. https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/defense/2023-03-11/kai-unveils-first-gap-filler-light-fighter-poland. 
  194. ↑ "KAI finalizes fighter jet deal with Malaysia". May 25, 2023. https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2023/05/25/business/industry/KAI-FA50-KF21/20230525181015796.html. 
  195. ↑ "KAI will export T-50s to Thailand". 17 September 2015. https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2015/09/116_187047.html. 
  196. ↑ "กองทัพอากาศสรุปการจัดหา T-50TH เพิ่ม 2 ลำ ล็อตสุดท้าย". 14 July 2015. https://thaiarmedforce.com/2021/07/14/rtaf-finalize-deal-for-last-2-t-50th/. 
  197. ↑ "Thailand to Buy T-50TH Aircraft with ELTA Radars". 13 July 2017. https://www.israeldefense.co.il/en/node/30326. 
  198. ↑ "Lockheed Martin presents T-50A". 11 February 2016. http://lockheedmartin.com/us/products/t50A.html. 
  199. ↑ Pertahanan Kemhan RI, Badan Sarana (9 November 2018). "Penandatanganan Kontrak Kerjasama Kemhan dengan KAI" (in id). https://www.kemhan.go.id/baranahan/2018/11/09/penandatanganan-kontrak-kerjasama-kemhan-dengan-kai.html. 
  200. ↑ "upgrade work involving the installation of radars and guns on the existing TNI-AU stock of T-50i Golden Eagle trainers". 8 November 2018. http://www.defense-aerospace.com/articles-view/release/3/197469/indonesia-orders-korean-t_50-jet-trainers.html. 
  201. ↑ "Indonesia: Investigation under way after Air Force training aircraft skids off runway in East Java". 11 August 2020. https://www.thestar.com.my/aseanplus/aseanplus-news/2020/08/11/indonesia-investigation-under-way-after-air-force-training-aircraft-skids-off-runway-in-east-java. 
  202. ↑ "Indonesia Ordered Six T-50 Advanced Training Aircraft" (in en-US). 2021-07-25. https://www.globaldefensecorp.com/2021/07/26/indonesia-ordered-six-t-50-advanced-training-aircraft/. 
  203. ↑ "Korea Aerospace wins US$240 mln trainer jet deal in Indonesia". 20 July 2021. https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20210720005000320. 
  204. ↑ Jennings, Gareth (29 November 2019). "Iraq receives final T-50IQ light fighter and trainer aircraft". https://www.janes.com/article/92916/iraq-receives-final-t-50iq-light-fighter-and-trainer-aircraft. 
  205. ↑ "Domestic light aircraft FA-50, delivered to the Air Force this month / 예천 비행단 무장훈련용으로 TA-50 22대 전력화(TA-50 powering 22 units for Yecheon Wing Armament training)". http://bemil.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2014/12/10/2014121001237.html. 
  206. ↑ "Domestic light aircraft FA-50, delivered to the Air Force this month". http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr/bulletin/2016/10/21/0200000000AKR20161021049700014.HTML. 
  207. ↑ "Thailand's Air Force Commissions First Four T-50TH Supersonic Advanced Trainers". Defense World. 4 April 2018. https://www.defenseworld.net/news/22285/Thailand___s_Air_Force_Commissions_First_Four_T_50TH_Supersonic_Advanced_Trainers#.Xzm_cXPQF-E. 
  208. ↑ Hoyle2012-11-15T12:02:00+00:00, Craig. "South Korean display team pilot killed in T-50B crash" (in en). https://www.flightglobal.com/south-korean-display-team-pilot-killed-in-t-50b-crash/107868.article. 
  209. ↑ "Attrition: For Want Of A Wire". https://www.strategypage.com/htmw/htatrit/20121212.aspx. 
  210. ↑ "Two pilots die in terrifying plane crash at air show in Yogyakarta, Indonesia". 20 December 2015. http://www.news.com.au/travel/travel-updates/incidents/two-pilots-die-in-terrifying-plane-crash-at-air-show-in-yogyakarta-indonesia/news-story/c601cf579ab17aa82b34d39652b2eb42. 
  211. ↑ "Fighter jet crashes at Indonesian air show". 20 December 2015. https://www.smh.com.au/world/jet-fighter-crashes-at-indonesian-air-show-20151220-gls2zm.html. 
  212. ↑ Prima Gumilang (12 February 2016). "Defense: T-50i fighter jet falls due to human technical error". CNN Indonesia Jumat. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20160212164156-20-110610/menhan-jet-tempur-t-50i-jatuh-sebab-kesalahan-teknis-manusia. 
  213. ↑ "T-50 Runway Excursion in Changi Airport". 6 February 2018. https://www.mot.gov.sg/docs/default-source/default-document-library/t-50-runway-excursion-in-changi-airport-6-feb-18-final-report.pdf. 
  214. ↑ hermesauto (2018-02-06). "Singapore Airshow 2018: Single-seater aircraft involved in accident; pilot escapes with minor injuries" (in en). https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/transport/singapore-airshow-single-seater-aircraft-involved-in-accident-pilot-escapes-with. 
  215. ↑ Moch. Fiqih Prawira Adjie. Air Force confirms death of pilot after plane skids off runway The Jakarta Post. September 3, 2020
  216. ↑ "Pilot Killed After Indonesian Military Jet Crashes During Training Mission". 19 July 2022. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-07-19/indonesian-military-jet-trainer-crashes-killing-its-pilot. 
  217. ↑ 217.0 217.1 217.2 217.3 217.4 "FA-50 Fighter Jet". Korea Aerospace Industries. Archived from the original on 16 September 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230916221526/https://www.koreaaero.com/EN/Business/FA50.aspx. Retrieved 16 September 2023. 
  218. ↑ 218.0 218.1 "All Lockheed Martin Products". http://www.lockheedmartin.com/us/products/t50/t-50-specifications.html. 
  219. ↑ "첫 국산 경공격기 FA-50". Defense Acquisition Program Administration. December 2022. Archived from the original on 17 September 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230917042154/https://dapa-magazine.kr/page/vol127/view.php?volNum=vol127&seq=9. Retrieved 17 September 2023. 
  220. ↑ "T-50 family". https://www.koreaaero.com/english/product/fixedwing_t-50.asp. 
  221. ↑ "FA-50 Light Combat Aircraft". Air Force Technology. https://www.airforce-technology.com/projects/fa-50-light-combat-aircraft-south-korea/. 
  222. ↑ "KAI T-50 Golden Eagle Airplane Videos and Airplane Pictures". http://www.livingwarbirds.com/kai-t-50-golden-eagle.php. 
  223. ↑ "T-50 Aircraft Completes Aerial Gunfire Testing". http://www.aero-news.net/annticker.cfm?do=main.textpost&id=2cc421da-1641-457d-9ffc-e9f9bac9284b. 
  224. ↑ 224.0 224.1 224.2 "FA-50-". http://bemil.chosun.com/nbrd/bbs/view.html?b_bbs_id=10158&pn=1&num=5525. 
  225. ↑ "Korean Guided GPS Bomb kit(KGGB)". Agency for Defense Development. Archived from the original on 21 May 2023. https://archive.today/20230521150521/https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02862&siteId=SITE00003. Retrieved 21 May 2023. 
  226. ↑ https://www.defensemirror.com/news/35500/MBDA___s_SPEAR__ASRAAM_and_Brimstone_to_be_Armed_on_Korean_KF_21__FA_50_Jets
  227. ↑ "Taurus seeks to supply mid-range missiles on Korea's FA-50". 23 October 2015. http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2015/10/116_189345.html. 
  228. ↑ "South Korea plans to arm its FA-50 light combat fighters with new variant of the Taurus missile". http://www.airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/global-news-2015/october/2056-south-korea-plans-to-arm-its-fa-50-light-combat-fighters-with-new-variant-of-the-taurus-missile.html. 
  229. ↑ "FA-50, 대한민국에서 만든 최초의 경공격기". Korea Aerospace Industries. 2 February 2013. https://koreaaero.tistory.com/4. 
  230. ↑ "LIG넥스원, FA-50에 적용 가능한 AESA 레이더 선보인다". LIG Nex1. 2 May 2022. Archived from the original on 14 May 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230514085901/https://www.lignex1.com/web/kor/prcenter/news/view.do?seq=5723. Retrieved 14 May 2023. 

External links



Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Engineering:KAI_T-50_Golden_Eagle&oldid=3227416"