Chemistry:Phemerazole
Phemerazole, or femerazol, also known as 5-phenyl-3-methylpyrazole, is a sedative drug and arylpyrazole derivative.[1][2][3][4][5] It produces sedative, hypnotic, hypolocomotive, antiaggressive, anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant, and hypothermic effects in animals.[1][2][6][7] In addition to its central nervous system effects, the drug has been found to potentiate the effects of diethylstilbestrol on the mammary glands in animals, including producing ductal and alveolar hyperplasia, stromal hyperemia, and lactogenesis.[1][4][5] Its effects in this regard were said to resemble those of the sedative prolactin releasers chlorpromazine and reserpine.[4][5] The exact mechanisms of action of phemerazole in terms of its various effects do not appear to be known.[4][5] Phemerazole was first described in the scientific literature by 1960.[2][6][7] Various active analogues and derivatives of phemerazole are known.[1]
See also
- List of Russian drugs
- Aminorex
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Biologically active pyrazoles". Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 57 (4): 537–556. April 1968. doi:10.1002/jps.2600570401. PMID 4385101. Bibcode: 1968JPhmS..57..537O. "Phemerazole,3-methyl-5-phenylpyrazole (XL), was one of a group of pyrazoles which evoked sharply pronounced sedative, soporific, anticonvulsant, and hypothermic responses. [...] Phemerazole potentiated the action of diethylstilbestrol on mammary glands (250-254). [...] The versatility of action of even the simplest pyrazoles was noteworthy, and pyrazole, itself, was mentioned on several occasions. [...] The simple histamine isomer, betazole, manifested greater specificity on gastric secretions than histamine, while 3-methyl-5-phenylpyrazole, phemerazole, was an excellent central spasmolytic anticonvulsant.".
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Phemerazole". Psychopharmacology Handbook: Animal Research in Psychopharmacology. Public Health Service publication. U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health. 1960. pp. 325–326. https://books.google.com/books?id=mOs0AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA325.
- ↑ Russian Drug Index. U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service. 1967. pp. 224. https://books.google.com/books?id=bOhsAAAAMAAJ&q=phemerazole&pg=PA224.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 "Adjuvant effect of 5-phenyl-3-methylpyrazole (phemerazole) on the action of diethylstilstrol on the mammary glands of rabbits". Biulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii I Meditsiny 51 (5): 584–586. October 1961. doi:10.1007/BF00788451. PMID 14038299.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 "[Potentiation of the effect of diethylstilbestrol on the mammary gland in rabbits under the influence of 3-methyl-5-phenylpyrazole (phemerazole)]" (in Russian). Biulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii I Meditsiny 51: 74–76. May 1961. PMID 13734605.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 "[Sedative and hypothermic properties of 3-methyl-5-phenylpyrazole (Phemerazole)]" (in Russian). Farmakologiia i Toksikologiia 23: 216–220. 1960. PMID 13734606.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "[Effect of 3-methyl-5-phenylpyrazole (phemerazole) on the action of substances stimulating the central nervous system]" (in Russian). Farmakologiia i Toksikologiia 23: 488–493. 1960. PMID 13729785.
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