Chemistry:Tungsten(IV) chloride
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| Other names
tungsten tetrachloride
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3D model (JSmol)
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PubChem CID
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| Properties | |
| Cl4W | |
| Molar mass | 325.65 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | black solid |
| Density | 4.62 g·cm−3 |
| Melting point | 450 °C (842 °F; 723 K) |
| Hazards | |
| GHS pictograms |  
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| GHS Signal word | Danger |
| H302, H314 | |
| P260, P264, P270, P280, P301+312, P301+330+331, P303+361+353, P304+340, P305+351+338, P310, P321, P330, P363, P405, P501 | |
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Other anions
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Tungsten(IV) fluoride |
Related compounds
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Tungsten(V) chloride Tungsten hexachloride |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Tungsten(IV) chloride is an inorganic compound with the formula WCl4. It is a diamagnetic black solid. The compound is of interest in research as one of a handful of binary tungsten chlorides.
Structure and preparation
WCl4 is usually prepared by reduction tungsten hexachloride. Many reductants have been reported, including red phosphorus, tungsten hexacarbonyl, gallium, tin, and antimony. The latter is reported to be optimal:[1]
- [math]\displaystyle{ \mathrm{3 \ WCl_6 + 2 \ Sb \longrightarrow 3 \ WCl_4 + 2 \ SbCl_3} }[/math]
Like most binary metal halides, WCl4 is polymeric. It consists of linear chains of tungsten atoms each in octahedral geometry. Of six chloride ligands attached to each W center, four are bridging ligands. The W-W separations are alternatingly bonding (2.688 Å) and nonbonding (3.787 Å).
Reactions
Reduction of tungsten(IV) chloride with sodium yields the ditungsten(III) heptachloride derivative:[2]
- 2 WCl4 + 5 thf + 2 Na → [Na(thf)3][W2Cl7(thf)2] + NaCl
References
- ↑ Zhou, Yibo; Kolesnichenko, Vladimir; Messerle, Louis (2014). "Crystalline and Amorphous Forms of Tungsten Tetrachloride". Inorganic Syntheses: Volume 36. Inorganic Syntheses. 36. pp. 30–34. doi:10.1002/9781118744994.ch6. ISBN 9781118744994.
- ↑ Broderick, Erin M.; Browne, Samuel C.; Johnson, Marc J. A. (2014). Dimolybdenum and Ditungsten Hexa(Alkoxides). Inorganic Syntheses. 36. pp. 95–102. doi:10.1002/9781118744994.ch18. ISBN 9781118744994.
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