Chemistry:Anisodamine
Anisodamine, also known as 7β-hydroxyhyoscyamine, is a mAChR anticholinergic and α1 adrenergic receptor antagonist used in the treatment of acute circulatory shock in China.[1] It is given orally or by injection, as a racemic mixture (racanisodamine) or as a hydrobromide salt of the natural enantiometer.[2] Eye drops at 0.5% concentration for slowing the progression of myopia is also available in China.[3]
Anisodamine is a naturally occurring tropane alkaloid found in some plants of the family Solanaceae including Datura.[4] Its Mandarin Chinese name 山莨菪碱 is given after Anisodus tanguticus (Chinese: 山莨菪; pinyin: shān làng dàng).[5]
In rodents, anisodamine is more "selective" in its action compared to atropine. It poorly passes the blood-brain barrier and binds brain mAChR less tightly. In rodents, it exhibits weaker CNS effects,[6] causes less mydriasis, but has approximately equal or slightly lower potency in blocking spasms and in reducing GI motility.[7] Chinese textbooks consider it to have a similar spectrum of effects on humans.[8] As a result, it (or rather, its synthetic racemic version) is widely used in China. It was added to China's national Essential Medicine List in 2012.[9]
See also
- Anisodine
- Atropine, used for similar cardiac and optamological purposes elsewhere
- Hyoscyamine
References
- ↑ "Adrenoceptor blocking properties of atropine-like agents anisodamine and anisodine on brain and cardiovascular tissues of rats". British Journal of Pharmacology 87 (3): 587–594. March 1986. doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1986.tb10201.x. PMID 2879586.
- ↑ "Pharmacopoeia Search: "山莨菪碱"". 中国药典. http://www.yaobiaozhun.com/yd2015/index.php?k=%E5%B1%B1%E8%8E%A8%E8%8F%AA%E7%A2%B1.
- ↑ "消旋山莨菪碱滴眼液防治少年儿童假性近视的疗效分析" (in zh-cn). 国际医药卫生导报 14 (15): 67–68. 2008. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2008.15.027. http://med.wanfangdata.com.cn/Paper/Detail?id=PeriodicalPaper_gjyywsdb200815027. Retrieved 2017-12-03.
- ↑ "Simultaneous determination of atropine, scopolamine, and anisodamine in Flos daturae by capillary electrophoresis using a capillary coated by graphene oxide". Journal of Separation Science 36 (16): 2698–2702. August 2013. doi:10.1002/jssc.201300304. PMID 23868645.
- ↑ "消旋山莨菪碱" (in zh-CN). 中国药典. http://www.yaobiaozhun.com/yd2015/view.php?v=txt&id=4045.
- ↑ "Differential neuropsychopharmacological influences of naturally occurring tropane alkaloids anisodamine versus scopolamine". Neuroscience Letters 443 (3): 241–245. October 2008. doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2008.07.048. PMID 18672024.
- ↑ "The pharmacological properties of anisodamine". Journal of Applied Toxicology 27 (2): 116–121. March 2007. doi:10.1002/jat.1154. PMID 17186568.
- ↑ "第八章 作用于胆碱受体药物 [8 Agents acting on acetylcholine receptors]" (in zh). 麻醉药理学 (4 ed.). Beijing: 人民卫生出版社. 2016. p. 133. ISBN 978-7-117-22701-8.
- ↑ "Update on the sources, pharmacokinetics, pharmacological action, and clinical application of anisodamine". Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 161. May 2023. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114522. PMID 37002581.
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