Chemistry:Oxprenolol

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Oxprenolol, sold under the brand name Trasicor among others, is a non-selective beta blocker with some intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. It is used for the treatment of angina pectoris, abnormal heart rhythms, and high blood pressure.

Medical uses

Oxprenolol is used in the treatment of angina pectoris, abnormal heart rhythms, and high blood pressure.

It has been used to treat anxiety as well.[1][2]

Contraindications

Oxprenolol is a potent beta blocker and should not be administered to asthmatics under any circumstances due to their low beta levels as a result of depletion due to other asthma medication, and because it can cause irreversible, often fatal, airway failure and inflammation.[3]

Pharmacology

Pharmacodynamics

Oxprenolol is a beta blocker. In addition, it has been found to act as an antagonist of the serotonin 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors with respective Ki values of 94.2 nM and 642 nM in rat brain tissue.[4]

Pharmacokinetics

Oxprenolol is a lipophilic beta blocker which passes the blood–brain barrier more easily than hydrophilic beta blockers. As such, it is associated with a higher incidence of CNS-related side effects than beta blockers with more hydrophilic molecules such as atenolol, sotalol, and nadolol.[5] The brain-to-blood ratio of oxprenolol in humans has been found to be 50:1.[6] For comparison, the brain-to-blood ratio of the highly lipophilic propranolol was 15:1 to 26:1 and of the hydrophilic atenolol was 0.2:1.[6]

Chemistry

The experimental log P of oxprenolol is 2.10.[7][8]

Stereochemistry

Oxprenolol is a chiral compound, the beta blocker is used as a racemate, e. g. a 1:1 mixture of (R)-(+)-oxprenolol and (S)-(–)-oxprenolol. Analytical methods (HPLC) for the separation and quantification of (R)-(+)-oxprenolol and (S)-(–)-oxprenolol in urine and in pharmaceutical formulations have been described in the literature.[9]

(R)-(+)-Oxprenolol (top) and (S)-(–)-oxprenolol

Society and culture

Brand names

Brand names of oxprenolol include Trasacor, Trasicor, Coretal, Laracor, Slow-Pren, Captol, Corbeton, Slow-Trasicor, Tevacor, Trasitensin, and Trasidex.

References

  1. ↑ "The Use of β-Adrenergic Receptor Antagonists in Psychiatry: A Review". J Acad Consult Liaison Psychiatry 62 (4): 404–412. 2021. doi:10.1016/j.jaclp.2020.12.009. PMID 34210401. 
  2. ↑ "Beta-blockers for the treatment of anxiety disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis". J Affect Disord 368: 90–99. January 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.068. PMID 39271062. 
  3. ↑ "Severe asthma after inadvertent ingestion of oxprenolol". Thorax 35 (2): 160. February 1980. doi:10.1136/thx.35.2.160. PMID 7376124. 
  4. ↑ "Structural analysis by the comparative molecular field analysis method of the affinity of beta-adrenoreceptor blocking agents for 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors". European Journal of Pharmacology 244 (1): 77–87. January 1993. doi:10.1016/0922-4106(93)90061-d. PMID 8093601. 
  5. ↑ "Comparison of pharmacokinetic properties of beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs". European Heart Journal. 8 8 Suppl M: 9–14. December 1987. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/8.suppl_M.9. PMID 2897304. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Lipophilicity, hydrophilicity, and the central nervous system side effects of beta blockers". Pharmacotherapy 7 (4): 87–91. 1987. doi:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1987.tb04029.x. PMID 2891122. 
  7. ↑ https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/4631
  8. ↑ https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB01580
  9. ↑ "Separation and quantitation of oxprenolol in urine and pharmaceutical formulations by HPLC using a Chiralpak IC and UV detection". Monatshefte für Chemie - Chemical Monthly 143 (3): 365–371. 2011. doi:10.1007/s00706-011-0605-4. 



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