Chemistry:Nalodeine
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| Other names | N-Allylnorcodeine |
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| Formula | C20H23NO3 |
| Molar mass | 325.408 g·mol−1 |
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Nalodeine, also known more commonly as N-allylnorcodeine, is an opioid antagonist (specifically, an antagonist of the μ-opioid receptor) that was never marketed but is notable as the first opioid antagonist to be discovered.[1][2] It was first reported in 1915 and was found to block the effects of morphine in animals.[3][2] This was followed by the clinical introduction of nalorphine (N-allylnormorphine) in 1954, naloxone (N-allyloxymorphone) in 1960, and naltrexone (N-methylcyclopropyloxymorphone) in 1963.[2] Nalmefene (6-desoxy-6-methylene-naltrexone), another structurally related opioid antagonist derivative, was also subsequently introduced, in 1996.[4] In animals, nalodeine both reverses morphine- and heroin-induced respiratory depression and acts as a respiratory stimulant in its own right (i.e., when given alone).[5] Similarly to nalorphine, nalodeine has also been found to act as an agonist of the κ-opioid receptor.[6]
See also
References
- ↑ "The Evolution of Concepts of Opioid Receptors". The Opiate Receptors. Springer Science & Business Media. 17 April 2013. pp. 4–. ISBN 978-1-60761-990-1. https://books.google.com/books?id=vhfyBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA4.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Identification". APC Essentials of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology. Avichal Publishing Company. pp. 554–. ISBN 978-81-7739-441-2. https://books.google.com/books?id=iSH8CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA554.
- ↑ "Naltrexone. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic efficacy in the management of opioid dependence". Drugs 35 (3): 192–213. March 1988. doi:10.2165/00003495-198835030-00002. PMID 2836152.
- ↑ Primer of Drug Action. Worth Publishers. 8 October 2010. pp. 349–. ISBN 978-1-4292-3343-9. https://books.google.com/books?id=GF_mKNKUTqYC&pg=PA349.
- ↑ "Structure-Activity Relationships of Synthetic and Semisynthetic opioid agonist and antagonists". Current Medicinal Chemistry (Bentham Science Publishers) 6 (1): 423–440. April 1995. doi:10.2174/092986730106220216112120. https://books.google.com/books?id=eMw2LsjQ5PQC&pg=PA423.
- ↑ "Effects of epoxidation on the actions of normorphine, norcodeine, N-allylnormorphine(nalorphine) and N-allylnorcodeine on the electrically stimulated guinea pig ileum". Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 33 (4): 1681–1686. April 1985. doi:10.1248/cpb.33.1681. PMID 4042244.
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