Biology:CD24
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Signal transducer CD24 also known as cluster of differentiation 24 or heat stable antigen CD24 (HSA) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD24 gene.[1] CD24 is a cell adhesion molecule.
Function
CD24 is a sialoglycoprotein expressed at the surface of most B lymphocytes and differentiating neuroblasts. It is also expressed on neutrophils[2] and neutrophil precursors from the myelocyte stage onwards. The encoded protein is anchored via a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI) link to the cell surface. The protein also contributes to a wide range of downstream signaling networks and is crucial for neural development.[3] Cross-linking of CD24 on the surface of neutrophils induces apoptosis,[4] and this appears to be defective in sepsis.[4] CD24 gene is found on chromosome 6 (6q21) An alignment of this gene's sequence finds genomic locations with similarity on chromosomes 1p36, 3p26, 15q21.3, 20q11.2 and Yq11.222. Whether transcription, and corresponding translation, occurs at each of these other genomic locations needs to be experimentally determined.[citation needed]
References
- ↑ "Mapping of CD24 and homologous sequences to multiple chromosomal loci". Genomics 22 (1): 154–61. July 1994. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1356. PMID 7959762.
- ↑ "Assessment of CD24 expression on bone marrow neutrophilic granulocytes: CD24 is a marker for the myelocytic stage of development". American Journal of Hematology 71 (4): 348–9. December 2002. doi:10.1002/ajh.10176. PMID 12447971.
- ↑ "The CD24 surface antigen in neural development and disease". Neurobiology of Disease 99: 133–144. March 2017. doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2016.12.011. PMID 27993646.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "CD24-triggered caspase-dependent apoptosis via mitochondrial membrane depolarization and reactive oxygen species production of human neutrophils is impaired in sepsis". Journal of Immunology 192 (5): 2449–59. March 2014. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1301055. PMID 24501201.
Further reading
- "CD24 polymorphisms affect risk and progression of chronic hepatitis B virus infection". Hepatology 50 (3): 735–42. September 2009. doi:10.1002/hep.23047. PMID 19610054.
- "CD24 Ala57Val gene polymorphism and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus". Tissue Antigens 75 (6): 696–700. June 2010. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.2010.01447.x. PMID 20230526.
- "The CD44+/CD24- phenotype is enriched in basal-like breast tumors". Breast Cancer Research 10 (3): R53. 2008. doi:10.1186/bcr2108. PMID 18559090.
- "Overexpression of CD24, c-myc and phospholipase 2A in prostate cancer tissue samples obtained by needle biopsy". Pathology & Oncology Research 15 (2): 279–83. June 2009. doi:10.1007/s12253-008-9077-1. PMID 18752058.
- "Enhanced CD24 expression in endometrial carcinoma and its expression pattern in normal and hyperplastic endometrium". Histology and Histopathology 24 (3): 309–16. March 2009. doi:10.14670/HH-24.309. PMID 19130400.
- "Tumor-endothelial interaction links the CD44(+)/CD24(-) phenotype with poor prognosis in early-stage breast cancer". Neoplasia 11 (10): 987–1002. October 2009. doi:10.1593/neo.09670. PMID 19794958.
- "CD15, CD24, and CD29 define a surface biomarker code for neural lineage differentiation of stem cells". Stem Cells 27 (12): 2928–40. December 2009. doi:10.1002/stem.211. PMID 19725119.
- "CD24-Siglec G/10 discriminates danger- from pathogen-associated molecular patterns". Trends in Immunology 30 (12): 557–61. December 2009. doi:10.1016/j.it.2009.09.006. PMID 19786366.
- "Twist modulates breast cancer stem cells by transcriptional regulation of CD24 expression". Neoplasia 11 (12): 1318–28. December 2009. doi:10.1593/neo.91084. PMID 20019840.
- "The novel oncogene CD24 and its arising role in the carcinogenesis of the GI tract: from research to therapy". Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 2 (1): 125–33. February 2008. doi:10.1586/17474124.2.1.125. PMID 19072375.
- "Tissue-specific promoters active in CD44+CD24-/low breast cancer cells". Cancer Research 68 (14): 5533–9. July 2008. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-5288. PMID 18632604.
- "Autoreactive T cells escape clonal deletion in the thymus by a CD24-dependent pathway". Journal of Immunology 181 (1): 320–8. July 2008. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.181.1.320. PMID 18566397.
- "Expression of CD24, P-cadherin and S100A4 in tumors of the ampulla of Vater". Modern Pathology 22 (2): 306–13. February 2009. doi:10.1038/modpathol.2008.192. PMID 19043399.
- "CD24-dependent MAPK pathway activation is required for colorectal cancer cell proliferation". Cancer Science 101 (1): 112–9. January 2010. doi:10.1111/j.1349-7006.2009.01370.x. PMID 19860845.
- "CD24 expression is a novel prognostic factor in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma". Annals of Surgical Oncology 16 (2): 506–14. February 2009. doi:10.1245/s10434-008-0252-0. PMID 19050962.
- "CD24 is a novel predictor for poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma after surgery". Clinical Cancer Research 15 (17): 5518–27. September 2009. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-09-0151. PMID 19706825.
- "CD24 overexpression in cancer development and progression: a meta-analysis". Oncology Reports 22 (5): 1149–56. November 2009. doi:10.3892/or_00000548. PMID 19787233.
- "Lipid rafts clustering and signalling by listeriolysin O". Biochemical Society Transactions 32 (Pt 5): 712–4. November 2004. doi:10.1042/BST0320712. PMID 15493995.
- "CD24 expression has a prognostic impact in breast carcinoma". Pathology, Research and Practice 205 (8): 524–33. 2009. doi:10.1016/j.prp.2009.01.008. PMID 19243896.
- "CD24 gene polymorphism is associated with the disease progression and susceptibility to multiple sclerosis in the Iranian population". Psychiatry Research 170 (2–3): 271–2. December 2009. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2009.01.002. PMID 19896210.
- "Cell Surface Glycoprotein CD24 Marks Bone Marrow-Derived Human Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells with Reduced Proliferative and Differentiation Capacity In Vitro". Stem Cells & Development 30 (6): 325–336. March 2021. doi:10.1089/scd.2021.0027. PMID 33593128.
External links
- CD24+Antigen at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Mouse CD Antigen Chart
- Human CD Antigen Chart
- www.copewithcytokines.de: description of CD24 expression
- CD24 human gene location in the UCSC Genome Browser.
- CD24 human gene details in the UCSC Genome Browser.
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