Biology:CLEC4M

Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Generic protein structure example

C-type lectin domain family 4 member M is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLEC4M gene. CLEC4M has also been designated as CD299 (cluster of differentiation 299).

This gene encodes L-SIGN (liver/lymph node-specific intracellular adhesion molecules-3 grabbing non-integrin), a type II integral membrane protein that is 77% identical to CD209 antigen, an HIV gp120-binding protein. This protein, like CD209, efficiently binds both intercellular adhesion molecule 3 (ICAM3) and HIV-1 gp120, and enhances HIV-1 infection of T cells. This gene is mapped to 19p13.3, in a cluster with the CD209 and CD23/FCER2 genes. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene, but the biological validity of some variants has not been determined.

Further reading

• "The role of DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR in HIV and Ebola virus infection: can potential therapeutics block virus transmission and dissemination?". Expert Opin. Ther. Targets 6 (4): 423–31. 2006. doi:10.1517/14728222.6.4.423. PMID 12223058. 
• Becker Y (2004). "HIV-1 gp120 binding to dendritic cell receptors mobilize the virus to the lymph nodes, but the induced IL-4 synthesis by FcepsilonRI+ hematopoietic cells damages the adaptive immunity--a review, hypothesis, and implications.". Virus Genes 29 (1): 147–65. doi:10.1023/B:VIRU.0000032797.43537.d3. PMID 15215692. 
• "Human hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells can be distinguished by expression of phenotypic markers related to their specialised functions in vivo.". World J. Gastroenterol. 12 (34): 5429–39. 2006. doi:10.3748/wjg.v12.i34.5429. PMID 17006978. 
• "Sequence and expression of a membrane-associated C-type lectin that exhibits CD4-independent binding of human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein gp120.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (17): 8356–60. 1992. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.17.8356. PMID 1518869. Bibcode: 1992PNAS...89.8356C. 
• "Lectin-carbohydrate interactions and infectivity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1).". AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 8 (1): 27–37. 1992. doi:10.1089/aid.1992.8.27. PMID 1736938. 
• "DC-SIGN; a related gene, DC-SIGNR; and CD23 form a cluster on 19p13.". J. Immunol. 165 (6): 2937–42. 2000. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.165.6.2937. PMID 10975799. 
• "DC-SIGNR, a DC-SIGN homologue expressed in endothelial cells, binds to human and simian immunodeficiency viruses and activates infection in trans.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98 (5): 2670–5. 2001. doi:10.1073/pnas.051631398. PMID 11226297. Bibcode: 2001PNAS...98.2670P. 
• "A dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule 3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN)-related protein is highly expressed on human liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and promotes HIV-1 infection.". J. Exp. Med. 193 (6): 671–8. 2001. doi:10.1084/jem.193.6.671. PMID 11257134. 
• "Extensive repertoire of membrane-bound and soluble dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin 1 (DC-SIGN1) and DC-SIGN2 isoforms. Inter-individual variation in expression of DC-SIGN transcripts.". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (35): 33196–212. 2001. doi:10.1074/jbc.M009807200. PMID 11337487. 
• "A novel mechanism of carbohydrate recognition by the C-type lectins DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR. Subunit organization and binding to multivalent ligands.". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (31): 28939–45. 2001. doi:10.1074/jbc.M104565200. PMID 11384997. 
• "Structural basis for selective recognition of oligosaccharides by DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR.". Science 294 (5549): 2163–6. 2002. doi:10.1126/science.1066371. PMID 11739956. 
• "C-type lectins DC-SIGN and L-SIGN mediate cellular entry by Ebola virus in cis and in trans.". J. Virol. 76 (13): 6841–4. 2002. doi:10.1128/JVI.76.13.6841-6844.2002. PMID 12050398. 
• "Expression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-binding lectin DC-SIGNR: Consequences for HIV infection and immunity.". Hum. Pathol. 33 (6): 652–9. 2002. doi:10.1053/hupa.2002.124036. PMID 12152166. 
• "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. 2003. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...9916899M. 
• "Differential N-linked glycosylation of human immunodeficiency virus and Ebola virus envelope glycoproteins modulates interactions with DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR.". J. Virol. 77 (2): 1337–46. 2003. doi:10.1128/JVI.77.2.1337-1346.2003. PMID 12502850. 
• "Hepatitis C virus glycoproteins interact with DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR.". J. Virol. 77 (7): 4070–80. 2003. doi:10.1128/JVI.77.7.4070-4080.2003. PMID 12634366. 
• "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. 2004. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039. 
• "Dynamic populations of dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin-positive immature dendritic cells and liver/lymph node-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin-positive endothelial cells in the outer zones of the paracortex of human lymph nodes.". Am. J. Pathol. 164 (5): 1587–95. 2004. doi:10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63717-0. PMID 15111305. 

External links

• CLEC4M+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• CLEC4M human gene location in the UCSC Genome Browser.
• CLEC4M human gene details in the UCSC Genome Browser.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.