Biology:T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 epsilon chain

Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Generic protein structure example

CD3e molecule, epsilon also known as CD3E is a polypeptide which in humans is encoded by the CD3E gene which resides on chromosome 11.

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is the CD3-epsilon polypeptide, which together with CD3-gamma, -delta and -zeta, and the T-cell receptor alpha/beta and gamma/delta heterodimers, forms the T cell receptor-CD3 complex. This complex plays an important role in coupling antigen recognition to several intracellular signal-transduction pathways. The genes encoding the epsilon, gamma and delta polypeptides are located in the same cluster on chromosome 11. The epsilon polypeptide plays an essential role in T-cell development.

Clinical significance

Defects in this gene cause severe immunodeficiency. This gene has also been linked to a susceptibility to type I diabetes in women.

Interactions

T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 epsilon chain has been shown to interact with TOP2B, CD3EAP and NCK2.

See also

• CD3 (immunology)
• Cluster of differentiation

Further reading

• "Therapeutic biology: checkpoint pathway activation therapy, HIV Tat, and transkingdom RNA interference". Journal of Cellular Physiology 209 (3): 695–700. December 2006. doi:10.1002/jcp.20817. PMID 17001685. 
• "Structural analysis of low TCR-CD3 complex expression in T cells of an immunodeficient patient". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 267 (1): 487–93. January 1992. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)48521-3. PMID 1370449. 
• "The antigen-specific induction of normal human lymphocytes in vitro is down-regulated by a conserved HIV p24 epitope". Immunology Letters 33 (3): 307–14. August 1992. doi:10.1016/0165-2478(92)90078-3. PMID 1385321. 
• "Expression of cytoplasmic CD3 epsilon proteins in activated human adult natural killer (NK) cells and CD3 gamma, delta, epsilon complexes in fetal NK cells. Implications for the relationship of NK and T lymphocytes". Journal of Immunology 149 (6): 1876–80. September 1992. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.149.6.1876. PMID 1387664. 
• "Susceptibility to type I diabetes in women is associated with the CD3 epsilon locus on chromosome 11". Clinical and Experimental Immunology 83 (1): 69–73. January 1991. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.1991.tb05590.x. PMID 1671006. 
• "A synthetic peptide with sequence identity to the transmembrane protein GP41 of HIV-1 inhibits distinct lymphocyte activation pathways dependent on protein kinase C and intracellular calcium influx". Cellular Immunology 137 (1): 1–13. October 1991. doi:10.1016/0008-8749(91)90051-C. PMID 1832084. 
• "Human immunodeficiency virus-1 glycoproteins gp120 and gp160 specifically inhibit the CD3/T cell-antigen receptor phosphoinositide transduction pathway". The Journal of Clinical Investigation 86 (6): 2117–24. December 1990. doi:10.1172/JCI114950. PMID 1979339. 
• "Immunoregulatory effect of a synthetic peptide corresponding to a region of protein p24 of HIV". Folia Biologica 36 (1): 71–7. 1990. PMID 2111780. 
• "The implications of subunit interactions for the structure of the T cell receptor-CD3 complex". European Journal of Immunology 20 (2): 299–305. February 1990. doi:10.1002/eji.1830200211. PMID 2138083. 
• "Isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone encoding the murine homologue of the human 20K T3/T-cell receptor glycoprotein". Nature 314 (6011): 542–4. 1985. doi:10.1038/314542a0. PMID 2859526. Bibcode: 1985Natur.314..542V. 
• "Isolation of cDNA clones encoding the 20K non-glycosylated polypeptide chain of the human T-cell receptor/T3 complex". Nature 321 (6068): 431–4. 1986. doi:10.1038/321431a0. PMID 3012357. Bibcode: 1986Natur.321..431G. 
• "Human CD3-epsilon gene contains three miniexons and is transcribed from a non-TATA promoter". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 85 (21): 8156–60. November 1988. doi:10.1073/pnas.85.21.8156. PMID 3267235. 
• "Evolutionary relationship between the T3 chains of the T-cell receptor complex and the immunoglobulin supergene family". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 84 (21): 7649–53. November 1987. doi:10.1073/pnas.84.21.7649. PMID 3478717. Bibcode: 1987PNAS...84.7649G. 
• "CD3 delta and epsilon gene expression in CD3-CD16+ natural killer cell clones derived from thymic precursors". Human Immunology 43 (4): 283–94. August 1995. doi:10.1016/0198-8859(95)91034-U. PMID 7499176. 
• "Physical dissociation of the TCR-CD3 complex accompanies receptor ligation". The Journal of Experimental Medicine 182 (6): 1997–2006. December 1995. doi:10.1084/jem.182.6.1997. PMID 7500045. 
• "Costimulatory properties of the human CD4 molecule: enhancement of CD3-induced T cell activation by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 through viral envelope glycoprotein gp120". AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 9 (10): 945–55. October 1993. doi:10.1089/aid.1993.9.945. PMID 7506554. https://zenodo.org/record/1235235. 
• "Expression of the zeta protein subunit in CD3- NK effectors derived from human thymus". Cellular Immunology 155 (2): 508–16. May 1994. doi:10.1006/cimm.1994.1143. PMID 7514106. 
• "An HIV p24 heptapeptide down-regulates antigen-specific responses in vitro interfering at the level of the T3-Ti complex". Cellular Immunology 156 (2): 286–95. July 1994. doi:10.1006/cimm.1994.1175. PMID 7517794. 
• "Modulation of CD4 lateral interaction with lymphocyte surface molecules induced by HIV-1 gp120". European Journal of Immunology 25 (5): 1306–11. May 1995. doi:10.1002/eji.1830250526. PMID 7539755. 
• "Interplay between the human TCR/CD3 epsilon and the B-cell antigen receptor associated Ig-beta (B29)". Immunology Letters 44 (2–3): 97–103. January 1995. doi:10.1016/0165-2478(94)00199-2. PMID 7541024. 

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.