Biology:Integrin alpha X

Short description: Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens

Generic protein structure example

CD11c, also known as Integrin, alpha X (complement component 3 receptor 4 subunit) (ITGAX), is a gene that encodes for CD11c .

CD11c is an integrin alpha X chain protein. Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain. This protein combines with the beta 2 chain (ITGB2) to form a leukocyte-specific integrin referred to as inactivated-C3b (iC3b) receptor 4 (CR4). The alpha X beta 2 complex seems to overlap the properties of the alpha M beta 2 integrin in the adherence of neutrophils and monocytes to stimulated endothelium cells, and in the phagocytosis of complement coated particles.

CD11c is a type I transmembrane protein found at high levels on most human dendritic cells, but also on monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, and some B cells that induces cellular activation and helps trigger neutrophil respiratory burst; expressed in hairy cell leukemias, acute nonlymphocytic leukemias, and some B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemias.

See also

• Integrin

Further reading

• "Leukocyte integrins.". Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 7 (5): 690–6. 1996. doi:10.1016/0955-0674(95)80111-1. PMID 8573344. 
• "Dendritic cells in the T-cell areas of lymphoid organs.". Immunol. Rev. 156 (1): 25–37. 1997. doi:10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb00956.x. PMID 9176697. 
• "CD11c integrin gene promoter activity during myeloid differentiation.". Leuk. Lymphoma 25 (5–6): 415–25. 1997. doi:10.3109/10428199709039028. PMID 9250811. 
• "Recognition of fibrinogen by leukocyte integrins.". Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 936 (1): 368–85. 2001. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03523.x. PMID 11460493. Bibcode: 2001NYASA.936..368U. 
• "The leukocyte adhesion glycoprotein CD18 participates in HIV-1-induced syncytia formation in monocytoid and T cells.". J. Immunol. 144 (3): 934–7. 1990. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.144.3.934. PMID 1967280. 
• "Integrin distribution and cytoskeleton organization in normal and malignant monocytes.". Leukemia 4 (10): 682–7. 1990. PMID 1976870. 
• "Genomic structure of an integrin alpha subunit, the leukocyte p150,95 molecule.". J. Biol. Chem. 265 (5): 2782–8. 1990. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)39870-9. PMID 2303426. 
• "Chromosomal location of the genes encoding the leukocyte adhesion receptors LFA-1, Mac-1 and p150,95. Identification of a gene cluster involved in cell adhesion.". J. Exp. Med. 167 (5): 1597–607. 1988. doi:10.1084/jem.167.5.1597. PMID 3284962. 
• "cDNA cloning and complete primary structure of the alpha subunit of a leukocyte adhesion glycoprotein, p150,95.". EMBO J. 6 (13): 4023–8. 1988. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb02746.x. PMID 3327687. 
• "Purification and alpha subunit N-terminal sequences of human Mac-1 and p150,95 leukocyte adhesion proteins.". J. Immunol. 138 (8): 2381–3. 1987. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.138.8.2381. PMID 3549901. 
• "The leukocyte integrin p150,95 (CD11c/CD18) as a receptor for iC3b. Activation by a heterologous beta subunit and localization of a ligand recognition site to the I domain.". J. Immunol. 152 (9): 4582–9. 1994. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.152.9.4582. PMID 7512600. 
• "CD23 regulates monocyte activation through a novel interaction with the adhesion molecules CD11b-CD18 and CD11c-CD18.". Immunity 3 (1): 119–25. 1995. doi:10.1016/1074-7613(95)90164-7. PMID 7621072. 
• "Detection of cell-adhesion molecules on human liver-associated lymphocytes.". Immunology 82 (1): 95–8. 1994. PMID 8045597. 
• "Activated human platelets express beta2 integrin.". Eur. J. Haematol. 56 (3): 130–7. 1996. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1996.tb01331.x. PMID 8598231. 
• "Photodynamic treatment of human endothelial cells promotes the adherence of neutrophils in vitro.". Br. J. Cancer 73 (11): 1335–40. 1996. doi:10.1038/bjc.1996.255. PMID 8645576. 
• "Beta2 integrin/ICAM expression in Crohn's disease.". Clinical Immunology and Immunopathology 86 (2): 147–60. 1998. doi:10.1006/clin.1997.4462. PMID 9473377. 
• "Mapping of the human CD11c (ITGAX) and CD11d (ITGAD) genes demonstrates that they are arranged in tandem separated by no more than 11.5 kb.". Genomics 49 (2): 334–6. 1998. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5232. PMID 9598326. 

External links

• CD11c+Antigens at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• Mouse CD Antigen Chart
• Human CD Antigen Chart
• ITGAX Info with links in the Cell Migration Gateway
• Human ITGAX genome location and ITGAX gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
• Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: P20702 (Integrin alpha-X) at the PDBe-KB.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.