Chemistry:AB-FUBINACA

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Short description: Chemical compound
AB-FUBINACA
AB-FUBINACA.svg
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC20H21FN4O2
Molar mass368.412 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)

AB-FUBINACA (AMB-FUBINACA[1]) is a psychoactive drug that acts as a potent agonist for the cannabinoid receptors, with Ki values of 0.9 nM at CB1 and 23.2 nM at CB2 and EC50 values of 1.8 nM at CB1 and 3.2 nM at CB2.[2][3][4] It was originally developed by Pfizer in 2009 as an analgesic medication[5] but was never pursued for human use. In 2012, it was discovered as an ingredient in synthetic cannabinoid blends in Japan ,[6] along with a related compound AB-PINACA, which had not previously been reported.

Its use has been linked to hospitalizations and deaths.[7][8]

Legality

United States of America

It was designated as a Schedule I controlled substance in the United States in January 2014.[9]

Finland

In Finland AB-FUBINACA is scheduled in government decree on psychoactive substances banned from the consumer market as of 19 October 2017.[10]

Germany

It is an Anlage II controlled substance in Germany as of November 2014.[11]

China

Since October 2015 AB-FUBINACA is a controlled substance in China .[12]

Others

In December 2019, the UNODC announced scheduling recommendations placing AB-FUBINACA as a controlled research chemical into Schedule II.[13] 101789

Mass overdoses due to adulterated K2

On August 15, 2018, 70 people within the city of New Haven, Connecticut, started overdosing near Yale University campus.[14] By the end of the week, the total number of overdosed had risen to over 100 people needing transport to local emergency rooms. Three men were arrested, charged as drug dealers selling synthetic cannabis which contained AB-FUBINACA.[15][16][17] First responders concluded that the overdoses were caused by opiate adulterants, as victims responded to Narcan.[18] Almost all of the overdoses occurred on the New Haven Green, a large downtown park that is heavily traveled and very popular with the homeless population. There have been no deaths associated with these overdoses; however, several victims were in critical or life-threatening condition for a period of time.[19]

See also


References

  1. ↑ Pulver, Benedikt; Fischmann, Svenja; Gallegos, Ana; Christie, Rachel (March 2023). "EMCDDA framework and practical guidance for naming synthetic cannabinoids". Drug Testing and Analysis 15 (3): 255–276. doi:10.1002/dta.3403. 
  2. ↑ "Pharmacology of Indole and Indazole Synthetic Cannabinoid Designer Drugs AB-FUBINACA, ADB-FUBINACA, AB-PINACA, ADB-PINACA, 5F-AB-PINACA, 5F-ADB-PINACA, ADBICA, and 5F-ADBICA". ACS Chemical Neuroscience 6 (9): 1546–59. September 2015. doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00112. PMID 26134475. 
  3. ↑ "Detection and Characterization of the Effect of AB-FUBINACA and Its Metabolites in a Rat Model". Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 117 (4): 1033–43. April 2016. doi:10.1002/jcb.25421. PMID 26517302. 
  4. ↑ "Identification of AB-FUBINACA metabolites in authentic urine samples suitable as urinary markers of drug intake using liquid chromatography quadrupole tandem time of flight mass spectrometry". Drug Testing and Analysis 8 (9): 950–6. September 2016. doi:10.1002/dta.1896. PMID 26560240. 
  5. ↑ Buchler IP et al., "Indazole Derivatives", WO patent 2009/106982
  6. ↑ "New cannabimimetic indazole derivatives, N-(1-amino-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-pentyl-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (AB-PINACA) and N-(1-amino-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (AB-FUBINACA) identified as designer drugs in illegal products". Forensic Toxicology 31 (1): 93–100. January 2013. doi:10.1007/s11419-012-0171-4. 
  7. ↑ "Synthetic Cannabinoid-Related Illnesses and Deaths". The New England Journal of Medicine 373 (2): 103–7. July 2015. doi:10.1056/NEJMp1505328. PMID 26154784. 
  8. ↑ "Suicide attempt with a mix of synthetic cannabinoids and synthetic cathinones: Case report of non-fatal intoxication with AB-CHMINACA, AB-FUBINACA, alpha-PHP, alpha-PVP and 4-CMC". Forensic Science International 265: 121–4. August 2016. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.01.018. PMID 26890319. 
  9. ↑ "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Temporary Placement of Four Synthetic Cannabinoids Into Schedule I". Drug Enforcement Administration, Department of Justice. 10 January 2014. http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/fed_regs/rules/2014/fr0110_10.htm. 
  10. ↑ "FINLEX ® - Säädökset alkuperäisinä: Valtioneuvoston asetus kuluttajamarkkinoilta… 698/2017". https://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/alkup/2017/20170698. 
  11. ↑ "Gesetz über den Verkehr mit Betäubungsmitteln (Betäubungsmittelgesetz - BtMG) Anlage II (zu § 1 Abs. 1) (verkehrsfähige, aber nicht verschreibungsfähige Betäubungsmittel)" (in German). http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/btmg_1981/anlage_ii.html. 
  12. ↑ "关于印发《非药用类麻醉药品和精神药品列管办法》的通知" (in zh). China Food and Drug Administration. 27 September 2015. http://www.sfda.gov.cn/WS01/CL0056/130753.html. 
  13. ↑ "December 2019 – WHO: World Health Organization recommends 12 NPS for scheduling". https://www.unodc.org/LSS/Announcement/Details/021820a0-8746-42a4-9ee3-47ce50b30ca3. 
  14. ↑ Winston, Ali (2018-08-15). "New Haven Overdoses Tied to Laced K2". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/15/nyregion/new-haven-overdose-k2.html. 
  15. ↑ "Police Arrest Third Suspect In New Haven Synthetic Marijuana Overdose Case". NPR. 17 August 2018. https://www.npr.org/2018/08/17/639756672/police-arrest-third-suspect-in-new-haven-synthetic-marijuana-overdose-case. 
  16. ↑ "Dozens Overdose In Connecticut Park On Tainted Synthetic Marijuana". NPR. 16 August 2018. https://www.npr.org/2018/08/16/639133355/dozens-overdose-in-connecticut-park-on-tainted-synthetic-marijuana. 
  17. ↑ "New Haven police make arrest after more than 100 K2 overdose calls". CNN. 18 August 2018. https://www.cnn.com/2018/08/17/health/new-haven-overdoses-arrest/index.html. 
  18. ↑ Winston, Ali (2018-08-15). "New Haven Overdoses Tied to Laced K2". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/15/nyregion/new-haven-overdose-k2.html. 
  19. ↑ "Police Arrest Third Suspect In New Haven Synthetic Marijuana Overdose Case". NPR. 17 August 2018. https://www.npr.org/2018/08/17/639756672/police-arrest-third-suspect-in-new-haven-synthetic-marijuana-overdose-case. 



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