Biology:TRPC4

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Short description: Protein and coding gene in humans


A representation of the 3D structure of the protein myoglobin showing turquoise α-helices.
Generic protein structure example

The short transient receptor potential channel 4 (TrpC4), also known as Trp-related protein 4, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRPC4 gene.[1][2]

Function

TrpC4 is a member of the transient receptor potential cation channels. This protein forms a non-selective calcium-permeable cation channel that is activated by Gαi-coupled receptors, Gαq-coupled receptors and tyrosine kinases, and plays a role in multiple processes including endothelial permeability, vasodilation, neurotransmitter release and cell proliferation.[3]

Tissue distribution

The nonselective cation channel TrpC4 has been shown to be present in high abundance in the cortico-limbic regions of the brain.[4] In addition, TRPC4 mRNA is present in midbrain dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area and the substantia nigra.[5]

Roles

Deletion of the trpc4 gene decreases levels of sociability in a social exploration task. These results suggest that TRPC4 may play a role in regulating social anxiety in a number of different disorders.[6] However deletion of the trpc4 gene had no impact on basic or complex strategic learning.[7] Given that the trpc4 gene is expressed in a select population of midbrain dopamine neurons, it has been proposed that it may have an important role in dopamine related processes including addiction and attention.[5]

Clinical significance

Single nucleotide polymorphisms in this gene may be associated with generalized epilepsy with photosensitivity.[8]

Interactions

TRPC4 has been shown to interact with ITPR1,[9][10] TRPC1,[11][12] and TRPC5.[12]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "trp, a novel mammalian gene family essential for agonist-activated capacitative Ca2+ entry". Cell 85 (5): 661–71. May 1996. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81233-7. PMID 8646775. 
  2. ↑ "International Union of Pharmacology. XLIX. Nomenclature and structure-function relationships of transient receptor potential channels". Pharmacol. Rev. 57 (4): 427–50. December 2005. doi:10.1124/pr.57.4.6. PMID 16382100. 
  3. ↑ "Entrez Gene: transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 4". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=7223. 
  4. ↑ "Corticolimbic expression of TRPC4 and TRPC5 channels in the rodent brain". PLOS ONE 2 (6): e573. 2007. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000573. PMID 17593972. Bibcode: 2007PLoSO...2..573F. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "TRPC4 ion channel protein is selectively expressed in a subpopulation of dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area". Nature Precedings. 2011. doi:10.1038/npre.2011.6577.1. 
  6. ↑ "Sociability is decreased following deletion of the trpc4 gene". Nature Precedings. 2011. doi:10.1038/npre.2011.6367.1. 
  7. ↑ "Deletion of the trpc4 gene and its role in simple and complex strategic learning". Nature Precedings. 2012. doi:10.1038/npre.2012.6929.1. 
  8. ↑ "Association study of TRPC4 as a candidate gene for generalized epilepsy with photosensitivity". Neuromolecular Med. 12 (3): 292–9. September 2010. doi:10.1007/s12017-010-8122-x. PMID 20574736. 
  9. ↑ "Homer binds TRPC family channels and is required for gating of TRPC1 by IP3 receptors". Cell 114 (6): 777–89. September 2003. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00716-5. PMID 14505576. 
  10. ↑ "Alternative splice variants of hTrp4 differentially interact with the C-terminal portion of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors". FEBS Lett. 487 (3): 377–83. January 2001. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(00)02362-0. PMID 11163362. 
  11. ↑ "Formation of novel TRPC channels by complex subunit interactions in embryonic brain". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (40): 39014–9. October 2003. doi:10.1074/jbc.M306705200. PMID 12857742. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 "Subunit composition of mammalian transient receptor potential channels in living cells". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (11): 7461–6. May 2002. doi:10.1073/pnas.102596199. PMID 12032305. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...99.7461H. 

Further reading

  • Islam, Md. Shahidul (January 2011). Transient Receptor Potential Channels. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. 704. Berlin: Springer. pp. 700. ISBN 978-94-007-0264-6. 
  • "International Union of Pharmacology. XLIX. Nomenclature and structure-function relationships of transient receptor potential channels.". Pharmacol. Rev. 57 (4): 427–50. 2006. doi:10.1124/pr.57.4.6. PMID 16382100. 
  • Cavalié A (2007). "Ionic channels formed by TRPC4". Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) Channels. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology. 179. pp. 93–108. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-34891-7_5. ISBN 978-3-540-34889-4. 

External links

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.



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