Biology:TRPM1
Generic protein structure example |
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRPM1 gene.[1][2][3]
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family of non-selective cation channels. It is expressed in the retina, in a subset of bipolar cells termed ON bipolar cells.[4][5] These cells form synapses with either rods or cones, collecting signals from them. In the dark, the signal arrives in the form of the neurotransmitter glutamate, which is detected by a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signal transduction cascade. Detection of glutamate by the GPCR Metabotropic glutamate receptor 6 results in closing of the TRPM1 channel. At the onset of light, glutamate release is halted and mGluR6 is deactivated; this results in opening of the TRPM1 channel, influx of sodium and calcium, and depolarization of the bipolar cell.[6][7]
In addition to the retina, TRPM1 is also expressed in melanocytes, which are melanin-producing cells in the skin. The expression of TRPM1 is inversely correlated with melanoma aggressiveness, suggesting that it might suppress melanoma metastasis.[8] However, subsequent work showed that a microRNA located in an intron of the TRPM1 gene, rather than the TRPM1 protein itself, is responsible for the tumor suppressor function.[9][10] The expression of both TRPM1 and the microRNA are regulated by the Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor.[11][12][13][9]
Clinical significance
Mutations in TRPM1 are associated with congenital stationary night blindness in humans [14][15][16][17] and coat spotting patterns in Appaloosa horses.[18]
See also
References
- ↑ "Chromosomal localization and genomic characterization of the mouse melastatin gene (Mlsn1)". Genomics 54 (1): 116–23. Nov 1998. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5549. PMID 9806836.
- ↑ "Down-regulation of the novel gene melastatin correlates with potential for melanoma metastasis". Cancer Research 58 (7): 1515–20. Apr 1998. PMID 9537257.
- ↑ "International Union of Pharmacology. XLIX. Nomenclature and structure-function relationships of transient receptor potential channels". Pharmacological Reviews 57 (4): 427–50. Dec 2005. doi:10.1124/pr.57.4.6. PMID 16382100.
- ↑ "TRPM1 is required for the depolarizing light response in retinal ON-bipolar cells". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106 (45): 19174–8. 2009. doi:10.1073/pnas.0908711106. PMID 19861548. Bibcode: 2009PNAS..10619174M.
- ↑ "TRPM1 is a component of the retinal ON bipolar cell transduction channel in the mGluR6 cascade". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107 (1): 332–7. 2010. doi:10.1073/pnas.0912730107. PMID 19966281. Bibcode: 2010PNAS..107..332K.
- ↑ "The Transduction Cascade in Retinal ON-Bipolar Cells: Signal Processing and Disease". Annu Rev Vis Sci 3: 25–51. 2017. doi:10.1146/annurev-vision-102016-061338. PMID 28715957.
- ↑ "Properties and functions of TRPM1 channels in the dendritic tips of retinal ON-bipolar cells". Eur J Cell Biol 94 (7–9): 420–7. 2015. doi:10.1016/j.ejcb.2015.06.005. PMID 26111660.
- ↑ "Entrez Gene: TRPM1 transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 1". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=4308.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Intronic miR-211 assumes the tumor suppressive function of its host gene in melanoma". Mol Cell 40 (5): 841–9. 2010. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2010.11.020. PMID 21109473.
- ↑ "Role of TRPM in melanocytes and melanoma". Exp Dermatol 21 (9): 650–4. 2012. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0625.2012.01565.x. PMID 22897572.
- ↑ "Transcriptional regulation of the melanoma prognostic marker melastatin (TRPM1) by MITF in melanocytes and melanoma". Cancer Research 64 (2): 509–16. Jan 2004. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-03-2440. PMID 14744763.
- ↑ "Novel MITF targets identified using a two-step DNA microarray strategy". Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research 21 (6): 665–76. Dec 2008. doi:10.1111/j.1755-148X.2008.00505.x. PMID 19067971.
- ↑ "The regulation of miRNA-211 expression and its role in melanoma cell invasiveness". PLOS ONE 5 (11): e13779. 2010. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013779. PMID 21072171. Bibcode: 2010PLoSO...513779M.
- ↑ "TRPM1 is mutated in patients with autosomal-recessive complete congenital stationary night blindness". American Journal of Human Genetics 85 (5): 720–9. Nov 2009. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.10.013. PMID 19896113.
- ↑ "Recessive mutations of the gene TRPM1 abrogate ON bipolar cell function and cause complete congenital stationary night blindness in humans". American Journal of Human Genetics 85 (5): 711–9. Nov 2009. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.10.003. PMID 19878917.
- ↑ "TRPM1 mutations are associated with the complete form of congenital stationary night blindness". Molecular Vision 16: 425–37. 2010. PMID 20300565.
- ↑ "Mutations in TRPM1 are a common cause of complete congenital stationary night blindness". American Journal of Human Genetics 85 (5): 730–6. Nov 2009. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.10.012. PMID 19896109.
- ↑ "Differential gene expression of TRPM1, the potential cause of congenital stationary night blindness and coat spotting patterns (LP) in the Appaloosa horse (Equus caballus)". Genetics 179 (4): 1861–70. Aug 2008. doi:10.1534/genetics.108.088807. PMID 18660533.
External links
- TRPM1+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.
Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRPM1.
Read more |