Chemistry:Ampelopsin

From HandWiki

Ampelopsin, also known as dihydromyricetin and DHM, when used as an herbal medicine, is a flavanonol, a type of flavonoid. It is extracted from the Japanese raisin tree and found in Ampelopsis species japonica, megalophylla, and grossedentata; Cercidiphyllum japonicum; Hovenia dulcis; Rhododendron cinnabarinum; some Pinus species; and some Cedrus species,[1] as well as in Salix sachalinensis.[2]

Hovenia dulcis has been used in traditional Japanese, Chinese, and Korean medicines to treat fever, parasitic infection, as a laxative, and a treatment of liver diseases, and as a hangover treatment.[3] Methods have been developed to extract ampelopsin on a larger scale, and laboratory research has been conducted with the compound to see if it might be useful as a drug in any of the conditions for which the parent plant has been traditionally used.[3]

Research

Research suggests that ampelopsin protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation via stimulation of the SIRT1 pathway.[4] In a study of 60 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, ampelopsin improved glucose and lipid metabolism and yielded potentially beneficial anti-inflammatory effects.[5] A study of rats demonstrated pharmacological properties of ampelopsin which suggest it would be a therapeutic candidate to treat alcohol use disorders.[6]

Additional research is required before claims of human efficacy and application, necessary dosage, and solutions to poor bioavailability, are met with scientific validation.[7]

Purported benefits

Ampelopsin has been claimed to possess various health, wellness, and cosmetic benefits, including:

  • Anti-alcohol intoxication: ampelopsin is widely used in hangover remedies due to its claimed ability to accelerate alcohol breakdown in the liver and mitigate alcohol-induced damage.[3] However, a pharmacokinetic study found no effect of DHM on alcohol metabolism.[8]
  • Cosmetic applications: ampelopsin is used in skincare products for its purported ability to protect skin from UV-induced damage and aging.[9]

References

  1. ↑ Zhou, Jiaju; Xie, Guirong; Yan, Xinjian (2011-02-21). Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicines – Molecular Structures, Pharmacological Activities, Natural Sources and Applications: Vol. 1: Isolated Compounds A-C. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 123. ISBN 978-3-642-16735-5. https://books.google.com/books?id=PMsXJnUYTFkC. 
  2. ↑ "A journey of twenty-five years through the ecological biochemistry of flavonoids". Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 71 (6): 1387–404. June 2007. doi:10.1271/bbb.70028. PMID 17587669. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Hovenia dulcis--an Asian traditional herb". Planta Med 76 (10): 943–9. July 2010. doi:10.1055/s-0030-1249776. PMID 20379955. 
  4. ↑ "Regulated cell death pathways in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity". Cell Death Dis 12 (4). April 2021. doi:10.1038/s41419-021-03614-x. PMID 33795647. 
  5. ↑ "Dihydromyricetin improves glucose and lipid metabolism and exerts anti-inflammatory effects in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized controlled trial". Pharmacol Res 99: 74–81. September 2015. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2015.05.009. PMID 26032587. 
  6. ↑ "Dihydromyricetin as a novel anti-alcohol intoxication medication". J Neurosci 32 (1): 390–401. January 2012. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4639-11.2012. PMID 22219299. 
  7. ↑ "The Versatile Effects of Dihydromyricetin in Health". Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2017. 2017. doi:10.1155/2017/1053617. PMID 28947908. 
  8. ↑ Skotnicová, A.; Boubínová, G.; Boštíková, Z.; Dušková, Š; Šulc, M.; Kutinová-Canová, N.; Mráz, J.; Hodek, P. (2020-12-31). "Does dihydromyricetin impact on alcohol metabolism". Physiological Research 69 (Suppl 4): S573–S581. doi:10.33549/physiolres.934606. ISSN 1802-9973. PMID 33656905. 
  9. ↑ EP patent 2356980A2



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