Chemistry:Flubromazolam

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Short description: Triazolobenzodiazepine/Benzodiazepine derivative
Flubromazolam
Flubromazolam.svg
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC17H12BrFN4
Molar mass371.213 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
 ☒N☑Y (what is this?)

Flubromazolam (JYI-73) [1][2][3] is a triazolobenzodiazepine (TBZD), which are benzodiazepine (BZD) derivatives.[4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Flubromazolam is reputed to be highly potent, and concerns have been raised that clonazolam and flubromazolam in particular may pose comparatively higher risks than other designer benzodiazepines, due to their ability to produce strong sedation and amnesia at oral doses of as little as 0.5 mg.[11][12] Life-threatening adverse reactions have been observed at doses of only 3 mg of flubromazolam.[13]

Legal status

Sweden

Flubromazolam has been classified as an illegal substance in Sweden after seizures by customs and police, as well as indications from the EMCDDA of wider use as a recreational drug.[14]

Switzerland

Flubromazolam is illegal in Switzerland as of December 2015.[15]

United Kingdom

In the UK, flubromazolam has been classified as a Class C drug by the May 2017 amendment to The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 along with several other designer benzodiazepine drugs.[16]

Australia

In Australia, flubromazolam is Schedule 9 under federal law.[17]

United States

Flubromazolam is controlled in Virginia. On December 23, 2022, the DEA announced it had begun consideration on the matter of placing Flubromazolam under temporary Schedule I status. [18] Later on July 25, 2023, the DEA published a pre-print notice that Flubromazolam would become temporarily scheduled as a Schedule I controlled substance from 07/26/2023 to 07/26/2025.[19]

See also


References

  1. ↑ Cook JM, et al. Stereospecific anxiolytic and anticonvulsant agents with reduced muscle-relaxant, sedative-hypnotic and ataxic effects. US7618958
  2. ↑ "Patent EP 0072029 B1 - Triazolobenzazepines, process and intermediates for their preparation and medicines containing them". 22 October 1986. https://www.google.com/patents/EP0072029B1. 
  3. ↑ "6-phenyl-4H-s-triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepines which have central nervous system depressant activity". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 14 (11): 1078–81. November 1971. doi:10.1021/jm00293a015. PMID 5165540. 
  4. ↑ "Flubromazolam". Cayman Chemical. https://www.caymanchem.com/product/16435. 
  5. ↑ "Characterization of the four designer benzodiazepines clonazolam, deschloroetizolam, flubromazolam, and meclonazepam, and identification of their in vitro metabolites". Forensic Toxicology 33 (2): 388–395. July 2015. doi:10.1007/s11419-015-0277-6. 
  6. ↑ "Exploration des métabolites de 8 benzodiazépines de synthèse". Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique 28 (2): S32. June 2016. doi:10.1016/j.toxac.2016.03.053. 
  7. ↑ "Detectability of designer benzodiazepines in CEDIA, EMIT II Plus, HEIA, and KIMS II immunochemical screening assays". Drug Testing and Analysis 9 (4): 640–645. April 2017. doi:10.1002/dta.2003. PMID 27366870. 
  8. ↑ "Blood concentrations of new designer benzodiazepines in forensic cases". Forensic Science International 268: 35–38. November 2016. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.09.006. PMID 27685473. 
  9. ↑ "Experimental versus theoretical log D7.4, pKa and plasma protein binding values for benzodiazepines appearing as new psychoactive substances". Drug Testing and Analysis 10 (8): 1258–1269. March 2018. doi:10.1002/dta.2387. PMID 29582576. https://pure.hud.ac.uk/ws/files/13273614/logDpKaPPB_13thMar2018.pdf. 
  10. ↑ "Looking at flubromazolam metabolism from four different angles: Metabolite profiling in human liver microsomes, human hepatocytes, mice and authentic human urine samples with liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry". Forensic Science International. Special Issue on the 54th Annual Meeting of the International Association of Forensic Toxicologists (TIAFT) Brisbane from August 28 to September 1, 2016 274: 55–63. May 2017. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.10.021. PMID 27863836. 
  11. ↑ "Designer benzodiazepines: A new challenge". World Psychiatry 14 (2): 248. June 2015. doi:10.1002/wps.20236. PMID 26043347. 
  12. ↑ "Flubromazolam - Basic pharmacokinetic evaluation of a highly potent designer benzodiazepine". Drug Testing and Analysis 10 (1): 206–211. January 2018. doi:10.1002/dta.2203. PMID 28378533. 
  13. ↑ "Flubromazolam--A new life-threatening designer benzodiazepine". Clinical Toxicology 54 (1): 66–8. 2016. doi:10.3109/15563650.2015.1112907. PMID 26585557. 
  14. ↑ "Fler ämnen föreslås bli klassade som narkotika eller hälsofarlig vara" (in Swedish). Folkhälsomyndigheten. https://www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/nyheter-och-press/nyhetsarkiv/2015/mars/fler-amnen-foreslas-bli-klassade-som-narkotika-eller-halsofarlig-vara/. 
  15. ↑ "Verordnung des EDI über die Verzeichnisse der Betäubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorläuferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien" (in German). Der Bundesrat. https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20101220/index.html. 
  16. ↑ "The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (Amendment) order 2017". https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2017/634/contents/made. 
  17. ↑ Scheduling proposals referred to the November 2015 meeting of the Advisory Committee on Medicines Scheduling (ACMS#16) 2.6 Flubromazolam
  18. ↑ "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Temporary Placement of Etizolam, Flualprazolam, Clonazolam, Flubromazolam, and Diclazepam in Schedule I". 23 December 2022. https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2022/12/23/2022-27278/schedules-of-controlled-substances-temporary-placement-of-etizolam-flualprazolam-clonazolam. 
  19. ↑ "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Temporary Placement of Etizolam, Flualprazolam, Clonazolam, Flubromazolam, and Diclazepam in Schedule I". DEA. July 25, 2023. https://public-inspection.federalregister.gov/2023-15748.pdf. 



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