Chemistry:Propanidid

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Propanidid is an ultra short-acting phenylacetate general anesthetic. It was originally introduced by Bayer in 1963[1] but anaphylactic reactions caused it to be withdrawn shortly afterwards.[2]

The cause of the anaphylaxis has not been determined. Similar to Althesin, Cremophor EL was used as part of the formulation for propanidid.[3] Cremephor EL has been shown to cause anaphylactic reactions in humans in several cases (both when given intravenously and orally), and several negative reactions have been recorded for drugs using Cremephor EL.[4] However, some have argued that the anaphylaxis was a reaction to propanidid itself. [5][6]

References

  1. ↑ Hiltmann R, Wollweber H, Hoffmeister F, Wirth W, "3-Methoxy-4-Carbamidomethoxy-Phenylacetic Acid Esters", US patent 3086978, issued 1963-04-23, assigned to Bayer
  2. ↑ "The incidence and clinical features of anaphylactic reactions during anesthesia in Australia". Annales Francaises d'Anesthesie et de Reanimation. Actualités en Allergo-Anesthésie New Trends in Anaphylactoid Risk in Anaesthesia 12 (2): 97–104. 1993-01-01. doi:10.1016/S0750-7658(05)81016-0. PMID 8368592. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0750765805810160. 
  3. ↑ "Pharmaceutics for the anaesthetist". Anaesthesia 56 (10): 965–979. 2001. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.2001.02216.x. ISSN 0003-2409. PMID 11576099. 
  4. ↑ "Cremophor EL-containing paclitaxel-induced anaphylaxis: a call to action". Community Oncology 6 (3): 132–134. March 2009. doi:10.1016/S1548-5315(11)70224-8. PMID 36643961. 
  5. ↑ "Proceedings: A new steroid anaesthetic-althesin". Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine 66 (10): 1027–1030. October 1973. doi:10.1177/003591577306601023. PMID 4148526. 
  6. ↑ "Immune reaction to propanidid". Anaesthesia 39 (5): 470–473. May 1984. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.1984.tb07318.x. PMID 6731777. 
  • "[Anesthesia with propanidid in a liposomal preparation. An experimental study in swine]". Der Anaesthesist 44 (8): 573–580. August 1995. doi:10.1007/s001010050191. PMID 7573906. 
  • "[Anesthesiologic efficacy of propanidid as a liposome dispersion. An experimental study with rats]". Der Anaesthesist 41 (8): 448–456. August 1992. PMID 1524155. 
  • "[Propanidid and etomidate identification from the blood by thin-layer chromatography]". Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica 49 (5–6): 15–17. 1992. PMID 16092193. 
  • "Anaphylactoid reactions in children receiving high-dose intravenous cyclosporine for reversal of tumor resistance: the causative role of improper dissolution of Cremophor EL". Journal of Clinical Oncology 13 (10): 2508–2516. October 1995. doi:10.1200/JCO.1995.13.10.2508. PMID 7595701. 
  • "IgE-mediated anaphylaxis after first intravenous infusion of cyclosporine". Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology 87 (3): 243–245. September 2001. doi:10.1016/S1081-1206(10)62234-X. PMID 11570623. 



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