Chemistry:1,1,2-Trichloroethane

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1,1,2-Trichloroethane
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
1,1,2-trichloroethane-3D-vdW.png
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
Other names
1,1,2-TCA
vinyl trichloride
beta-trichloroethane, symmetrical Trichloroethane, monochlorethylen chloride (archaic)
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
KEGG
UNII
Properties
C2H3Cl3
Molar mass 133.40 g/mol
Appearance colorless liquid[1]
Odor sweet, chloroform-like[1] (in high concentrations)
Density 1.435 g/cm3
Melting point −37 °C (−35 °F; 236 K)
Boiling point 110 to 115 °C (230 to 239 °F; 383 to 388 K)
0.4% (20°C)[1]
Vapor pressure 19 mmHg (20°C)[1]
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
Flammability code 1: Must be pre-heated before ignition can occur. Flash point over 93 °C (200 °F). E.g. canola oilHealth code 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gasReactivity (yellow): no hazard codeSpecial hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
1
3
Explosive limits 6–15.5%[1]
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
1200 mg/kg (rat, orally)[2]
13,100 mg/m3 (cat, 4.5 hr)
2000 ppm (rat, 4 hr)[3]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 10 ppm (45 mg/m3) [skin][1]
REL (Recommended)
 Ca TWA 10 ppm (45 mg/m3) [skin][1]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 Ca [100 ppm][1]
Related compounds
Related compounds
 1,1,1-Trichloroethane; Trichloroethylene
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

1,1,2-Trichloroethane, or 1,1,2-TCA, is an organochloride solvent with the molecular formula C
2H
3Cl
3 and the structural formula CH
2Cl—CHCl
2. It is a colourless, sweet-smelling liquid that does not dissolve in water, but is soluble in most organic solvents. It is an isomer of 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and a byproduct of its manufacture.

It is used as a solvent and as an intermediate in the synthesis of 1,1-dichloroethene.[4]

1,1,2-TCA is a central nervous system depressant and inhalation of vapors may cause dizziness, drowsiness, headache, nausea, shortness of breath, and unconsciousness.[5]

Toxicology

Trichloroethane may be harmful by inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact. It is a respiratory and eye irritant.

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration and National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health have set occupational exposure limits to 1,1,2-Trichloroethane at 10 ppm over an eight-hour time-weighted average.[6]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0628". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0628.html. 
  2. ↑ 1,1,2-Trichloroethane toxicity
  3. ↑ "1,1,2-Trichloroethane". Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/79005.html. 
  4. ↑ Toxicological profile for 1,1,2-trichloroethane (Report). Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). March 2021. https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp148.pdf. Retrieved 2023-08-23. 
  5. ↑ "Safety (MSDS) data for 1,1,2-trichloroethane". https://www.spectrumchemical.com/MSDS/TCI-T0381.pdf. 
  6. ↑ CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards



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