Biology:Androgen conjugate
An androgen conjugate is a conjugate of an androgen, such as testosterone.[1][2] They occur naturally in the body as metabolites of androgens.[1] Androgen conjugates include sulfate esters and glucuronide conjugates and are formed by sulfotransferase and glucuronosyltransferase enzymes, respectively.[1] In contrast to androgens, conjugates of androgens do not bind to the androgen receptor and are hormonally inactive. However, androgen conjugates can be converted back into active androgens through enzymes like steroid sulfatase.[3]
Examples of androgen conjugates include the sulfates testosterone sulfate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, androstenediol sulfate, dihydrotestosterone sulfate, and androsterone sulfate, and the glucuronides testosterone glucuronide, dihydrotestosterone glucuronide, androsterone glucuronide, and androstanediol glucuronide.[1]
Androgen conjugates are conjugated at the C3 and/or C17β positions, where hydroxyl groups are available.[1]
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 "Phase-II metabolism of androgens and its relevance for doping control analysis". Doping in Sports. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology. 195. Springer. 2010. pp. 65–75. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-79088-4_3. ISBN 978-3-540-79087-7.
- ↑ "Clinical relevance of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone metabolism in women". Am J Med 98 (1A): 17S–21S. January 1995. doi:10.1016/s0002-9343(99)80054-0. PMID 7825635.
- ↑ "The development of steroid sulfatase inhibitors for hormone-dependent cancer therapy". Ann N Y Acad Sci 1155 (1): 80–7. February 2009. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.03677.x. PMID 19250195. Bibcode: 2009NYASA1155...80D.
 |  |
