Chemistry:4-Androstenediol
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| Other names | Androst-4-ene-3β,17β-diol |
| Routes of administration | Oral |
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| Formula | C19H30O2 |
| Molar mass | 290.447 g·mol−1 |
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4-Androstenediol, also known as androst-4-ene-3β,17β-diol, is an androstenediol that is converted to testosterone. The conversion rate is about 15.76%, almost triple that of 4-androstenedione, due to utilization of a different enzymatic pathway. There is also some conversion into estrogen, since testosterone is the metabolic precursor of the estrogens.
4-Androstenediol is closer to testosterone structurally than 5-androstenediol, and has androgenic effects, acting as a weak partial agonist of the androgen receptor.[1] However, due to its lower intrinsic activity in comparison, in the presence of full agonists like testosterone or dihydrotestosterone (DHT), 4-androstenediol has antagonistic actions, behaving more like an antiandrogen.[1]
4-Androstenediol is very weakly estrogenic. It has approximately 0.5% and 0.6% of the affinity of estradiol at the ERα and ERβ, respectively.[2]
Medical and commercial use
Patrick Arnold holds a 1999 patent on "Use of 4-androstenediol to increase testosterone levels in humans".[3]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Partial agonist/antagonist properties of androstenedione and 4-androsten-3beta,17beta-diol". The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 91 (4–5): 247–57. August 2004. doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2004.04.009. PMID 15336702.
- ↑ "Comparison of the ligand binding specificity and transcript tissue distribution of estrogen receptors alpha and beta". Endocrinology 138 (3): 863–70. 1997. doi:10.1210/endo.138.3.4979. PMID 9048584.
- ↑ "Use of 4-androstenediol to increase testosterone levels in humans". http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/5880117/description.html.
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