Chemistry:Luvesilocin

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Luvesilocin, also known as RE104 and FT-104, as well as 4-glutaryloxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine (4-HO-DiPT O-glutarate or 4-GO-DiPT), is a psychedelic drug of the tryptamine and 4-hydroxytryptamine families which is under development for the treatment of psychiatric disorders.[1][2] It is taken orally or by subcutaneous injection.[1][3]

The drug is a prodrug ester of 4-HO-DiPT, which acts as a non-selective serotonin receptor agonist including of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor.[4] 4-HO-DiPT produces psychedelic-like effects in animals.[4]

Luvesilocin was first described in the literature in 2021.[5][6] It is under development for the treatment of postpartum depression and treatment-resistant depression.[7][8][9][10] As of September 2025, the drug has reached phase 2 clinical trials.[11] A phase 3 trial is planned for 2026.[11]

Use and effects

Luvesilocin (RE104; 4-GO-DiPT) Drug Effects Questionnaire (DEQ) "feel high" ratings at doses of 5 to 40 mg via subcutaneous injection over 6 hours.[3]

The effects of luvesilocin have been clinically studied.[3] It was evaluated at doses of 5 to 40 mg (equivalent to ~4–32 mg 4-HO-DiPT) by subcutaneous injection in this study.[3] The drug was specifically assessed in terms of modified Drug Effects Questionnaire (DEQ) ratings, Mystical Experience Questionnaire (MEQ) ratings, and adverse effects.[3] The mean duration of the psychedelic experience after administration of luvesilocin at a dose of 30 mg was found to be 3.6 hours.[3][12]

Interactions

Pharmacology

Pharmacodynamics

Luvesilocin is a prodrug that is metabolized into 4-HO-DiPT.[4][13] This metabolite is an analogue of the neurotransmitter serotonin and acts as a non-selective serotonin receptor agonist, including of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor.[4] Activation of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor is thought to be specifically responsible for the hallucinogenic effects of serotonergic psychedelics. 4-HO-DiPT produces the head-twitch response, a behavioral proxy of psychedelic effects, in rodents.[14] In drug discrimination tests, 4-HO-DiPT fully substituted for the psychedelic drug DOM, with 5-fold lower potency than DOM and 2-fold lower potency than psilocin (4-HO-DMT).[15]

The drug activates basolateral amygdala (BLA) interneurons via the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor to enhance GABAergic inhibition of principal neurons in the BLA, which may mediate an anxiolytic effect of suppression of learned fear (fear extinction) in rodents.[5][16]

Pharmacokinetics

Given by subcutaneous injection, the elimination half-life of luvesilocin is 0.43 to 0.64 hours and of 4-HO-DiPT is 2.7 to 4.1 hours.[3] The mean duration with this route at the employed dose was 3.6 hours.[3]

Chemistry

Synthesis

The chemical synthesis of luvesilocin has been described.[4]

Analogues

Analogues of luvesilocin include 4-HO-DiPT (iprocin), 4-AcO-DiPT (ipracetin), 4-PrO-DiPT, 4-AcO-DMT (psilacetin), 4-PrO-DMT, and 4-GO-DMT (RE-109), among others.

History

Luvesilocin was first described in the literature in 2021.[5][6]

Society and culture

Names

Luvesilocin is the generic name of the drug and its INN.[17] It is also known by its developmental code names RE104 or RE-104 and FT104 or FT-104.[1]

Canada

Luvesilocin is not a controlled substance in Canada as of 2025.[18]

United States

Luvesilocin is not an explicitly controlled substance in the United States.[19] However, it could be considered a controlled substance under the Federal Analogue Act if intended for human consumption.

Research

Luvesilocin is under development for the treatment of postpartum depression (PPD), treatment-resistant depression, and other psychiatric disorders.[1][12][20][21] As of September 2025, it has reached phase 2 clinical trials for these indications.[11] A phase 3 trial is planned for 2026.[11] The drug is being developed by Reunion Neuroscience (formerly known as Field Trip Health).[1]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 "RE 104". 23 September 2025. https://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800074379. 
  2. ↑ "Reunion Neuroscience raises $103 million for a psychedelic to treat depression". Chemical & Engineering News. May 8, 2024. https://cen.acs.org/business/start-ups/Reunion-Neuroscience-raises-103-million/102/web/2024/05. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 "Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of Subcutaneous RE104: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Single Ascending Dose Placebo-Controlled Study". J Clin Psychopharmacol 45 (5): 441–453. 2025. doi:10.1097/JCP.0000000000002047. PMID 40685873. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 "RE104: Synthesis and Activity of a Novel Serotonergic Psychedelic Prodrug of 4-Hydroxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine". ACS Chemical Neuroscience 15 (12): 2386–2395. June 2024. doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00058. PMID 38758589. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "4-HO-DiPT". 23 June 2022. https://psychedelicreview.com/compound/4-ho-dipt/. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Bryson N. Tryptamine prodrugs. US 2021/0403425 A1, Field Trip Psychedelics, Inc0. Published online April 5, 2022. Accessed May 27, 2022. https://patents.google.com/patent/US11292765B2/en?q=field+trip+health&assignee=Field+Trip+Psychedelics+Inc.
  7. ↑ "An Inside Look into Field Trip's Next-Generation Psychedelic, FT-104". 11 August 2022. https://psychedelicspotlight.com/an-inside-look-into-field-trips-next-generation-psychedelic-ft-104/. 
  8. ↑ Bryson N, "Tryptamine prodrugs", WO patent 2022/000091, published 6 January 2022
  9. ↑ Slassi A, Araujo J, "Psilocin derivatives as serotonergic psychedelic agents for the treatment of CNS disorders.", US patent 2022/0024956, published 27 January 2022
  10. ↑ Slassi A, Araujo J, Higgin GH, Gabriele J, "Hallucinogen-Fatty Acid Combination", WO patent 2022/246572, published 1 December 2022
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 "RE104: A Novel, Fast-Acting Psychedelic for Postpartum Depression". June 26, 2024. https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/re104-a-novel-fast-acting-psychedelic-for-postpartum-depression. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 "ACNP 63rd Annual Meeting: Poster Abstracts P609-P914: P697. RE104: A Novel, Shorter-Acting Psychedelic for Post Partum Depression". Neuropsychopharmacology 49 (Suppl 1): 418–594 (469–470). December 2024. doi:10.1038/s41386-024-02013-y. PMID 39643635. 
  13. ↑ "Reunion Neuroscience Announces Publication of Results from Early Preclinical Studies Demonstrating the Potential of RE104 for Development in Depressive Disorders". GlobalNewswire. May 20, 2024. https://finance.yahoo.com/news/reunion-neuroscience-announces-publication-results-113000744.html. 
  14. ↑ "Investigation of the Structure-Activity Relationships of Psilocybin Analogues". ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science 4 (2): 533–542. April 2021. doi:10.1021/acsptsci.0c00176. PMID 33860183. 
  15. ↑ "Discriminative Stimulus Effects of Substituted Tryptamines in Rats". ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science 4 (2): 467–471. April 2021. doi:10.1021/acsptsci.0c00173. PMID 33860176. 
  16. ↑ "Psilocybin analog 4-OH-DiPT enhances fear extinction and GABAergic inhibition of principal neurons in the basolateral amygdala". Neuropsychopharmacology 49 (5): 854–863. April 2024. doi:10.1038/s41386-023-01744-8. PMID 37752222. 
  17. ↑ "International Nonproprietary Names for Pharmaceutical Substances (INN)". https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/international-nonproprietary-names-(inn)/rl93.pdf. 
  18. ↑ "Controlled Drugs and Substances Act". https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/c-38.8/FullText.html. 
  19. ↑ Orange Book: List of Controlled Substances and Regulated Chemicals (January 2026), United States: U.S. Department of Justice: Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA): Diversion Control Division, January 2026, https://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/schedules/orangebook/orangebook.pdf 
  20. ↑ Reunion Neuroscience Inc (2025-03-06). A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group Dose-Controlled Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of RE104 for Injection in the Treatment of Patients With Postpartum Depression (PPD) (Report). clinicaltrials.gov. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06342310?intr=RE104&rank=1. 
  21. ↑ Reunion Neuroscience Inc (2025-03-06). A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group Dose-Controlled Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of RE104 for Injection in the Treatment of Patients With Postpartum Depression (PPD) (Report). clinicaltrials.gov. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06342310?term=RE104&rank=2. 



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