Chemistry:Estropipate
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| Trade names | Harmogen, Improvera, Ogen, Ortho-Est, Sulestrex, others |
| Other names | Piperazine estrone sulfate; Estrone sulfate piperazine salt; Pipestrone |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| Routes of administration | By mouth |
| Drug class | Estrogen; Estrogen ester |
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| Formula | C22H32N2O5S |
| Molar mass | 436.57 g·mol−1 |
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Estropipate, also known as piperazine estrone sulfate and sold under the brand names Harmogen, Improvera, Ogen, Ortho-Est, and Sulestrex among others, is an estrogen medication which is used mainly in menopausal hormone therapy in the treatment of menopausal symptoms.[1][2][3][4] It is a salt of estrone sulfate and piperazine, and is transformed into estrone and estradiol in the body.[2][3] It is taken by mouth.[1]
Medical uses
Estropipate is used to:[1][additional citation(s) needed]
- Alleviate symptoms of menopause as menopausal hormone therapy
- Treat some types of infertility
- Treat some conditions leading to underdevelopment of female sexual characteristics
- Treat vaginal atrophy
- Treat some types of breast cancer (particularly in men and postmenopausal women)
- Treat prostate cancer
- Prevent osteoporosis
Available forms
Estropipate was available in the form of 0.75, 1.5, 3, and 6 mg oral tablets and 1.5 mg/gram vaginal cream. Estropipate is no longer available in the United States.
Pharmacology
Pharmacodynamics
Estropipate is a prodrug of estrone and estradiol. Hence, it is an estrogen, or an agonist of the estrogen receptors.
Pharmacokinetics
Estropipate is hydrolyzed into estrone in the body.[5] Estrone can then be transformed into estradiol by 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.
Chemistry
History
Estropipate was introduced for medical use by Abbott in 1968.[6] It was approved by the FDA in the United States in 1991.[7]
Society and culture
Generic names
Estropipate is the generic name of the drug and its INN, USAN, and BAN.[2][3][8][5][9]
Brand names
Estropipate was marketed under the brand names Genoral, Harmogen, Improvera, Ogen, Ortho-Est, and Sulestrex among others.[9][2][8][5]
Availability
Estropipate has been discontinued in the United States . In the past, estropipate has also been marketed in Canada , the United Kingdom , Ireland, Switzerland , Australia , South Africa , Mexico, and Indonesia.[9][8][5]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Ogen, estropipate tablets, USP". Pharmacia & Upjohn Co. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. December 2004. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2005/083220s041lbl.pdf.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 The Dictionary of Drugs: Chemical Data: Chemical Data, Structures and Bibliographies. Springer. 14 November 2014. pp. 900–. ISBN 978-1-4757-2085-3. https://books.google.com/books?id=0vXTBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA900.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Concise Dictionary of Pharmacological Agents: Properties and Synonyms. Springer Science & Business Media. 6 December 2012. pp. 114–. ISBN 978-94-011-4439-1. https://books.google.com/books?id=tsjrCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA114.
- ↑ William Andrew Publishing (22 October 2013). Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Encyclopedia (3rd ed.). Elsevier. pp. 1484–. ISBN 978-0-8155-1856-3. https://books.google.com/books?id=_J2ti4EkYpkC&pg=PA1484.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 "Sex hormones and their modulators". Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference (36th ed.). London: Pharmaceutical Press. 2009. p. 2101. ISBN 978-0-85369-840-1. https://www.medicinescomplete.com/mc/martindale/2009/mg-9020-r.htm.
- ↑ Budoff, Penny Wise (1 August 1983). No more hot flashes, and other good news. Putnam. p. 28. ISBN 978-0-399-12793-9. https://archive.org/details/nomorehotflashes00budo_1.
- ↑ P & T.. CORE Medical Journals. July 1993. https://books.google.com/books?id=51cVAQAAMAAJ.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Index Nominum 2000: International Drug Directory. Taylor & Francis. 2000. pp. 408–. ISBN 978-3-88763-075-1. https://books.google.com/books?id=5GpcTQD_L2oC&pg=PA408.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 "Estropipate". Drugs.com. https://www.drugs.com/international/estropipate.html.
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