Biology:TAS2R31
 Generic protein structure example |
Taste receptor, type 2, member 31, also known as TAS2R31, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the TAS2R31 gene.[1] This bitter taste receptor has been shown to respond to saccharin in vitro.[2]
TAS2R31 is also expressed in the smooth muscle of human airways, along with several other bitter taste receptors. Their activation in these cells causes an increase in intracellular calcium ion, which in turn triggers the opening of potassium channels which hyperpolarize the membrane and cause the smooth muscle to relax. Hence, activation of these receptors leads to bronchodilation.[3][3]
Polymorphisms in this gene have been associated with the perceived bitterness of sweetener acesulfame potassium.[4]
See also
References
- ↑ "Entrez Gene: TAS2R31 taste receptor, type 2, member 31". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=259290.
- ↑ "Bitter taste receptors for saccharin and acesulfame K". J. Neurosci. 24 (45): 10260–5. November 2004. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1225-04.2004. PMID 15537898.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction". Nat. Med. 16 (11): 1299–304. November 2010. doi:10.1038/nm.2237. PMID 20972434.
- ↑ "Bitterness of the non-nutritive sweetener acesulfame potassium varies with polymorphisms in TAS2R9 and TAS2R31". Chem. Senses 38 (5): 379–89. 2013. doi:10.1093/chemse/bjt017. PMID 23599216.
Further reading
- Margolskee RF (2002). "Molecular mechanisms of bitter and sweet taste transduction.". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (1): 1–4. doi:10.1074/jbc.R100054200. PMID 11696554.
- "Receptors for bitter and sweet taste.". Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 12 (4): 366–71. 2002. doi:10.1016/S0959-4388(02)00345-8. PMID 12139982.
- "The human TAS2R16 receptor mediates bitter taste in response to beta-glucopyranosides.". Nat. Genet. 32 (3): 397–401. 2002. doi:10.1038/ng1014. PMID 12379855.
- "Coding of sweet, bitter, and umami tastes: different receptor cells sharing similar signaling pathways.". Cell 112 (3): 293–301. 2003. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00071-0. PMID 12581520.
- "Identification and characterization of human taste receptor genes belonging to the TAS2R family.". Cytogenet. Genome Res. 98 (1): 45–53. 2003. doi:10.1159/000068546. PMID 12584440.
- "Identification of ligands for two human bitter T2R receptors.". Chem. Senses 29 (7): 583–93. 2005. doi:10.1093/chemse/bjh064. PMID 15337684.
- "Evolution of bitter taste receptors in humans and apes.". Mol. Biol. Evol. 22 (3): 432–6. 2005. doi:10.1093/molbev/msi027. PMID 15496549.
- "Bitter taste receptors for saccharin and acesulfame K.". J. Neurosci. 24 (45): 10260–5. 2005. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1225-04.2004. PMID 15537898.
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.
 |
