Biology:Parathyroid hormone 2 receptor

Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Generic protein structure example

Parathyroid hormone 2 receptor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PTH2R gene.

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family 2. This protein is a receptor for parathyroid hormone (PTH). This receptor is more selective in ligand recognition and has a more specific tissue distribution compared to parathyroid hormone 1 receptor (PTH1R). It is activated by PTH but not by parathyroid hormone-like hormone (PTHLH) and is particularly abundant in the brain and pancreas.

The molecular interaction of the PTH2 receptor with the peptide TIP39 has been characterized in full 3D molecular detail, identifying among other residues Tyr-318 in transmembrane helix 5 as a key residue for high affinity binding.

Mechanism

It is a member of the secretin family of G protein-coupled receptors. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G_s protein, which activates adenylyl cyclase.

See also

• Parathyroid hormone receptor

Further reading

• "Identification and functional expression of a receptor selectively recognizing parathyroid hormone, the PTH2 receptor". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 270 (26): 15455–15458. June 1995. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.26.15455. PMID 7797535. 
• "Assignment of the human PTH2 receptor gene (PTHR2) to chromosome 2q33 by fluorescence in situ hybridization". Genomics 37 (1): 140–141. October 1996. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0532. PMID 8921382. 
• "Multiple regions of ligand discrimination revealed by analysis of chimeric parathyroid hormone 2 (PTH2) and PTH/PTH-related peptide (PTHrP) receptors". Molecular Endocrinology 12 (2): 193–206. February 1998. doi:10.1210/mend.12.2.0063. PMID 9482662. 
• "Molecular determinants of tuberoinfundibular peptide of 39 residues (TIP39) selectivity for the parathyroid hormone-2 (PTH2) receptor. N-terminal truncation of TIP39 reverses PTH2 receptor/PTH1 receptor binding selectivity". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 275 (35): 27274–27283. September 2000. doi:10.1074/jbc.M003910200. PMID 10854439. 
• "Identification and characterization of the murine and human gene encoding the tuberoinfundibular peptide of 39 residues". Endocrinology 143 (3): 1047–1057. March 2002. doi:10.1210/endo.143.3.8698. PMID 11861531. 
• "The parathyroid hormone-2 receptor is expressed on human leukocytes and down-regulated in hyperparathyroidism". Clinical Nephrology 59 (6): 429–435. June 2003. doi:10.5414/CNP59429. PMID 12834174. 
• "Agonist-specific regulation of parathyroid hormone (PTH) receptor type 2 activity: structural and functional analysis of PTH- and tuberoinfundibular peptide (TIP) 39-stimulated desensitization and internalization". Molecular Endocrinology 18 (6): 1486–1498. June 2004. doi:10.1210/me.2003-0487. PMID 14988434. 
• "Calmodulin interacts with the cytoplasmic tails of the parathyroid hormone 1 receptor and a sub-set of class b G-protein coupled receptors". FEBS Letters 579 (3): 803–807. January 2005. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2004.12.056. PMID 15670850. Bibcode: 2005FEBSL.579..803M. 
• "High affinity binding of the peptide agonist TIP-39 to the parathyroid hormone 2 (PTH₂) receptor requires the hydroxyl group of Tyr-318 on transmembrane helix 5". Biochemical Pharmacology 127: 71–81. March 2017. doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2016.12.013. PMID 28012961. 

External links

• "Parathyroid Hormone Receptors: PTH2". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. http://www.iuphar-db.org/GPCR/ReceptorDisplayForward?receptorID=2970. 
• Receptor,+Parathyroid+Hormone,+Type+2 at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.