Biology:F2RL3

Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Generic protein structure example

Protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR-4), also known as coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 3, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the F2RL3 gene.

Function

Coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 3 (F2RL3) is a member of the large family of 7-transmembrane-region receptors that couple to guanosine-nucleotide-binding proteins. F2RL3 is also a member of the protease-activated receptor family. F2RL3 is activated by proteolytic cleavage of its extracellular amino terminus. The new amino terminus functions as a tethered ligand and activates the receptor. F2RL3 is activated by thrombin and trypsin.

See also

• Protease-activated receptor

Further reading

• "Protease-activated receptors in cardiovascular diseases.". Circulation 114 (10): 1070–7. 2006. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.574830. PMID 16952995. 
• "Cloning and characterization of human protease-activated receptor 4.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95 (12): 6642–6. 1998. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.12.6642. PMID 9618465. Bibcode: 1998PNAS...95.6642X. 
• "A dual thrombin receptor system for platelet activation.". Nature 394 (6694): 690–4. 1998. doi:10.1038/29325. PMID 9716134. Bibcode: 1998Natur.394..690K. 
• "Gene and locus structure and chromosomal localization of the protease-activated receptor gene family.". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (36): 23290–6. 1998. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.36.23290. PMID 9722561. 
• "Protease-activated receptors 1 and 4 mediate activation of human platelets by thrombin.". J. Clin. Invest. 103 (6): 879–87. 1999. doi:10.1172/JCI6042. PMID 10079109. 
• "Protease-activated receptor 1 is the primary mediator of thrombin-stimulated platelet procoagulant activity.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (20): 11189–93. 1999. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.20.11189. PMID 10500152. Bibcode: 1999PNAS...9611189A. 
• "Cathepsin G activates protease-activated receptor-4 in human platelets.". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (10): 6819–23. 2000. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.10.6819. PMID 10702240. 
• "PAR3 is a cofactor for PAR4 activation by thrombin.". Nature 404 (6778): 609–13. 2000. doi:10.1038/35007085. PMID 10766244. Bibcode: 2000Natur.404..609N. 
• "Trypsin induces activation and inflammatory mediator release from human eosinophils through protease-activated receptor-2.". J. Immunol. 167 (11): 6615–22. 2002. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.167.11.6615. PMID 11714832. 
• "Activation of protease-activated receptor (PAR)-1, PAR-2, and PAR-4 stimulates IL-6, IL-8, and prostaglandin E2 release from human respiratory epithelial cells.". J. Immunol. 168 (7): 3577–85. 2002. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.168.7.3577. PMID 11907122. 
• "PAR-4 agonist AYPGKF stimulates thromboxane production by human platelets.". Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 22 (5): 861–6. 2002. doi:10.1161/01.ATV.0000014742.56572.25. PMID 12006403. 
• "Role of the PAR4 thrombin receptor in stabilizing platelet-platelet aggregates as revealed by a patient with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome.". Thromb. Haemost. 87 (4): 722–7. 2003. doi:10.1055/s-0037-1613071. PMID 12008957. 
• "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. 2003. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...9916899M. 
• Owen WG (2003). "PAR-3 is a low-affinity substrate, high affinity effector of thrombin.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 305 (1): 166–8. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(03)00732-0. PMID 12732212. 
• "Thrombin-induced platelet PAR4 activation: role of glycoprotein Ib and ADP.". J. Thromb. Haemost. 1 (4): 798–804. 2003. doi:10.1046/j.1538-7836.2003.00138.x. PMID 12871418. 
• "The role of PAR4 in thrombin-induced thromboxane production in human platelets.". Thromb. Haemost. 90 (2): 299–308. 2004. doi:10.1160/TH03-02-0103. PMID 12888878. 
• "ZIP kinase triggers apoptosis from nuclear PML oncogenic domains.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 23 (17): 6174–86. 2003. doi:10.1128/MCB.23.17.6174-6186.2003. PMID 12917339. 
• "Protease-activated receptor-4 uses dual prolines and an anionic retention motif for thrombin recognition and cleavage.". Biochem. J. 376 (Pt 3): 733–40. 2004. doi:10.1042/BJ20030954. PMID 13678420. 
• "Redistribution of glycoprotein Ib within platelets in response to protease-activated receptors 1 and 4: roles of cytoskeleton and calcium.". J. Thromb. Haemost. 1 (10): 2206–15. 2004. doi:10.1046/j.1538-7836.2003.00436.x. PMID 14521606. 

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.