Biology:Calcitonin receptor

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Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens


A representation of the 3D structure of the protein myoglobin showing turquoise α-helices.
Generic protein structure example


The calcitonin receptor (CT) is a G protein-coupled receptor that binds the peptide hormone calcitonin and is involved in maintenance of calcium homeostasis,[1] particularly with respect to bone formation and metabolism.[2][3][4]

CT works by activating the G-proteins Gs and Gq often found on osteoclasts, on cells in the kidney, and on cells in a number of regions of the brain.[5] It may also affect the ovaries in women and the testes in men.

The function of the CT receptor protein is modified through its interaction with Receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs), forming the multimeric amylin receptors AMY1 (CT + RAMP1), AMY2 (CT + RAMP2), and AMY3 (CT+ RAMP3).[6]

Preclinical studies have suggested that dual amylin and calcitonin receptor agonists may be more effective than amylin receptor agonists for obesity and type II diabetes.[7]

Interactions

Structure of human calcitonin recptor-Gs complex. The transmembrane calcitonin receptor (blue) is bound to human calcitonin (red) and the Gs complex (yellow). PDB: 7TYO

Calcitonin receptor has been shown to interact with Apolipoprotein B[8][9] and LRP1.[10]

References

  1. "Molecular pharmacology of the calcitonin receptor". Receptors & Channels 8 (3–4): 243–55. 2002. doi:10.1080/10606820213681. PMID 12529940. 
  2. "Calcitonin alters behaviour of isolated osteoclasts". The Journal of Pathology 136 (1): 27–39. January 1982. doi:10.1002/path.1711360104. PMID 7057295. 
  3. "Amylin inhibits bone resorption while the calcitonin receptor controls bone formation in vivo". The Journal of Cell Biology 164 (4): 509–14. February 2004. doi:10.1083/jcb.200312135. PMID 14970190. 
  4. "Calcitonin receptor plays a physiological role to protect against hypercalcemia in mice". Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 23 (8): 1182–93. August 2008. doi:10.1359/jbmr.080310. PMID 18627265. 
  5. senselab
  6. "Calcitonin Receptors: Introduction". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. http://www.iuphar-db.org/GPCR/IntroductionDisplayForward?chapterID=1358. 
  7. Sonne, Nina; Karsdal, Morten A.; Henriksen, Kim (1 April 2021). "Mono and dual agonists of the amylin, calcitonin, and CGRP receptors and their potential in metabolic diseases". Molecular Metabolism 46: 101109. doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101109. ISSN 2212-8778. PMID 33166741. 
  8. "Nascent lipidated apolipoprotein B is transported to the Golgi as an incompletely folded intermediate as probed by its association with network of endoplasmic reticulum molecular chaperones, GRP94, ERp72, BiP, calreticulin, and cyclophilin B". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 278 (9): 7459–68. February 2003. doi:10.1074/jbc.M207976200. PMID 12397072. 
  9. "Multiple molecular chaperones interact with apolipoprotein B during its maturation. The network of endoplasmic reticulum-resident chaperones (ERp72, GRP94, calreticulin, and BiP) interacts with apolipoprotein b regardless of its lipidation state". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 273 (33): 21368–73. August 1998. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.33.21368. PMID 9694898. 
  10. "Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein is a calreticulin coreceptor that signals focal adhesion disassembly". The Journal of Cell Biology 161 (6): 1179–89. June 2003. doi:10.1083/jcb.200302069. PMID 12821648. 

Further reading

External links