Biology:Calcitonin receptor
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Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
 Generic protein structure example |
The calcitonin receptor (CT) is a G protein-coupled receptor that binds the peptide hormone calcitonin and is involved in maintenance of calcium homeostasis,[1] particularly with respect to bone formation and metabolism.[2][3][4]
CT works by activating the G-proteins Gs and Gq often found on osteoclasts, on cells in the kidney, and on cells in a number of regions of the brain.[5] It may also affect the ovaries in women and the testes in men.
The function of the CT receptor protein is modified through its interaction with Receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs), forming the multimeric amylin receptors AMY1 (CT + RAMP1), AMY2 (CT + RAMP2), and AMY3 (CT+ RAMP3).[6]
Preclinical studies have suggested that dual amylin and calcitonin receptor agonists may be more effective than amylin receptor agonists for obesity and type II diabetes.[7]
Interactions
Calcitonin receptor has been shown to interact with Apolipoprotein B[8][9] and LRP1.[10]
References
- ↑ "Molecular pharmacology of the calcitonin receptor". Receptors & Channels 8 (3–4): 243–55. 2002. doi:10.1080/10606820213681. PMID 12529940.
- ↑ "Calcitonin alters behaviour of isolated osteoclasts". The Journal of Pathology 136 (1): 27–39. January 1982. doi:10.1002/path.1711360104. PMID 7057295.
- ↑ "Amylin inhibits bone resorption while the calcitonin receptor controls bone formation in vivo". The Journal of Cell Biology 164 (4): 509–14. February 2004. doi:10.1083/jcb.200312135. PMID 14970190.
- ↑ "Calcitonin receptor plays a physiological role to protect against hypercalcemia in mice". Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 23 (8): 1182–93. August 2008. doi:10.1359/jbmr.080310. PMID 18627265.
- ↑ senselab
- ↑ "Calcitonin Receptors: Introduction". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. http://www.iuphar-db.org/GPCR/IntroductionDisplayForward?chapterID=1358.
- ↑ Sonne, Nina; Karsdal, Morten A.; Henriksen, Kim (1 April 2021). "Mono and dual agonists of the amylin, calcitonin, and CGRP receptors and their potential in metabolic diseases". Molecular Metabolism 46: 101109. doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101109. ISSN 2212-8778. PMID 33166741.
- ↑ "Nascent lipidated apolipoprotein B is transported to the Golgi as an incompletely folded intermediate as probed by its association with network of endoplasmic reticulum molecular chaperones, GRP94, ERp72, BiP, calreticulin, and cyclophilin B". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 278 (9): 7459–68. February 2003. doi:10.1074/jbc.M207976200. PMID 12397072.
- ↑ "Multiple molecular chaperones interact with apolipoprotein B during its maturation. The network of endoplasmic reticulum-resident chaperones (ERp72, GRP94, calreticulin, and BiP) interacts with apolipoprotein b regardless of its lipidation state". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 273 (33): 21368–73. August 1998. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.33.21368. PMID 9694898.
- ↑ "Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein is a calreticulin coreceptor that signals focal adhesion disassembly". The Journal of Cell Biology 161 (6): 1179–89. June 2003. doi:10.1083/jcb.200302069. PMID 12821648.
Further reading
- "Calcitonin and calcitonin receptors: bone and beyond". International Journal of Experimental Pathology 81 (6): 405–22. December 2000. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2613.2000.00176.x. PMID 11298188.
- "Cloning, characterization, and expression of a human calcitonin receptor from an ovarian carcinoma cell line". The Journal of Clinical Investigation 90 (5): 1726–35. November 1992. doi:10.1172/JCI116046. PMID 1331173.
- "Molecular cloning and functional expression of a third isoform of the human calcitonin receptor and partial characterization of the calcitonin receptor gene". Endocrinology 136 (12): 5377–84. December 1995. doi:10.1210/endo.136.12.7588285. PMID 7588285.
- "Identification of multiple human calcitonin receptor isoforms: heterologous expression and pharmacological characterization". Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 14 (2): 179–89. April 1995. doi:10.1677/jme.0.0140179. PMID 7619207.
- "Alternative splicing of a 48-nucleotide exon generates two isoforms of the human calcitonin receptor". Endocrinology 136 (5): 2047–51. May 1995. doi:10.1210/endo.136.5.7720653. PMID 7720653.
- "A new type of human calcitonin receptor isoform generated by alternative splicing". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 209 (2): 744–51. April 1995. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1995.1562. PMID 7733946.
- "The human calcitonin receptor gene (CALCR) at 7q21.3 is outside the deletion associated with the Williams syndrome". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics 70 (3–4): 246–9. 1995. doi:10.1159/000134044. PMID 7789182.
- "Inhibition of inositol phosphate second messenger formation by intracellular loop one of a human calcitonin receptor. Expression and mutational analysis of synthetic receptor genes". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 269 (45): 28123–9. November 1994. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)46903-7. PMID 7961748.
- "Cloning and characterization of an abundant subtype of the human calcitonin receptor". Molecular Pharmacology 46 (2): 246–55. August 1994. PMID 8078488.
- "An isoform of the human calcitonin receptor is expressed in TT cells and in medullary carcinoma of the thyroid". FEBS Letters 342 (2): 214–6. April 1994. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(94)80503-2. PMID 8143880.
- "Allelic variants of human calcitonin receptor: distribution and association with bone mass in postmenopausal Italian women". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 245 (2): 622–6. April 1998. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.8445. PMID 9571205.
- "Calcitonin receptor polymorphism is associated with a decreased fracture risk in post-menopausal women". Human Molecular Genetics 7 (13): 2129–33. December 1998. doi:10.1093/hmg/7.13.2129. PMID 9817931.
- "Multiple amylin receptors arise from receptor activity-modifying protein interaction with the calcitonin receptor gene product". Molecular Pharmacology 56 (1): 235–42. July 1999. doi:10.1124/mol.56.1.235. PMID 10385705.
- "A novel calcitonin receptor gene in human osteoclasts from normal bone marrow". FEBS Letters 458 (3): 409–14. September 1999. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(99)01176-X. PMID 10570950.
- "Calcitonin receptor mRNA in mononuclear leucocytes from postmenopausal women: decrease during osteoporosis and link to bone markers with specific isoform involvement". Bone 27 (1): 161–8. July 2000. doi:10.1016/S8756-3282(00)00305-7. PMID 10865224.
- "Regulation of calcitonin receptor by glucocorticoid in human osteoclast-like cells prepared in vitro using receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand and macrophage colony-stimulating factor". Endocrinology 142 (4): 1471–8. April 2001. doi:10.1210/endo.142.4.8085. PMID 11250927.
- "C1q and mannose binding lectin engagement of cell surface calreticulin and CD91 initiates macropinocytosis and uptake of apoptotic cells". The Journal of Experimental Medicine 194 (6): 781–95. September 2001. doi:10.1084/jem.194.6.781. PMID 11560994.
- "Association of calcitonin receptor gene polymorphism with early marginal bone loss around endosseous implants". The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants 17 (1): 38–43. 2002. PMID 11858573.
- "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 99 (26): 16899–903. December 2002. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...9916899M.
External links
- "Calcitonin Receptors". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. http://www.iuphar-db.org/GPCR/ChapterMenuForward?chapterID=1358.
- Calcitonin+receptors at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
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