Biology:GPR50
 Generic protein structure example |
G protein-coupled receptor 50 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the GPR50 gene.[1][2][3]
Function
GPR50 is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family of integral membrane proteins and is most closely related to the melatonin receptor.[2] GPR50 is able to heterodimerize with both the MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptor subtypes. While GPR50 has no effect on MT2 function, GPR50 prevented MT1 from both binding melatonin and coupling to G proteins.[4] GPR50 is the mammalian ortholog of melatonin receptor Mel1c described in non-mammalian vertebrates. [5]
Clinical significance
Certain polymorphisms of the GPR50 gene in females are associated with increased risk of developing bipolar affective disorder, major depressive disorder, and schizophrenia.[6] Other GPR50 gene polymorphism are associated with higher fasting circulating triglyceride levels and lower circulating High-density lipoprotein levels.[7]
References
- ↑ "Entrez Gene: GPR50 G protein-coupled receptor 50". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=9248.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Cloning of a melatonin-related receptor from human pituitary". FEBS Letters 386 (2–3): 219–24. May 1996. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(96)00437-1. PMID 8647286.
- ↑ "Assignment of the melatonin-related receptor to human chromosome X (GPR50) and mouse chromosome X (Gpr50)". Genomics 55 (2): 248–51. January 1999. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5661. PMID 9933574.
- ↑ "The orphan GPR50 receptor specifically inhibits MT1 melatonin receptor function through heterodimerization". The EMBO Journal 25 (13): 3012–23. July 2006. doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7601193. PMID 16778767.
- ↑ "GPR50 is the mammalian ortholog of Mel1c: Evidence of rapid evolution in mammals". BMC Evolutionary Biology 8 (1): 105. 2008. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-8-105. PMID 18400093. Bibcode: 2008BMCEE...8..105D.
- ↑ "Sex-specific association between bipolar affective disorder in women and GPR50, an X-linked orphan G protein-coupled receptor". Molecular Psychiatry 10 (5): 470–8. May 2005. doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001593. PMID 15452587.
- ↑ "Sequence variants in the melatonin-related receptor gene (GPR50) associate with circulating triglyceride and HDL levels". Journal of Lipid Research 47 (4): 761–6. April 2006. doi:10.1194/jlr.M500338-JLR200. PMID 16436372.
Further reading
- Reppert SM; Weaver DR; Ebisawa T et al. (1996). "Cloning of a melatonin-related receptor from human pituitary". FEBS Lett. 386 (2–3): 219–24. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(96)00437-1. PMID 8647286.
- "Assignment of the melatonin-related receptor to human chromosome X (GPR50) and mouse chromosome X (Gpr50)". Genomics 55 (2): 248–51. 1999. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5661. PMID 9933574.
- Strausberg RL; Feingold EA; Grouse LH et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...9916899M.
- Slominski A; Pisarchik A; Zbytek B et al. (2003). "Functional activity of serotoninergic and melatoninergic systems expressed in the skin". J. Cell. Physiol. 196 (1): 144–53. doi:10.1002/jcp.10287. PMID 12767050.
- Suzuki Y; Yamashita R; Shirota M et al. (2004). "Sequence Comparison of Human and Mouse Genes Reveals a Homologous Block Structure in the Promoter Regions". Genome Res. 14 (9): 1711–8. doi:10.1101/gr.2435604. PMID 15342556.
- Thomson PA; Wray NR; Thomson AM et al. (2005). "Sex-specific association between bipolar affective disorder in women and GPR50, an X-linked orphan G protein-coupled receptor". Mol. Psychiatry 10 (5): 470–8. doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001593. PMID 15452587.
- Bhattacharyya S; Luan J; Challis B et al. (2006). "Sequence variants in the melatonin-related receptor gene (GPR50) associate with circulating triglyceride and HDL levels". J. Lipid Res. 47 (4): 761–6. doi:10.1194/jlr.M500338-JLR200. PMID 16436372.
- Levoye A; Dam J; Ayoub MA et al. (2006). "The orphan GPR50 receptor specifically inhibits MT1 melatonin receptor function through heterodimerization". EMBO J. 25 (13): 3012–23. doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7601193. PMID 16778767.
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