Biology:LPAR6
 Generic protein structure example |
Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 6, also known as LPA6, P2RY5 and GPR87, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LPAR6 gene.[1][2][3][4] LPA6 is a G protein-coupled receptor that binds the lipid signaling molecule lysophosphatidic acid (LPA).[5][6]
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the family of G-protein coupled receptors, that are preferentially activated by adenosine and uridine nucleotides. This gene aligns with an internal intron of the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene in the reverse orientation.[4]
Role in hair growth/loss
In February 2008, researchers at the University of Bonn announced they have found the genetic basis of two distinct forms of inherited hair loss, opening a broad path to treatments for baldness. They found that mutations in the gene P2RY5 causes a rare, inherited form of hair loss called hypotrichosis simplex. It is the first receptor in humans known to play a role in hair growth. The fact that any receptor plays a specific role in hair growth was previously unknown to scientists, and with this new knowledge a focus on finding more of these genes may be able to lead to therapies for many different types of hair loss.[5][7]
In 2013, it was found that mutations in LPAR6 give rise to the Cornish Rex cat breed, which has a form of ectodermal dysplasia characterised by short woolly hair which is susceptible to loss.[8]
See also
References
- ↑ "Expression of purinergic receptors (ionotropic P2X1-7 and metabotropic P2Y1-11) during myeloid differentiation of HL60 cells". Biochim Biophys Acta 1492 (1): 127–38. Sep 2000. doi:10.1016/S0167-4781(00)00094-4. PMID 11004484.
- ↑ "Receptors for purines and pyrimidines". Pharmacol Rev 50 (3): 413–92. Nov 1998. PMID 9755289.
- ↑ "Identification and characterization of a novel lysophosphatidic acid receptor, p2y5/LPA6". J Biol Chem 284 (26): 17731–41. Jun 2009. doi:10.1074/jbc.M808506200. PMID 19386608.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Entrez Gene: P2RY5 purinergic receptor P2Y, G-protein coupled, 5". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=10161.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "G protein-coupled receptor P2Y5 and its ligand LPA are involved in maintenance of human hair growth". Nat. Genet. 40 (3): 329–34. March 2008. doi:10.1038/ng.84. PMID 18297070.
- ↑ "LPA Receptors: Subtypes and Biological Actions". Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology 50 (1): 157–186. January 2010. doi:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.010909.105753. PMID 20055701.
- ↑ "Hypotrichosis simplex - About the Disease - Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center" (in en). https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/9170/hypotrichosis-simplex/.
- ↑ Gandolfi, Barbara; Alhaddad, Hasan; Affolter, Verena K.; Brockman, Jeffrey; Haggstrom, Jens; Joslin, Shannon E. K.; Koehne, Amanda L.; Mullikin, James C. et al. (2013-06-27). "To the Root of the Curl: A Signature of a Recent Selective Sweep Identifies a Mutation That Defines the Cornish Rex Cat Breed". PLOS ONE 8 (6): e67105. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0067105. ISSN 1932-6203. PMID 23826204. Bibcode: 2013PLoSO...867105G.
Further reading
- "Complete genomic sequence of the human retinoblastoma susceptibility gene.". Genomics 17 (3): 535–43. 1993. doi:10.1006/geno.1993.1368. PMID 7902321.
- "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides.". Gene 138 (1–2): 171–4. 1994. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
- "Intron 17 of the human retinoblastoma susceptibility gene encodes an actively transcribed G protein-coupled receptor gene.". Genome Res. 6 (9): 858–61. 1997. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.858. PMID 8889552.
- "The 6H1 orphan receptor, claimed to be the p2y5 receptor, does not mediate nucleotide-promoted second messenger responses.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 236 (2): 455–60. 1997. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6984. PMID 9240460.
- "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library.". Gene 200 (1–2): 149–56. 1997. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
- "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. 2003. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...9916899M.
- "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. 2004. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
- "The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 13.". Nature 428 (6982): 522–8. 2004. doi:10.1038/nature02379. PMID 15057823. Bibcode: 2004Natur.428..522D.
- "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. 2004. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMID 15489334.
- "ATP-stimulated interleukin-6 synthesis through P2Y receptors on human osteoblasts.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 326 (2): 329–34. 2005. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.11.037. PMID 15582581.
External links
- LPAR6 human gene location in the UCSC Genome Browser.
- LPAR6 human gene details in the UCSC Genome Browser.
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.
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