Chemistry:Pheniprazine
Pheniprazine, formerly sold under the brand names Catron and Cavodil, is an irreversible and non-selective monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) of the hydrazine group that was used as an antidepressant to treat depression in the 1960s.[1][2][3][4] It was also used in the treatment of angina pectoris and schizophrenia.[5][6] Pheniprazine has been largely discontinued due to toxicity concerns such as jaundice, amblyopia, and optic neuritis.[7][8][9]
Pharmacology
Pheniprazine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI).[1]
Amphetamine has been detected as an active metabolite of pheniprazine in animals.[10] Pheniprazine produces amphetamine- and psychostimulant-like effects at high doses in animals.[11] The same is true of certain other MAOIs, including iproniazid, phenelzine, tranylcypromine, and pargyline, but not nialamide.[11][12][13]
Chemistry
Pheniprazine, also known as α-methylphenethylhydrazine,[14] is a phenethylamine, amphetamine, and hydrazine derivative.
It is a close analogue of phenelzine (phenethylhydrazine) and amphetamine (α-methylphenethylamine) and can also be referred to by synonyms including amphetamine hydrazide,[14] α-methylphenelzine, and N-aminoamphetamine.
Metfendrazine (α,N-dimethylphenethylhydrazine; N-methylpheniprazine) is the corresponding methamphetamine (N-methylamphetamine) analogue.
Society and culture
Names
Pheniprazine is the generic name of the drug and its INN and BAN.[1] It is also known by the former developmental code name JB-516.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Elks, J. (2014). The Dictionary of Drugs: Chemical Data: Chemical Data, Structures and Bibliographies. Springer US. p. 809. ISBN 978-1-4757-2085-3. https://books.google.com/books?id=0vXTBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA809. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
- ↑ "A controlled trial of cavodil (pheniprazine) in depression". The Journal of Mental Science 108 (457): 856–858. November 1962. doi:10.1192/bjp.108.457.856. PMID 13928843.
- ↑ "Inhibition of monoamine oxidase in monoaminergic neurones in the rat brain by irreversible inhibitors". Biochemical Pharmacology 35 (8): 1381–1387. April 1986. doi:10.1016/0006-2952(86)90285-6. PMID 2870717.
- ↑ "Studies on Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors. I. The Autoxidation of β-Phenylisopropylhydrazine as a Model Reaction for Irreversible Monoamine Oxidase Inhibition". Journal of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry 5 (4): 738–752. July 1962. doi:10.1021/jm01239a006. PMID 14056405.
- ↑ "Clinical evaluation of pheniprazine in angina pectoris". British Medical Journal 1 (5228): 792–794. March 1961. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.5228.792. PMID 13746179.
- ↑ "[beta-Phenylisoprophlhydrazine (Catran) in schizophrenia]". Nordisk Medicin 68: 1165–1167. September 1962. PMID 14000469.
- ↑ "Fatal jaundice after administration of pheniprazine". British Medical Journal 2 (5267): 1616–1617. December 1961. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.5267.1616. PMID 13892290.
- ↑ "Toxic amblyopia during antidepressant treatment with pheniprazine (Catran)". Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 38 (1): 1–14. 1962. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1962.tb01780.x. PMID 13894598.
- ↑ "[Optic neuritis after treatment with Catran]". Ugeskrift for Laeger 125: 138–139. January 1963. PMID 13981222.
- ↑ "Metabolism of monoamine oxidase inhibitors". Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry 13 (3–4): 395–403. 1989. doi:10.1016/0278-5846(89)90128-0. PMID 2664891.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 "Review of the pharmacology of existing antidepressants". British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 4 (Suppl 2): 57S–68S. 1977. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1977.tb05761.x. PMID 334231.
- ↑ "Modification of Monoaminergic Activity by MAO Inhibitors Influences Methamphetamine Actions". Drug Target Insights 1: 19–28. 2006. doi:10.1177/117739280600100001. PMID 21901055.
- ↑ "Inhibition of MAO-A activity enhances behavioural activity of rats assessed using water maze and open arena tasks". Pharmacology & Toxicology 88 (6): 304–312. June 2001. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0773.2001.880604.x. PMID 11453370.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 Cite error: Invalid
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