Biology:ATF6

Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Generic protein structure example

Activating transcription factor 6, also known as ATF6, is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the ATF6 gene and is involved in the unfolded protein response.

Function

ATF6 is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-regulated transmembrane transcription factor that activates the transcription of ER molecules. Accumulation of misfolded proteins in the Endoplasmic Reticulum results in the proteolytic cleavage of ATF6. The cytosolic portion of ATF6 will move to the nucleus and act as a transcription factor to cause the transcription of ER chaperones.

See also

• Activating transcription factor

Interactions

ATF6 has been shown to interact with YY1 and Serum response factor.

Further reading

• "The molecular biology and nomenclature of the activating transcription factor/cAMP responsive element binding family of transcription factors: activating transcription factor proteins and homeostasis". Gene 273 (1): 1–11. 2001. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00551-0. PMID 11483355. 
• "Transcription factor ATF cDNA clones: an extensive family of leucine zipper proteins able to selectively form DNA-binding heterodimers". Genes Dev. 3 (12B): 2083–90. 1990. doi:10.1101/gad.3.12b.2083. PMID 2516827. 
• "Interaction of ATF6 and serum response factor". Mol. Cell. Biol. 17 (9): 4957–66. 1997. doi:10.1128/MCB.17.9.4957. PMID 9271374. 
• "Identification of the cis-acting endoplasmic reticulum stress response element responsible for transcriptional induction of mammalian glucose-regulated proteins. Involvement of basic leucine zipper transcription factors". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (50): 33741–9. 1999. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.50.33741. PMID 9837962. 
• "Mammalian Transcription Factor ATF6 Is Synthesized as a Transmembrane Protein and Activated by Proteolysis in Response to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress". Mol. Biol. Cell 10 (11): 3787–99. 1999. doi:10.1091/mbc.10.11.3787. PMID 10564271. 
• "ATF6 as a Transcription Activator of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Element: Thapsigargin Stress-Induced Changes and Synergistic Interactions with NF-Y and YY1". Mol. Cell. Biol. 20 (14): 5096–106. 2000. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.14.5096-5106.2000. PMID 10866666. 
• "Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Formation of Transcription Factor Complex ERSF Including NF-Y (CBF) and Activating Transcription Factors 6α and 6β That Activates the Mammalian Unfolded Protein Response". Mol. Cell. Biol. 21 (4): 1239–48. 2001. doi:10.1128/MCB.21.4.1239-1248.2001. PMID 11158310. 
• "ER stress induces cleavage of membrane-bound ATF6 by the same proteases that process SREBPs". Mol. Cell 6 (6): 1355–64. 2001. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(00)00133-7. PMID 11163209. 
• "Identification of TFII-I as the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response Element Binding Factor ERSF: Its Autoregulation by Stress and Interaction with ATF6". Mol. Cell. Biol. 21 (9): 3220–33. 2001. doi:10.1128/MCB.21.9.3220-3233.2001. PMID 11287625. 
• "Nitric oxide-induced apoptosis in RAW 264.7 macrophages is mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway involving ATF6 and CHOP". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (14): 12343–50. 2002. doi:10.1074/jbc.M107988200. PMID 11805088. 
• "The luminal domain of ATF6 senses endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and causes translocation of ATF6 from the ER to the Golgi". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (15): 13045–52. 2002. doi:10.1074/jbc.M110636200. PMID 11821395. 
• "Coordination of ATF6-mediated transcription and ATF6 degradation by a domain that is shared with the viral transcription factor, VP16". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (23): 20734–9. 2002. doi:10.1074/jbc.M201749200. PMID 11909875. 
• "Distinct roles of activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) and double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) in transcription during the mammalian unfolded protein response". Biochem. J. 366 (Pt 2): 585–94. 2002. doi:10.1042/BJ20020391. PMID 12014989. 
• "Requirement of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling pathway for the induction of the 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein/immunoglobulin heavy-chain binding protein by azetidine stress: activating transcription factor 6 as a target for stress-induced phosphorylation". Biochem. J. 366 (Pt 3): 787–95. 2002. doi:10.1042/BJ20011802. PMID 12076252. 
• "Hepatitis C Virus Subgenomic Replicons Induce Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Activating an Intracellular Signaling Pathway". J. Virol. 76 (15): 7453–9. 2002. doi:10.1128/JVI.76.15.7453-7459.2002. PMID 12097557. 
• "Activation of the ATF6, XBP1 and grp78 genes in human hepatocellular carcinoma: a possible involvement of the ER stress pathway in hepatocarcinogenesis". J. Hepatol. 38 (5): 605–14. 2004. doi:10.1016/S0168-8278(03)00029-1. PMID 12713871. 
• "A serine protease inhibitor prevents endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced cleavage but not transport of the membrane-bound transcription factor ATF6". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (33): 31024–32. 2003. doi:10.1074/jbc.M300923200. PMID 12782636. 
• "Comprehensive identification of human bZIP interactions with coiled-coil arrays". Science 300 (5628): 2097–101. 2003. doi:10.1126/science.1084648. PMID 12805554. Bibcode: 2003Sci...300.2097N. 

External links

• ATF6+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• Human ATF6 genome location and ATF6 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.