Biology:ELF5
 Generic protein structure example |
E74-like factor 5 (ets domain transcription factor), is a gene found in both mice and humans.[1] In humans it is also called ESE2.
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of an epithelium-specific subclass of the ETS transcription factor family. In addition to its role in regulating the later stages of terminal differentiation of keratinocytes, it appears to regulate a number of epithelium-specific genes found in tissues containing glandular epithelium such as salivary gland and prostate. It has very low affinity to DNA due to its negative regulatory domain at the amino terminus. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene.[1]
Relevance to Disease
A role in breast or prostate cancer is known.[2] There are preliminary reports that the C allele genetic variant of rs61882275 near chromosome location 11.13 with variable incidence in human populations[3] is associated with severe COVID-19.[4] Further investigation by others suggested the association was caused by a tissue-specific effect on ELF5 expression in lung endothelium by this allele which results in a more than 4-fold higher risk of severe COVID-19 in those with SARS-CoV2 infection.[5]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Entrez Gene: ELF5 E74-like factor 5 (ets domain transcription factor)". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2001.
- ↑ "ELF5 isoform expression is tissue-specific and significantly altered in cancer". Breast Cancer Research 18 (1): 4. 7 January 2016. doi:10.1186/s13058-015-0666-0. PMID 26738740.
- ↑ "dbSNP Short Genetic Variations: rs61882275". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/snp/rs61882275.
- ↑ Template:Cite medRxiv
- ↑ Template:Cite medRxiv
Further reading
- "The ETS-domain transcription factor family". The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology 29 (12): 1371–87. Dec 1997. doi:10.1016/S1357-2725(97)00086-1. PMID 9570133.
- "A novel transcription factor, ELF5, belongs to the ELF subfamily of ETS genes and maps to human chromosome 11p13-15, a region subject to LOH and rearrangement in human carcinoma cell lines". Oncogene 17 (21): 2719–32. Nov 1998. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1202198. PMID 9840936.
- "Characterization of ESE-2, a novel ESE-1-related Ets transcription factor that is restricted to glandular epithelium and differentiated keratinocytes". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 274 (41): 29439–52. Oct 1999. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.41.29439. PMID 10506207.
- "A major site of expression of the ets transcription factor Elf5 is epithelia of exocrine glands". Histochemistry and Cell Biology 122 (6): 521–6. Dec 2004. doi:10.1007/s00418-004-0713-x. PMID 15655699.
- "Epithelium-specific ets transcription factor 2 upregulates cytokeratin 18 expression in pulmonary epithelial cells through an interaction with cytokeratin 18 intron 1". Cell Research 15 (6): 423–9. Jun 2005. doi:10.1038/sj.cr.7290310. PMID 15987600.
- "Differentiation-specific transcriptional regulation of the ESE-2 gene by a novel keratinocyte-restricted factor". Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 97 (4): 766–81. Mar 2006. doi:10.1002/jcb.20685. PMID 16229011.
- "Determination of the consensus DNA-binding sequence and a transcriptional activation domain for ESE-2". The Biochemical Journal 398 (3): 497–507. Sep 2006. doi:10.1042/BJ20060375. PMID 16704374.
- "A protein-protein interaction network for human inherited ataxias and disorders of Purkinje cell degeneration". Cell 125 (4): 801–14. May 2006. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.03.032. PMID 16713569.
External links
- ELF5+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.
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