Biology:FIGLA
 Generic protein structure example |
Folliculogenesis-specific basic helix-loop-helix, also known as factor in the germline alpha (FIGalpha) or transcription factor FIGa, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FIGLA gene.[1][2] The FIGLA gene is a germ cell-specific transcription factor preferentially expressed in oocytes that can be found on human chromosome 2p13.3.
Function
This gene encodes a protein that functions in postnatal oocyte-specific gene expression. The protein is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that regulates multiple oocyte-specific genes, including genes involved in folliculogenesis, oocyte differentiation, and those that encode the zona pellucida.[1] FIGLA is related to the zona pellucida genes ZP1, ZP2, and ZP3.
Clinical significance
Mutation in the FIGLA gene are associated with premature ovarian failure.[3] Premature ovarian failure is a genetic disorder that leads to hypergonadotropic ovarian failure and infertility. It is believed that premature ovarian failure in humans is caused by FIGLA haploninsuffciency, which disrupts the formation of the primordial follicles.[3][4] This was observed in FIGLA mice knockouts which had diminished follicular endowment and accelerated oocyte loss throughout their reproductive life span.[3][4] Women with mutations in their FIGLA were shown to have a form of premature ovarian failure.[3][4] As well as the failure to form primordial follicles, knockout mice also lacked zona pellucida genes Zp1, Zp2, and ZP3 expression.[4]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Entrez Gene: folliculogenesis specific basic helix-loop-helix". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=344018.
- ↑ "Isolation, characterization and expression of the human Factor In the Germline alpha (FIGLA) gene in ovarian follicles and oocytes". Molecular Human Reproduction 8 (12): 1087–95. December 2002. doi:10.1093/molehr/8.12.1087. PMID 12468641.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 "Transcription factor FIGLA is mutated in patients with premature ovarian failure". American Journal of Human Genetics 82 (6): 1342–8. June 2008. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.04.018. PMID 18499083.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 "Gene expression analysis of human fetal ovarian primordial follicle formation". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 94 (4): 1427–35. April 2009. doi:10.1210/jc.2008-2619. PMID 19258411.
Further reading
- "Isolation and expression analysis of the testis-specific gene, STRA8, stimulated by retinoic acid gene 8". Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics 19 (11): 531–5. November 2002. doi:10.1023/A:1020963919596. PMID 12489526.
- "Candidate genes for premature ovarian failure". Current Medicinal Chemistry 14 (3): 353–7. 2007. doi:10.2174/092986707779941087. PMID 17305537.
- "Zona pellucida components are present in human fetal ovary before follicle formation". Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 289 (1–2): 10–5. July 2008. doi:10.1016/j.mce.2008.01.029. PMID 18502569. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00531995/file/PEER_stage2_10.1016%252Fj.mce.2008.01.029.pdf.
- "Transcription factor FIGLA is mutated in patients with premature ovarian failure". American Journal of Human Genetics 82 (6): 1342–8. June 2008. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.04.018. PMID 18499083.
- "Transcriptional regulation of early oogenesis: in search of masters". Human Reproduction Update 12 (1): 65–76. 2006. doi:10.1093/humupd/dmi033. PMID 16143663.
- "Premature ovarian failure and gene polymorphisms". Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology 21 (4): 313–7. August 2009. doi:10.1097/gco.0b013e32832e0813. PMID 19610175.
- "Increased expression of the FIGLA transcription factor is associated with primordial follicle formation in the human fetal ovary". Molecular Human Reproduction 10 (6): 373–81. June 2004. doi:10.1093/molehr/gah056. PMID 15044608.
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